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Background: This pilot study measures pain perception, somatosensory amplification and its relationship to health anxiety in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and patients with FM and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); this study also examines the effects of OSA on pain perception in patients with FM. Methods: In this pilot study, patients diagnosed with FM or FM and OSA, completed three self-reported questionnaires: Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS), and Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ). Sleep study results were analyzed. Scores were summarized using medians and interquartile ranges and are compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Results: Overall FM (n = 25), female n=23 male n=3 mean age, 57.48 years. OSA n=17 (68%) and 8 (32%) were not. The SF-MPQ Sensory sub-scale scores and the SF-MPQ overall scores differed significantly between patients with and without OSA. The SF-MPQ Sensory sub-scale scores were significantly lower for patients with OSA (p=0.03), as were SF-MPQ overall scores (p=0.04). SSAS overall scores and IBQ overall scores did not differ significantly by OSA diagnosis. Correlations of the different dimensions of IBQ with SSAS and mean number of diagnoses in FM and FM+OSA, mean number of diagnoses in problem list of SSAS ≤30 was 29.5, mean number of diagnoses in SSAS ≥30 was 34.9. Discussion: Developing a better understanding of the effects of OSA on pain perception in patients with FM is needed for improved health status. More research is needed to see if higher pain perception and SSAS score lead to increased health care utilization and to evaluate the relationship between untreated disordered sleeping and pain perception in patients with FM. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the need for more research to evaluate the relationship between treated and untreated disordered sleeping, pain perception, somatization and illness behavior in the health status of individuals with FM.
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BACKGROUND: Grand rounds is a formal meeting at which physicians and trainees discuss excellence in medical care. Residents should participate in scholarly activity per Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). Consultation-Liaison (CL) psychiatry focuses on caring for patients presenting with psychiatric complications in general hospital. Post-residency subspecialty CL fellowship training plays a big role in creating future leaders in CL. Our program decided to conduct annual CL grand rounds fully allotted to discuss complex CL psychiatry cases in medical setting. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of resident's interest in pursuing CL fellowship. We compared the number of residents pursuing CL fellowship after the CL grand rounds to the previous years starting 2005 when CL was recognized as an ACGME approved subspecialty. We also compared our program residents pursuing CL psychiatry fellowship to national trend obtained from National Residency Matching Program (NRMP). RESULTS: From 2013 to 2018, CL grand rounds n=8, Number of residents graduated from 2013 to 2018 n=26. Number of residents pursued CL fellowship from 2013 to 2018 n=3 (11.5%) compared to no residents pursuing CL fellowship before 2013. Fisher's exact test to compare and examine the data from the residents pursuing CL fellowship after implementation of the CL grand rounds is 0.0668 (p value < 0.10). When combining all the available NRMP match results for CL from 2015 to 2019, a total of 531 positions were offered and 359 positions were filled (fill rate of 67.6%). In our program, after we implemented the annual CL grand rounds, 11.5% of the residents from 2013 to 2018 pursued CL fellowship, which is higher than the likely national average of 5.7%. CONCLUSION: Our residency program grand rounds educational module appears to nurture and sustain interest in CL subspecialty compared to previous years. Prospective studies are required.
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Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic medical condition characterized by widespread pain, sleep disturbance, and cognitive dysfunction. Sleep disorders are thought to play a prominent role in the etiology and symptomatic management of FM, specifically obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In order to provide collaborative care, we need a better understanding of any overlapping presentation of FM and OSA. We conducted a site-wide review of patients from 2012-2016 to identify FM patients diagnosed with OSA. Methods: Charts were reviewed in patients aged 18 and above from 2012-2016 using ICD codes from a clinical data repository. Intersection of patients with a diagnosis of FM and OSA in clinics of psychiatry, sleep, rheumatology, and other outpatient clinics was compared. Polysomnography order patterns for FM patients were investigated. Results: Co-morbidity was highest in the sleep clinic (85.8%) compared to psychiatry (42.0%), rheumatology (18.7%), and other outpatient clinics (3.6%) (p<0.001). In the rheumatology and other outpatient clinics, 93.5% and 96% of patients respectively, had no polysomnography ordered. Pairwise comparison of co-morbidity in clinics: sleep vs psychiatry, sleep vs rheumatology, sleep vs other clinics, psychiatry vs rheumatology, psychiatry vs other clinics, and rheumatology vs other clinics were statistically significant after applying a Sidak adjustment to the p-values (all p<0.001). Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that there could be a correlation between FM and OSA, and referral to sleep studies is recommended in the management of patients with FM. The varying prevalence of FM patients with co-morbid OSA in sleep clinics when compared to other outpatient clinics suggests a discrepancy in the identification of FM patients with OSA. When properly screened, OSA co-morbidity has the potential to be higher in other outpatient clinics.
