Daily rhythms of leukocytes populations, biochemical and enzymatic blood parameters in a carnivorous freshwater catfish (Lophiosilurus alexandri).

The aim of this study was to investigate the daily rhythms of hematological, biochemical and enzymatic parameters of the blood of a nocturnal model of fish (Lophiosilurus alexandri) bred in the laboratory (F1). Thirty-six juveniles were stocked in six tanks of a recirculation aquaculture system for 20 days. The fish were exposed to a light:dark cycle of 12:12 h and were fed 1% of biomass twice a day with commercial diet. The daily rhythms of hematological, biochemical and enzymatic parameters were then measured at six sampling times "zeitgeber time = ZT" at four-hour intervals under light:dark 12:12 h (lights on = ZT0, at 8.00 a.m). No differences were observed to alkaline phosphatase, glucose, cortisol, aspartate aminotransferase, superoxide dismutase, total protein and hematocrit (p > 0.05). However, white blood cell count, Lymphocytes (LYN), Neutrophils (NEU), Eosinophil and Neutrophils to Lymphocytes ratio were significant different between sample times (p < 0.05). Also, a significant difference in alanine transaminase was observed, with a peak of production at nighttime. In contrast, glutathione peroxidase peaked at 8:00. Uric acid, magnesium and Calcium (Ca++) showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). A significant difference was observed (p < 0.05), with a peak of albumin at 08:00 and triglycerides at 12:00, while cholesterol was low (p < 0.05) at 08:00 and higher from 12:00 to 04:00. Cosinor analysis revealed also rhythmicity to SOD, UA, Mg and Ca++, ALB and CHO (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the time of day must be considered a key factor when using blood parameters as biomarkers for disease, health and welfare in the L. alexandri aquaculture.

Perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde de idosas que participam de grupos de terceira idade em recife, pernambuco / Perfil sociodemográfico y de salud de adultos mayores que participan en grupos de tercera edad en recife, pernambuco / Sociodemographic and health profile of elderly women participating in groups for the elderly in recife, pernambuco

INTRODUÇÃO: O envelhecimento populacional é um acontecimento que vem se manifestando no mundo todo. Desta forma, tem-se pensado maneiras de manter os idosos inseridos socialmente através de grupos de terceira idade, que representam uma rede de apoio social, propiciando interação entre os mesmos e indivíduos adultos/jovens, além de permitirem troca de experiências. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, realizado em dois grupos de terceira idade entre março e maio de 2015, com amostra intencional, por conveniência, composta por 29 idosas. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: A amostra entrevistada foi composta por 100% de idosas do sexo feminino, 44,8% viúvas, 55,2% com escolaridade entre 5-8 anos de estudo, 48,3% com faixa etária entre 70-79 anos, 62,1% disseram não realizar atividade física, 79,3% afirmaram participar de outros grupos, 82,8% fazem uso de algum medicamento, 51,7% afirmaram ter caído nos últimos 12 meses, que pode estar relacionada, a ausência de atividades físicas, e outros fatores, como, fraqueza muscular consequente do próprio envelhecimento, além de 69% apresentaram alteração cognitiva, o que pode estar atrelado ao alto ponto de corte utilizado, 24,1% apresentaram sintomas depressivos, mostrando a importância desses grupos de terceira idade, promover atividades para minimizá-los, juntamente com uma equipe multidisciplinar e 79,7% conseguiram realizar a maioria das atividades instrumentais de vida diária sem ajuda. CONCLUSÕES: A realização deste estudo possibilitou conhecer o perfil de saúde dessa população idosa, importante no direcionamento de atividades e cuidados específicos para terceira idade

INTRODUCCIÓN: El envejecimiento poblacional es un evento que se está manifestando en todo el mundo. De esta forma, se ha pensado en maneras de mantener a los adultos mayores integrados socialmente a través de grupos de la tercera edad, lo que representa una red de apoyo social, proporcionando interacción entre ellos y personas adultas/jóvenes, además de permitir intercambio de experiencias. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, realizado en dos grupos de la tercera edad, entre marzo y mayo del 2015, con una muestra intencional, por conveniencia, compuesto por 29 adultos mayores. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN: La muestra de entrevistados fue compuesta 100% por adultos mayores de sexo femenino, 44.8% viudas, 55.2% con escolaridad entre 5-8 años de estudio, el 48.3% con rangos de edad entre 70-79 años, el 62.1% dijeron no realizar actividad física, el 79.3% afirmaron participar de otros grupos, el 82.8% utilizan algún medicamento, el 51.7% afirmaron haber caído en los últimos 12 meses, lo que puede estar relacionado con la ausencia de actividad física y otros factores, tales como, debilidad muscular consecuencia del propio envejecimiento, además el 69% presentaron deterioro cognitiva, lo que puede estar relacionado al alto punto de corte utilizado, 24.1% presentaron síntomas depresivos, mostrando la importancia de estos grupos de la tercera edad, la promoción de actividades para minimizarlos, junto con un equipo multidisciplinar, el 79.7% consiguieron realizar la mayoría de las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria sin ayuda. CONCLUSIONES: La realización de este estudio permitió conocer el perfil de salud de esta población de adultos mayores, importante en la orientación de actividades y cuidados específicos para la tercera edad

INTRODUCTION: Population aging is an event being manifested throughout the world. Thus, ways have been thought of to keep the elderly inserted socially through old age groups, which represent a social support network, propitiating exchange amongst themselves and adult/young individuals, besides permitting exchange of experiences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive study conducted with two elderly groups between March and May 2015, with an intentional sample, through convenience, composed of 29 elderly women. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The sample interviewed was comprised by 100% elderly women; 44.8% widows; 55.2% with schooling between 5 and 8 years of studies; 48.3% ranging in age between 70 and 79 years; 62.1% said they did not engage in physical activity; 79.3% reported participation with other groups; 82.8% take some medication; 51.7% said they had fallen down within the last 12 months, which can be related to lack of physical activity and other factors, like muscle weakness as a consequence of aging; in addition, 69% had cognitive alteration, which may be related to the high cut-off point used, 24.1% revealed depressive symptoms, evidencing the importance of these elderly groups of promoting activities to minimize them, along with a multidisciplinary team; 79.7% were able to perform most of the instrumental activities of daily living without help. CONCLUSIONS: This study permitted knowing the health profile of this elderly population, important in directing activities and specific care for the aging

Research of multiarterial atherosclerotic disease in hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis.

INTRODUCTION: The detection of the renal artery stenosis in hypertensive patients can be a signal of systemic arterial atherosclerosis. AIMS: To identify and characterize clinical-epidemiologically the hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis, evaluating factors of cardiovascular risk and presence of symptomatic multiarterial atherosclerotic. METHOD: Were selected the hypertensive patients who were assisted at the Nephrological Clinic of Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) between 2000-2010, with diagnosis of renal artery stenosis of atherosclerotic etiology. Epidemiological data were evaluated (gender, age, ethnicity), factors of cardiovascular risk (diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, tabagism, metabolic syndrome), information on hypertension (time of diagnosis, family report, number of used medicines), previous cardiovascular events (acute myocardial infarctation, ischemic stroke, peripheral arterial disease). Blood pressure levels, global cardiovascular risk and Score Framingham were stratified. RESULTS: Casuistry of 30 patients, feminine majority (73.3%), average of 66 year-old age, 86.67% white, medium time of hypertension of 19.94 years, 89.92 without family report, 13.8 with diabetes, 65.51% smoking, 17.25% hypertriglyredemia, 62.06% with hypercholesterolemia and 66.7% with metabolic syndrome. Average number of medicines in use: 3.26. Dominant right-sided renal artery stenosis separately (46.7%) and in proximal third (56.7%). High creatinine levels in 40% of the patients. As for the hypertension phase, majority phase 2 (47%) and 73.3% with high global cardiovascular risk. Average Framingham Score of 13%. 66.7% presented atherosclerotic disease in another place, being infarctation the main one (53.3%). CONCLUSION: The most common correlation was with acute myocardial infarctation, what implicates in the search of the coronary compromising to the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis in hypertensive patients to try avoid future damages to the patient.

Pesquisa de doença aterosclerótica multiarterial em pacientes hipertensos com estenose de artéria renal / Research of multiarterial atherosclerotic disease in hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis

INTRODUÇÃO: A detecção de estenose de artéria renal em pacientes hipertensos pode ser um sinal de aterosclerose arterial sistêmica. OBJETIVOS: Identificar e caracterizar do ponto de vista clínico e epidemiológico os pacientes hipertensos com estenose de artéria renal, avaliando fatores de risco cardiovascular e presença de doença aterosclerótica multiarterial sintomática. MÉTODO: Foram selecionados os pacientes hipertensos atendidos no ambulatório de Nefrologia da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) entre 2000-2010, com diagnóstico de estenose de artéria renal de etiologia aterosclerótica. Avaliaram-se dados epidemiológicos (gênero, idade, etnia), fatores de risco cardiovascular (Diabetes Mellitus, hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia, tabagismo, síndrome metabólica), informações relativas à hipertensão (tempo de diagnóstico, histórico familiar, número de medicamentos utilizados), eventos cardiovasculares prévios (infarto agudo do miocárdio, acidente vascular encefálico isquêmico, doença arterial periférica). Estratificaram-se os níveis pressóricos, risco cardiovascular global e escore Framingham. RESULTADOS: Casuística de 30 pacientes, maioria feminina (73,3%), média de idade de 66 anos, 86,67% brancos. Tempo médio de HAS de 19,94 anos, 89,28% sem histórico familiar, 13,8% com diabetes, 65,51% tabagistas, 17,25% com hipertrigliceridemia, 62,06% com hipercolesterolemia e 66,7% com síndrome metabólica. Número médio de medicamentos em uso: 3,26. Estenose de artéria renal predominante à direita quando isoladamente (46,7%) e em terço proximal (56,7%). Creatinina elevada em 40% dos pacientes. Quanto ao estágio de hipertensão, maioria estágio 2 (47%) e 73,3% com risco cardiovascular global alto. Escore Framingham Médio de 13%. 66,7% apresentavam doença aterosclerótica em outro sítio, sendo coronariano o principal (53,3%). CONCLUSÃO: A correlação mais comum foi com o infarto agudo do miocárdio, o que implica na busca do comprometimento coronário quando do diagnóstico de estenose de artéria renal em pacientes hipertensos, para tentar evitar danos futuros ao paciente.

INTRODUCTION: The detection of the renal artery stenosis in hypertensive patients can be a signal of systemic arterial atherosclerosis. AIMS: To identify and characterize clinical-epidemiologically the hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis, evaluating factors of cardiovascular risk and presence of symptomatic multiarterial atherosclerotic. METHOD: Were selected the hypertensive patients who were assisted at the Nephrological Clinic of Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) between 2000-2010, with diagnosis of renal artery stenosis of atherosclerotic etiology. Epidemiological data were evaluated (gender, age, ethnicity), factors of cardiovascular risk (diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, tabagism, metabolic syndrome), information on hypertension (time of diagnosis, family report, number of used medicines), previous cardiovascular events (acute myocardial infarctation, ischemic stroke, peripheral arterial disease). Blood pressure levels, global cardiovascular risk and Score Framingham were stratified. RESULTS: Casuistry of 30 patients, feminine majority (73.3%), average of 66 year-old age, 86.67% white, medium time of hypertension of 19.94 years, 89.92 without family report, 13.8 with diabetes, 65.51% smoking, 17.25% hypertriglyredemia, 62.06% with hypercholesterolemia and 66.7% with metabolic syndrome. Average number of medicines in use: 3.26. Dominant right-sided renal artery stenosis separately (46.7%) and in proximal third (56.7%). High creatinine levels in 40% of the patients. As for the hypertension phase, majority phase 2 (47%) and 73.3% with high global cardiovascular risk. Average Framingham Score of 13%. 66.7% presented atherosclerotic disease in another place, being infarctation the main one (53.3%). CONCLUSION: The most common correlation was with acute myocardial infarctation, what implicates in the search of the coronary compromising to the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis in hypertensive patients to try avoid future damages to the patient.

Acute glomerulonephritis after upper airway or skin infection: descriptive analysis of 82 cases between 14 and 64 years-old.

INTRODUCTION: Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) after infection of the upper airways or skin is a kidney disease usually caused by streptococcal nephritogenic strains and may present with sudden onset of gross hematuria, hypertension, edema and, occasionally, acute renal failure, is common in childhood and little incident in adults and younger individuals. OBJECTIVE: To analyze, in a descriptive way, data from the initial presentation of GNA after infection of the upper airways or skin in patients over 14 years of age, with emphasis on its epidemiological and clinical aspects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the clinical data of 82 patients treated at our department during the period 1972-2001, divided into three groups: group 1, with individuals between 14 and 20 years (n = 52), group 2, between 21 and 30 years (n = 19) and group 3, aged ≥; 31 years (n = 11). RESULTS: There was a predominance of the table among younger patients (group 1), male and white, mostly preceded by infection of the skin, appearing most commonly on lower extremity edema and/or face. In some cases, even with nephrotic syndrome, and hypertension, especially in adults over 30 years (group 3), being the least frequent finding of gross hematuria, and rarely, acute renal failure. CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the importance of studying the AGN after infection of the upper airways or skin in younger individuals and adults, seeking to better characterize its clinical, mainly because it is a group of patients where the disease is less incident.

Acute glomerulonephritis after upper airway or skin infection: descriptive analysis of 82 cases between 14 and 64 years-old / Glomerulonefrite aguda após infecção de vias aéreas superiores ou pele: análise descritiva de 82 pacientes entre 14 e 64 anos de idade

INTRODUÇÃO: A glomerulonefrite aguda (GNA) após infecção de vias aéreas superiores ou pele é uma doença renal causada geralmente por cepas estreptocócicas nefritogênicas, podendo cursar com quadro súbito de hematúria macroscópica, hipertensão arterial, edema e, ocasionalmente, insuficiência renal aguda, sendo comum na infância e pouco incidente em adultos e indivíduos mais jovens. OBJETIVO: Analisar, de forma descritiva, os dados da apresentação inicial da GNA após infecção de vias aéreas superiores ou pele em pacientes com mais de 14 anos de idade, com ênfase em seus aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Foram analisados os dados clínicos de 82 pacientes, atendidos em nosso Serviço no período de 1972 a 2001, distribuídos em três grupos etários: grupo 1, com indivíduos entre 14 e 20 anos (n = 52); grupo 2, entre 21 e 30 anos (n = 19); e grupo 3, com idade > 31 anos (n = 11). RESULTADOS: Houve um predomínio do quadro entre pacientes mais jovens (grupo 1), do sexo masculino e da cor branca, precedido, principalmente, por infecção de pele, manifestando-se mais comumente por edema de membros inferiores e/ou face. Em alguns casos, até com síndrome nefrótica, e hipertensão arterial, sobretudo nos adultos com mais de 30 anos (grupo 3), sendo menos frequente o achado de hematúria macroscópica e, raramente, de insuficiência renal aguda. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos achados ressaltam a importância de se estudar a GNA após infecção de vias aéreas superiores ou pele em indivíduos mais jovens e adultos, procurando melhor caracterizar seus aspectos clínicos, sobretudo por se tratar de um grupo de pacientes no qual a doença é menos incidente.

INTRODUCTION: Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) after infection of the upper airways or skin is a kidney disease usually caused by streptococcal nephritogenic strains and may present with sudden onset of gross hematuria, hypertension, edema and, occasionally, acute renal failure, is common in childhood and little incident in adults and younger individuals. OBJECTIVE: To analyze, in a descriptive way, data from the initial presentation of GNA after infection of the upper airways or skin in patients over 14 years of age, with emphasis on its epidemiological and clinical aspects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the clinical data of 82 patients treated at our department during the period 1972-2001, divided into three groups: group 1, with individuals between 14 and 20 years (n = 52), group 2, between 21 and 30 years (n = 19) and group 3, aged >; 31 years (n = 11). RESULTS: There was a predominance of the table among younger patients (group 1), male and white, mostly preceded by infection of the skin, appearing most commonly on lower extremity edema and/or face. In some cases, even with nephrotic syndrome, and hypertension, especially in adults over 30 years (group 3), being the least frequent finding of gross hematuria, and rarely, acute renal failure. CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the importance of studying the AGN after infection of the upper airways or skin in younger individuals and adults, seeking to better characterize its clinical, mainly because it is a group of patients where the disease is less incident.

Renal transplantation outcomes: a comparative analysis between elderly and younger recipients.

Renal transplantation is presently the best treatment for end-stage renal disease, although considered contraindicated for elderly patients. However, more investigation is needed due to higher life expectancy rates of the general population and the increasing number of over 60-yr-old patients with chronic renal failure dependent upon dialysis. This study aims to determine graft and patient survival rates of renal transplant patients 60 yr and older compared to a younger group (50-59 yr old). Relevant pre- and post-transplant clinical data related to graft and patient survival in both groups were also investigated. Three-hundred and twenty consecutive renal transplant patients were enrolled in this study and grouped based on age at the time of the transplantation: one-hundred and ten patients at or over 60 yr old (elderly group) and 210 patients ranging from 50 to 59 yr old (younger group). There were no statistical differences in either group regarding clinical characteristics and immunological risk factors. The incidence of acute rejection was higher in the younger group (37.6%) than in the elderly (22.7%) (p = 0.01). Censored to death graft survivals at five yr were respectively 86.7% for patients > or = 60 yr and 82.1% for patients 50-59 yr old (p = 0.49). Patient survival rates at five yr were respectively 76.2% for patients > or = 60 yr and 81.6% for patients 50-59 yr old (p = 0.33). Our data show that renal transplantation for elderly patients has similar results to those found in younger individuals, which does not make age, in and of itself, a contraindication for transplantation.