Case report: Disitamab vedotin combined with immunotherapy demonstrated excellent efficacy in scrotal Paget's disease with Her-2 overexpression.

Background: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare epithelial malignancy, and approximately 30%-40% of EMPD patients overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2). Currently, there are no established standard treatments for advanced EMPD while anti-Her-2 therapy is recommended for Her-2-positive cases. Case presentation: Here, we report a 51-year-old male diagnosed with advanced Her-2-positive EMPD, presenting with numerous lymph node metastases. This patient received disitamab vedotin (an antibody-drug conjugate, targeting Her-2) combined with serplulimab as first-line treatment. After seven cycles of combination therapy, the patient tolerated the treatment well and the lymph node lesions continued to shrink. However, the patient developed immunotherapy-related pneumonia following the eighth treatment. Hormone therapy was administered while all the anti-tumor therapies were halted. After the pneumonia improved, the patient underwent positron emission tomography-computed tomography, revealing a complete response to his tumor. To consolidate the effect, he received another five cycles of disitamab vedotin monotherapy as maintenance therapy, without experiencing any adverse events. To date, the patient has remained in good health without any recurrence 10 months after drug discontinuance. Conclusion: Disitamab vedotin combined with immunotherapy demonstrated a long-term clinical benefit in advanced Her-2-positive EMPD. For rare solid tumors with Her-2 overexpression, disitamab vedotin combined with immunotherapy might offer a viable therapeutic choice.

Regional transarterial chemoembolization combined with chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a retrospective study of a new combination.

Objectives: Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) has a high risk of distant metastasis (DM). Currently, many treatment courses of LARC have arisen, but patients' DM status has not significantly improved. This study was designed to compare the effect between preoperative regional transarterial chemoembolization combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and standard neoadjuvant therapy on preventing DM in patients with LARC. Methods: A total of 81 LARC patients between July 2013 and May 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Among them, 44 patients received preoperative regional transarterial chemoembolization combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (the interventional group), and 37 patients received only neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (the control group). The baseline data; preoperative toxicities; postoperative DM rate within 1, 2, and 3 years; and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results: All patients successfully completed their treatments. There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, gender, tumor size, distance between the tumor and anal verge, CEA level, lymphovascular invasion, or tumor stage before treatment. The pathological T staging post-treatment in the interventional group was significantly reduced compared to that of the control group (p = 0.025). There were no significant differences between groups in DM rates within 1 and 2 years after surgery. In terms of DM rate within 3 years after surgery, the interventional group was significantly lower than that of the control group (9.1% vs. 29.7%, p = 0.036). Conclusion: Preoperative regional transarterial chemoembolization combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy may play an important role in reducing postoperative DM in LARC.

[Rapid identification of variable star spectrum based on information entropy].

Variable star is very important for mankind studying cosmic origin and evolution. For studying variable star, the chief difficulty results from the filtration and identification of variable star, that is how to validly identify variable star spectra from large high-dimensional star spectra data. The traditional outlier definition tries to find the difference between the outlier data and the general model by different ways, and then the result is quantitatively analyzed and filtrated. However, the time complexity of this method is over size and its results are inscrutable and unaccountable. Information entropy is a measure of the uncertainty associated with a random variable. In the present paper, information entropy is imported as the standard of dataset common mode. A novel method is proposed to identify the variable star spectrum rapidly based on information entropy. The time complexity of this method is observably reduced and the man-made impact is effectively overcome. The preliminary experimental results based on Sloan star spectrum data show that the method is workable for rapid identification of variable star spectrum.