RESUMO
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a disease that involves brain damage and is associated with neuroinflammation, mitochondrial damage, and cell aging. However, the pathogenic mechanism of PD is still unknown. Sequencing data and proteomic data can describe the fluctuation of molecular abundance in diseases at the mRNA level and protein level, respectively. In order to explore new targets in the pathogenesis of PD, the study analyzed molecular changes from the database by combining transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. Differentially expressed genes and differentially abundant proteins were summarized and analyzed. Enrichment and cluster analysis emphasized the importance of neurotransmitter release, mitochondrial damage, and vesicle transport. The molecular network revealed a subnetwork of 9 molecules related to SCNA and TH and revealed hub gene with differential expression at both mRNA and protein levels. It found that ACHE and CADPS could be used as new targets in PD, emphasizing that impaired nerve signal transmission and vesicle transport affect the pathogenesis of PD. Our research emphasized that the joint analysis and verification of transcriptomics and proteomics were devoted to understanding the comprehensive views and mechanism of pathogenesis in PD.
Assuntos
Doença de Parkinson/genética , Doença de Parkinson/metabolismo , Proteínas/genética , Proteínas/metabolismo , Substância Negra/metabolismo , Acetilcolinesterase/genética , Acetilcolinesterase/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/genética , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/metabolismo , Análise por Conglomerados , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/genética , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/metabolismo , Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Substância Negra/patologia , Transcriptoma , Proteínas de Transporte Vesicular/genética , Proteínas de Transporte Vesicular/metabolismoRESUMO
Researches on CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated genes) systems, that are adaptive immunity systems encoded by prokaryotes, have promoted the development of new genome-editing tools. Bacteriophages are not only the driving elements for the evolution of prokaryotes' CRISPR arrays, but also the targets of the CRISPR/Cas systems. Studies on functional genomics of bacteriophages have been lagging behind the discovery of new phage strains and the sequencing of their genomes. CRISPR/Cas systems-driven genome engineering of bacteriophages provides a novel approach for bacteriophage functional genomics. This review comments on a few profound cases of genome engineering of bacteriophages that employed the CRISPR/Cas systems, and compares multiple procedures illustrating common or distinct features as well as advantages and disadvantages underlying each procedure. We design new applications of the CRISPR/Cas systems coupled with bacteriophage recombination systems, discuss their potential constraints, and offer suggestions for each option.
Assuntos
Bacteriófagos/genética , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Engenharia Genética , Genoma Viral , Repetições Palindrômicas Curtas Agrupadas e Regularmente EspaçadasRESUMO
The phage display technology (PDT) was unique in genetic engineering and recombinant expression. The phage display systems (PDS) were platforms (kits) composed of genetic modified phages, helper phages, and host bacteria. This review concisely summarized the development of four types of PDS, based on M13, λ, T4, and T7 phages, in terms of phage molecular genetics and genetic (gene or genome) engineering. We addressed on the key components and their genetic (genomic) engineering for modifications, the technical features of different anchors, and the development progress and selection reference of those different kits.
