RESUMO
The lecture contains information on terminology, etiology and pathogenesis of stroke in children. The current statistics on the incidence of stroke in the pediatric population, prognosis and principles of early diagnosis are presented. Different states, complicating stroke in children are described.
RESUMO
The case of trigeminal neuralgia and ipsilateral hemifacial spasm--painful tic convulsif--is presented. Microsurgical exploration revealed compression of the fifth and seventh cranial nerves by a tortuous contralateral vertebral artery. Neurovascular decompression of the roots entry/exit zone completely relieved preoperative facial pain and spasm.
Assuntos
Nervos Cranianos/cirurgia , Músculos Faciais , Espasmo/etiologia , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/etiologia , Artéria Vertebral/anormalidades , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Microcirurgia , Espasmo/cirurgia , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/cirurgia , Artéria Vertebral/cirurgiaRESUMO
Adolapin is a basic polypeptide (M. W. 11500) isolated from bee venom. It showed marked antiinflammatory and analgetic properties and inhibited cyclooxygenase. It was found that adolapin inhibited also the activity of bee venom phospholipase A2 (7 nmole/ml producing about 80% inhibition of 2.5 nmole/ml phospholipase). In addition it inhibited the lipoxygenase from human platelets (4.5 nmole/ml inhibited about 80% of the activity of 0.8 mg protein/ml). Adolapin (20 micrograms/kg) caused an elevation of c-GMP level in rat spleen and brain as well as a decrease of c-AMP in rat spleen. Adolapin was tested by the "tail flick" method which allowed the demonstration of its analgetic action. The partial inhibition of the analgetic effect of adolapin induced by naloxon, proved the participation of a central mechanism of action. Similar to other nonsteroid analgetics, adolapin displayed antipyretic effect (40 micrograms/kg caused an inhibition of the mean temperature rise about 62%.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Plaquetas/enzimologia , Inibidores de Lipoxigenase , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Fosfolipases A/antagonistas & inibidores , Fosfolipases/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Química Encefálica/efeitos dos fármacos , AMP Cíclico/análise , GMP Cíclico/análise , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular , Fosfolipases A2 , Baço/análiseRESUMO
The paper deals with the experimental testing of drugs for immunotoxicity. Pharmacological substances used in the medical practice for long periods of time have been studied. The preliminary screening of drugs for possible immunotoxic effect consists of examination of its effects on the weight of lymphoid organs (spleen and thymus), on antibody production (plaque-forming cells and serum hemagglutinins), on serum levels of IgG and IgM and on serum complement (in vivo and in vitro). The toxicological appraisal of the results from this first step screening gives ground for further and more detailed studies on the substances that present interesting properties with regard to the modification of immune system.
Assuntos
Imunidade/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Formação de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas do Sistema Complemento/metabolismo , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Feminino , Cobaias , Imunoglobulina G/metabolismo , Imunoglobulina M/metabolismo , Tecido Linfoide/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Timo/efeitos dos fármacos , Toxicologia/métodosRESUMO
The paper deals with the rare adverse reactions following administration of normal human immunoglobulins in Bulgaria. Experimental work has shown that such lots cause hypotensive effect in cats and lead to the release of pharmacologically active substances, measured biologically and spectrofluorometrically. The same immunoglobulins give two peaks of IgG aggregates by gel-chromatography and possess high anti-complementary activity. The possible relation between hypotensive effect in cats and reactions in children is discussed.
