Effects of a potentially erosive antiasthmatic medicine on the enamel and dentin of primary teeth: An in situ study.

This study evaluates, in situ, the effect of an anti-asthmatic medicine on the enamel and dentin of primary teeth. Twenty-eight specimens of enamel and dentin were prepared, selected, sterilized, and stored. Microhardness, microscopic morphology, and initial surface roughness were evaluated. Fourteen volunteers wore palatal devices containing two dentin specimens and two enamel specimens. Volunteers underwent surface treatment three times a day for 5 days, with the dripping of 5 ml of salbutamol sulfate for 1 min, only on specimens from one side of the device. At the end of the experiment the microscopic morphology, roughness, surface loss, and microhardness were ascertained. For enamel surfaces exposed to the medicine, erosion was observed in the microscopy images, along with a significant increase in roughness (p = .0325) and tissue loss (p = .03251) and a significant decrease in microhardness (p = .0325). For the dentin surfaces, erosion was observed in the microscopy images, but there was no significant increase in roughness (p = .593) or tissue loss (p = .285) nor any decrease in microhardness (p = .1088). In conclusion, the salbutamol sulfate had an in situ erosive effect on primary teeth enamel and this effect was observed morphologically on primary dentin. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Asthma is considered a global health problem, and its prevalence has increased in many countries, especially among children, as well as dental erosion. This study has clinical relevance because provides data on the erosive effect of a commonly prescribed anti asthmatic drug on deciduous teeth.

Bond Strength of a Bisphenol-A-Free Fissure Sealant With and Without Adhesive Layer under Conditions of Saliva Contamination

Abstract Dental sealants are important for prevention of carious lesions, if they have good shear strength. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of two sealants to saliva-contaminated and non-contaminated enamel with and without an intermediate adhesive layer underneath the sealant. Ninety flat enamel surfaces from human third molars were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n=15): F (control): Fluroshield(tm) sealant; EWB (control): Embrace(tm) WetBond(tm); SB/F: Single Bond adhesive system + F; SB/EWB, s-SB/F and s-SB/EWB. In the s-SB/F and s-SB/EWB groups, the acid-etched enamel was contaminated with 0.01 mL of fresh human saliva for 20 s. Sealant cylinders were bonded to enamel surface with and without an intermediate adhesive system layer. The shear tests were performed using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min). Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). F presented higher mean SBS than EWB in all experimental conditions. The lowest SBS mean was obtained for EWB on contaminated enamel (p<0.05). In conclusion, an adhesive system layer should be used prior to sealant placement, in both dry and saliva-contaminated enamel. F had the best performance in all experimental conditions. EWB sealant showed very low results, but an adhesive layer underneath the sealant increased its SBS even after salivary contamination.

Resumo Selantes dentários são importantes para a prevenção de lesões de cárie desde que tenham boa resistência ao cisalhamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resistência ao cisalhamento (SBS), de dois selantes em esmalte contaminado e não contaminado com saliva, com e sem uma camada adesiva intermediária sob o selante. Noventa superfícies de esmalte de terceiros molares humanos foram planificadas e divididas aleatoriamente em 6 grupos (n=15): F (controle): selante Fluroshield(tm); EWB (controle): Embrace(tm) WetBond(tm); SB/F: sistema adesivo Single Bond + F; SB/EWB, s-SB/F and s-SB/EWB. Nos grupos s-SB/F e s-SB/EWB, a contaminação do esmalte condicionado foi obtida com 0,01 mL de saliva humana fresca durante 20 s. Cilindros de selante foram colocados sobre a superfície do esmalte com e sem uma camada de sistema adesivo intermediária. Os ensaios de cisalhamento foram realizados utilizando uma máquina universal de ensaios (0,5 mm/min). Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney (?#61537;=0,05). F apresentou valores médios de SBS maiores do que EWB em todas as condições experimentais. O menor valor médio de SBS foi obtido pelo EWB em esmalte contaminado (p<0,05). Em conclusão, uma camada de sistema de adesivo deve ser utilizada antes da colocação do selante, tanto em superfície seca quanto contaminada por saliva. F teve o melhor desempenho em todas as condições experimentais. O selante EWB apresentou resultados insatisfatórios, porém o uso de uma camada adesiva abaixo do selante aumentou sua SBS, mesmo após a contaminação salivar.

Bond Strength of a Bisphenol-A-Free Fissure Sealant With and Without Adhesive Layer under Conditions of Saliva Contamination.

Dental sealants are important for prevention of carious lesions, if they have good shear strength. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of two sealants to saliva-contaminated and non-contaminated enamel with and without an intermediate adhesive layer underneath the sealant. Ninety flat enamel surfaces from human third molars were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n=15): F (control): Fluroshield(tm) sealant; EWB (control): Embrace(tm) WetBond(tm); SB/F: Single Bond adhesive system + F; SB/EWB, s-SB/F and s-SB/EWB. In the s-SB/F and s-SB/EWB groups, the acid-etched enamel was contaminated with 0.01 mL of fresh human saliva for 20 s. Sealant cylinders were bonded to enamel surface with and without an intermediate adhesive system layer. The shear tests were performed using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min). Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). F presented higher mean SBS than EWB in all experimental conditions. The lowest SBS mean was obtained for EWB on contaminated enamel (p<0.05). In conclusion, an adhesive system layer should be used prior to sealant placement, in both dry and saliva-contaminated enamel. F had the best performance in all experimental conditions. EWB sealant showed very low results, but an adhesive layer underneath the sealant increased its SBS even after salivary contamination.

Development of an intraoral device for social inclusion of a physically disabled patient.

The aim of this study is to describe the use of an intraoral assistive technology for a patient with idiopathic generalized muscular dystonia, presenting temporomandibular disorder and severe anterior tooth mobility and diastema. A multidisciplinary team developed an intraoral device to provide typing and painting functions, and promote relaxation of masticatory muscles without compromising the teeth and supporting tissue structures. The occlusal splint associated with the device promoted muscle relaxation and relief of the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction, in this case with generalized muscle dystonia, allowing typing and painting with her mouth without causing tooth mobility or occlusal alteration. This intraoral device has low cost, easy adaptation and was efficient in TMD symptoms. Furthermore, the patient returned to her rehabilitation allowing performance of her duties without compromising dental structures, facilitating the social and the digital inclusion.

Effect of foods and drinks on primary tooth enamel after erosive challenge with hydrochloric acid.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of industrialised foods and drinks on primary tooth enamel previously eroded with hydrochloric acid (HCl). The crowns of one hundred two specimens were subjected to an erosive challenge with HCl and randomly divided into six groups (n = 17): Chocolate Milk (Toddynho® - Pepsico) - negative control; Petit Suisse Yogurt (Danoninho® - Danone); Strawberry Yogurt (Vigor); Apple puree (Nestlé); Fermented Milk (Yakult® - Yakult); and Home Squeezed Style Orange Juice (del Valle) - positive control. The 28-day immersion cycles for the test products were performed twice daily and were interspersed with exposure of the test substrate to artificial saliva. Measurements of enamel surface microhardness (SMH) were performed initially, after immersion in HCl and at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of experimentation. A two-way ANOVA, according to a split-plot design, followed by the sum of squares decomposition and Tukey's test, revealed a significant effect for the interaction between Foods and Drinks and Length of Exposure (p < 0.00001). Orange juice resulted in greater mineral loss of enamel after 28 days. None of the test products was associated with recovery of tooth enamel microhardness.

Changes in caries risk and activity of a 9-year-old patient with niemann-pick disease type C.

Objective. This case report describes the changes in caries risk and activity and dental treatment of a 9-year-old patient who presented with signs and symptoms of Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC). Treatment. The preventive dental treatment included instructions to caregivers for oral hygiene and diet. A calcium hydroxide pulpotomy and restorative dental treatments were performed in a dental office with desensitization techniques and behavioral management. The patient was attended every 3 months for the control of dental plaque biofilm, for topical fluoride application, and for observing the pulpotomized tooth. Results. The bacterial plaque biofilm was being adequately controlled by the caregiver. After 2 years, the clinical and radiographic examination of the pulpotomized tooth showed the absence of internal root resorption and bone rarefaction, and clinical examination showed tooth sensitivity, dental pain, and gingival swelling. Conclusion. The pulpotomy prevented clinical and radiographic success. Dentists must be aware of and be able to identify systemic and local aspects associated with caries risk of children with NPC disease. Furthermore, dentists must employ stringent preventive measures and provide instructions to caregivers to reduce caries risk.

Effect of foods and drinks on primary tooth enamel after erosive challenge with hydrochloric acid

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of industrialised foods and drinks on primary tooth enamel previously eroded with hydrochloric acid (HCl). The crowns of one hundred two specimens were subjected to an erosive challenge with HCl and randomly divided into six groups (n = 17): Chocolate Milk (Toddynho® - Pepsico) - negative control; Petit Suisse Yogurt (Danoninho® - Danone); Strawberry Yogurt (Vigor); Apple puree (Nestlé); Fermented Milk (Yakult® - Yakult); and Home Squeezed Style Orange Juice (del Valle) - positive control. The 28-day immersion cycles for the test products were performed twice daily and were interspersed with exposure of the test substrate to artificial saliva. Measurements of enamel surface microhardness (SMH) were performed initially, after immersion in HCl and at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of experimentation. A two-way ANOVA, according to a split-plot design, followed by the sum of squares decomposition and Tukey’s test, revealed a significant effect for the interaction between Foods and Drinks and Length of Exposure (p < 0.00001). Orange juice resulted in greater mineral loss of enamel after 28 days. None of the test products was associated with recovery of tooth enamel microhardness.