Interrogation of Functional Cell-Surface Markers Identifies CD151 Dependency in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.

The degree of genetic aberrations characteristic of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) makes identification of the molecular features that drive tumor progression difficult. Here, we perform genome-wide RNAi screens and comprehensive expression analysis of cell-surface markers in a panel of HGSC cell lines to identify genes that are critical to their survival. We report that the tetraspanin CD151 contributes to survival of a subset of HGSC cell lines associated with a ZEB transcriptional program and supports the growth of HGSC tumors. Moreover, we show that high CD151 expression is prognostic of poor clinical outcome. This study reveals cell-surface vulnerabilities associated with HGSC, provides a framework for identifying therapeutic targets, and reports a role for CD151 in HGSC.

Individual investigator profiles of biospecimen use in cancer research.

BACKGROUND: Establishing targets for case accrual is an important component of a strategic plan for a biobank. We have previously assessed overall patterns of biospecimen use in cancer research publications in selected journals. Here we extend this analysis to consider patterns of biospecimen use in relation to cancer research programs developed by individual investigators. METHODS: We selected three individual cancer research investigators whose independent research programs began circa 1986, have been characterized by extensive use of human tumor biospecimens, and have primarily involved translational research in the areas of breast, lung, and ovarian cancer. We analyzed biospecimen and data usage in their career publications categorized by numbers, type, and format, and accompanying annotating data in terms of conformance with BRISQ reporting and ethics related criteria. RESULTS: Biospecimens were used in 313/474 (66%) of publications analyzed. The average number of biospecimens used by these research programs increased six-fold from less than 1000 in 2001-2003 to greater than 6000 in 2010-2012, and the average cohort sizes per article also increased from approximately 50 to 200 cases per study over the same period in most biospecimen categories (p<0.05). The relative proportions of different formats of biospecimens used has varied significantly and continues to change with the emergence of digital biospecimen derived data. In these three translational research programs, BRISQ elements relating to 'Biobank' categories were significantly less well reported for biospecimens used in publications than data corresponding to 'Clinical chart' categories (p<0001). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that overall use of biospecimens in cancer research has increased significantly and that dynamic variation in the relative use of different biospecimen formats has also occurred. This study also confirms our previous findings on patterns of biospecimen use and also those concerning incomplete reporting of relevant data elements that has not improved in the past decade.