RESUMO
PURPOSE: This report analyzed the outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to identify the value of prognostic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 525 patients were studied who had undergone surgery for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) between 2000 and 2011, of whom 222 had received postoperative radiation-therapy (PORT) and or chemoradiation-therapy (PORTC). For each patient, personal data, histological findings, treatment and outcome were recorded and analyzed statistically. Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier algorithm, and the difference in survival among subgroups was examined. RESULTS: The overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) 5-year survival rate in the 525 patients were respectively 71.38% and 73.18%. The differences in the overall survival and disease-specific 5-year survival were significant (p < 0.05) for age < 40 years, site of origin, N status, staging, grading, osseous medullar infiltration, and perineural invasion. In patients undergoing radiation therapy, only perineural invasion negatively influenced the survival prognosis. In 150 pT1 cases of tongue and floor-of-mouth cancer, an infiltration depth (ID) > 4 mm was statistically correlated with poorer prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate an improvement in the 5-year OS and DSS rates during the past decade compared with the previous decade. Univariate analysis revealed that age, tumor staging, and lymph node involvement, extracapsular spread, grading, perineurial invasion, infiltration depth, and osseus medullary invasion were associated significantly with overall survival and disease-specific survival.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Bucais/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Quimiorradioterapia , Feminino , Humanos , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais/mortalidade , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Taxa de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Tn5401 is a class II transposable element derived from the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. The 4,837-bp transposon encodes a Tn3-like transposase (TnpA) and an integrase-like recombinase (TnpI) and is notable for its unusually long 53-bp terminal inverted repeats (TIRs). The tnpA and tnpI genes are transcribed from a common promoter, designated P(R), that is subject to negative regulation by TnpI. The TIRs of Tn5401 each contain a 38-bp sequence that can be aligned with the 38- to 40-bp TIR sequences of Tn3-like transposons and an adjacent 12-bp sequence that binds TnpI. This unique juxtaposition of TnpA and TnpI binding sites suggests that TnpI may regulate the binding or catalytic activity of TnpA. The results of the present study indicate that TnpI, in addition to functioning as a site-specific recombinase and as a transcriptional repressor, is required for TnpA binding to the TIRs of Tn5401.
Assuntos
Bacillus thuringiensis/genética , DNA Nucleotidiltransferases/metabolismo , Elementos de DNA Transponíveis , Recombinação Genética , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Transposases/metabolismo , Bacillus thuringiensis/metabolismo , Sequência de Bases , Conjugação Genética , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutação , Ligação Proteica , Recombinases , Transposon ResolvasesRESUMO
The transformation efficiency of Bacillus thuringiensis depends upon the source of plasmid DNA. DNA isolated from B. thuringiensis, Bacillus megaterium, or a Dam- Dcm- Escherichia coli strain efficiently transformed several B. thuringiensis strains, B. thuringiensis strains were grouped according to which B. thuringiensis backgrounds were suitable sources of DNA for transformation of other B. thuringiensis strains, suggesting that B. thuringiensis strains differ in DNA modification and restriction. Efficient transformation allowed the demonstration of developmental regulation of cloned crystal protein genes in B. thuringiensis.
Assuntos
Bacillus thuringiensis/genética , Plasmídeos , Transformação Bacteriana , Bacillus thuringiensis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bacillus thuringiensis/fisiologia , Western Blotting , Clonagem Molecular , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Bacteriano/metabolismo , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica , Genes Bacterianos , Metilação , Esporos BacterianosRESUMO
Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin (crystal protein) genes are normally expressed only during sporulation. It is possible to produce crystal protein during vegetative growth by placing B. thuringiensis crystal protein genes downstream of a strong vegetative promoter. By removing a possible transcriptional terminator of the tetracycline resistance gene of pBC16 and inserting a multiple cloning site, delta-endotoxin genes can be cloned downstream from the tetracycline resistance gene promoter. This construct allows for readthrough transcription from the strong vegetative promoter. Crystal protein is then produced during vegetative growth as well as during sporulation in both B. thuringiensis and Bacillus megaterium. This construct also allows for production of delta-endotoxin in B. thuringiensis strains that do not normally produce delta-endotoxin because of a defect in sporulation.
