Femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis with topography-guided or asphericity-adjusted derived data: a comparative contralateral eye study.

BACKGROUND: Wavefront-optimized laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) ablation is the most commonly performed procedure in refractive surgery, but new technologies have become available. Our goal was to compare topography-guided (Contoura) and asphericity-guided (Custom-Q) customized ablation treatments for the correction of myopia with or without astigmatism. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, double-blind, contralateral eye study included 60 eyes of 30 patients with myopia or myopic astigmatism requiring femtosecond LASIK (FemtoLASIK) treatment. For each patient, one eye was randomized to undergo Contoura treatment, and the other underwent Custom-Q abaltion. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), sphere (SPH), cylinder (CYL), 6.0-mm total corneal aberration root mean square (RMS), coma (COMA), trefoil (TREF), and spherical aberration (SA) were measured and analysed after a 1-year follow-up. RESULTS: The UDVA was - 0.08 ± 0.06 logMAR in Contoura eyes and - 0.08 ± 0.05 logMAR in Custom-Q eyes (p = 0.309) after 12 months. Twenty-five eyes (83%) in the Contoura group and twenty-six eyes (87%) in the Custom-Q group had a UDVA of 20/16 at the end of 12 months, and 100% of eyes in both groups reached a UDVA of 20/25 or better. Ninety and 100% of eyes in the Contoura and Custom-Q groups, respectively, achieved a residual CYL ≤0.50 D (p = 0.237). No statistically significant difference was observed between the surgical techniques in the preoperative to 1-year postoperative changes for any of the parameters evaluated (MRSE, CYL, RMS, DEF, COMA, TREF, and SA). CONCLUSIONS: The Contoura and Custom-Q techniques yielded excellent visual and refractive results, but the evidence did not reveal any clear differences between these two methods after 1 year of follow-up. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ReBEC - Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos [Internet]: Rio de Janeiro (RJ): Instituto de Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde (Brazil); 2010 -. Identifier RBR-8rs5kt Myopia and Astigmatism Topography-guided Refractive Surgery by Contoura Method Versus Customized by Asphericity in Contralateral Eyes: A prospective Double blind Randomized Study. Available from https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-8rs5kt Date of registration: 02/03/2020 (dd/mm/yyyy). CAAE:96778718.9.0000.5192. Issuing authority: Plataforma Brasil. CEP:2.979.279. Issuing authority: HUOC.

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Criminal Behavior Among Illicit Drug Users: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Studies indicate high rates of criminal behavior, violent activities, and legal problems among illicit drug users (IDU) in Brazil. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with criminal behavior among IDU undergoing treatment for chemical dependency in Central Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with IDU undergoing treatment for chemical dependence. Data were collected by means of face-to-face interviews and analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the total participants (n = 274), 46.7%, 15.7%, and 10.9% reported involvement in robbery, drug trafficking and homicide, respectively. Robbery was associated with young age, withdrawal symptoms, prison record, sex work, and crack use, while drug trafficking was associated with young age, low education, and marijuana use. Homicides were associated with cocaine and marijuana use. CONCLUSION: The results show high rates of criminal behavior among drug users, demonstrating associations between socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics, illicit drug use, and practices of illegal activities. These variables must be considered when planning programs and policies to reduce harm related to drug use and abuse.

Edema cistoide de mácula pós-LASIK tratado com ranibizumabe / Macular edema post-LASIK treated with ranibizumab

Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente que desenvolveu edema cistóide de mácula pós-cirurgia para correção de miopia pelo método LASIK. Foi submetida a tratamento com injeções intravítrea de ranibizumabe e apresentou resultado visual satisfatório.

The authors report the case of a patient who developed cystoid macular edema after surgery for myopia by LASIK method. She was treated with intravitreal injections of ranibizumab and presented satisfactory visual result.

Atrofia cortical na esclerose lateral amiotrofica: contribuicao para o estudo da forma demencial

Dois aspectos importantes da esclerose lateral amiotrofica (ELA) foram estudados neste trabalho, do ponto de vista clinico e anatomopatologico: os disturbios mentais e a atrofia cortical. Os nove casos da serie, exceto um (caso 8), foram submetidos a necropsia, tanto para confirmacao diagnostica, quanto para exame da cortex cerebral (principalmente regioes anteriores dos lobos frontais e temporais). No caso 8 o diagnostico anatomopatologico da atrofia cortical foi feito atraves da biopsia. Atrofia cortical de moderada intensidade foi encontrada em sete casos, sobretudo na regiao anterior do lobo frontal (regiao examinada). Espongiose superficial (camadas 2 e 3) foi encontrada em quatro casos. A tomografia computadorizada cerebral (TCC) demonstrou atrofia cortical nos dois casos (8 e 9) em que foi realizada. Demencia foi diagnosticada em tres casos (1, 8 e 9) associada a atrofia cortical como importante manifestacao clinica, precedendo, em dois casos (1 e 9), os disturbios neurologicos classicos. Os achados clinicos e anatomopatologicos demonstraram a relacao entre o processo patologico basico, a atrofia cortical e a manifestacao demencial na doenca de Charcot.

Proposta de implantação de grupo para gestantes na Estratégia de Saúde da Família Capão Novo, Capão da Canoa - RS

A gestação é considerada como um momento singular na vida da mulher, o qual envolve vários aspectos novos no seu cotidiano e requer uma adaptação à chegada de um novo membro da família, constituindo-se um momento de maior vulnerabilidade e, ao mesmo tempo, propício para o desenvolvimento de ações preventivas e de promoção à saúde. O acompanhamento pré-natal visa assegurar o desenvolvimento da gestação, permitindo o parto de um recém-nascido saudável, sem impacto para a saúde materna. A atenção à saúde da mulher é uma prioridade pelas altas taxas de morbimortalidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar uma proposta de intervenção para a implantação de um grupo de gestantes na Estratégia de Saúde da Família Capão Novo, com o objetivo de desenvolver ações educativas na atenção à saúde das gestantes.