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1.
Nefrología (Madrid) ; 41(6): 640-651, nov.-dic. 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227951

RESUMO

Antecedentes y objetivo: Mantener niveles adecuados de fósforo sérico en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica es fundamental para su correcto manejo clínico. Sin embargo resulta difícil su control de forma aislada porque normalmente se asocian con aumentos séricos de hormona paratiroidea (PTH). En el presente estudio se analizaron los efectos de la hiperfosfatemia aislada, en presencia de PTH elevada y normal, sobre la inflamación, hipertrofia y fibrosis cardíaca en un modelo de insuficiencia renal experimental. Materiales y métodos: Se formaron cuatro grupos de ratas. A dos grupos se les realizó paratiroidectomía total (PTx). A las ratas con Ca < 7,5 mg/dL y PTH < 50 pg/mL se les realizó nefrectomía 7/8 (IRC) y se les colocó un pellet subcutáneo que libera PTH 1-34 (5 μg/kg/día). Un grupo recibió dieta con P normal (PN) (grupo IRC + PTx + rPTH + PN) y otro dieta con P alto (0,9% PA) (grupo IRC + PTx + rPTH + PA). Otros dos grupos que solo tenían IRC recibieron dieta PN (IRC + PN) y PA (IRC + PA). Se añadió también un grupo SHAM para nefrectomía y paratiroidectomía. Tras 14 semanas las ratas fueron sacrificadas. Resultados: Los grupos con dieta alta en fósforo (IRC + PA e IRC + PTx + rPTH + PA) tuvieron una reducción significativa del aclaramiento de creatinina y también del peso corporal, con un aumento del fósforo sérico independientemente de la paratiroidectomía, pero no así con los niveles séricos de calcio, FGF23 y de calcitriol que fueron 2-3 veces superiores en el grupo con hiperparatiroidismo secundario (IRC + PA). El diámetro de los cardiomiocitos fue superior en el grupo IRC + PA, mientras la paratiroidectomía (IRC + PTx + rPTH + PA) los redujo significativamente, a pesar de los elevados y similares valores de fósforo sérico. El TNF-α, Adam17 y la fibrosis cardíaca a nivel histológico y molecular mostraron un patrón similar con aumentos en el grupo con hiperparatiroidismo secundario severo (IRC + PA). (AU)


Background and objective: Adequate serum phosphorus levels in patients with chronic kidney disease is essential for their clinical management. However, the control of hyperphosphatemia is difficult because is normally associated with increases in serum PTH. In the present study, the effects of hyperphosphatemia, in the presence of elevated and normal PTH, on cardiac inflammation, hypertrophy and fibrosis in an experimental renal failure model were analyzed. Materials and methods: Four groups of rats were formed. Two groups underwent total parathyroidectomy (PTx). Rats with Ca < 7.5 mg/dL and PTH < 50 pg/mL underwent 7/8 nephrectomy (CRF) and a subcutaneous pellet was placed that releases PTH 1-34 (5 μg/kg/day). One group received a diet with normal P (NP) (CRF + PTx + rPTH + NP group) and another with a high P diet (0.9% HP) (CRF + PTx + rPTH + HP group). Other two groups that only had CRF received NP (CRF + NP) and HP (CRF + HP) diet. A SHAM group for nephrectomy and parathyroidectomy was also added. After 14 weeks the rats were sacrificed. Results: The groups with a diet high in phosphorus (CRF + H A and CRF + PTx + rPTH + HP) had a significant reduction in creatinine clearance and also in body weight with an increase in serum phosphorus regardless of parathyroidectomy, but not serum levels of calcium, FGF23 and calcitriol that were 2-3 times higher in the group with secondary hyperparathyroidism (CRF + HP). The diameter of the cardiomyocytes was greater in the CRF + HP group, while parathyroidectomy (CRF + PTx + rPTH + HP) significantly reduced them, despite the high and similar serum phosphorus values. TNF-α, Adam17 and cardiac fibrosis at the histological and molecular level showed a similar pattern with increases in the group with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (CRF + HP). (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Hiperfosfatemia , Hormônio Paratireóideo/efeitos adversos , Hipertrofia , Fibrose , Inflamação
2.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed) ; 2021 Mar 11.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33715866

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Adequate serum phosphorus levels in patients with chronic kidney disease is essential for their clinical management. However, the control of hyperphosphatemia is difficult because is normally associated with increases in serum PTH. In the present study, the effects of hyperphosphatemia, in the presence of elevated and normal PTH, on cardiac inflammation, hypertrophy and fibrosis in an experimental renal failure model were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four groups of rats were formed. Two groups underwent total parathyroidectomy (PTx). Rats with Ca < 7.5 mg/dL and PTH < 50 pg/mL underwent 7/8 nephrectomy (CRF) and a subcutaneous pellet was placed that releases PTH 1-34 (5 µg/kg/day). One group received a diet with normal P (NP) (CRF + PTx + rPTH + NP group) and another with a high P diet (0.9% HP) (CRF + PTx + rPTH + HP group). Other two groups that only had CRF received NP (CRF + NP) and HP (CRF + HP) diet. A SHAM group for nephrectomy and parathyroidectomy was also added. After 14 weeks the rats were sacrificed. RESULTS: The groups with a diet high in phosphorus (CRF + H A and CRF + PTx + rPTH + HP) had a significant reduction in creatinine clearance and also in body weight with an increase in serum phosphorus regardless of parathyroidectomy, but not serum levels of calcium, FGF23 and calcitriol that were 2-3 times higher in the group with secondary hyperparathyroidism (CRF + HP). The diameter of the cardiomyocytes was greater in the CRF + HP group, while parathyroidectomy (CRF + PTx + rPTH + HP) significantly reduced them, despite the high and similar serum phosphorus values. TNF-α, Adam17 and cardiac fibrosis at the histological and molecular level showed a similar pattern with increases in the group with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (CRF + HP). CONCLUSIONS: Hyperphosphatemia confirmed its importance in the genesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism, but also of kidney damage that was independent of PTH levels. However, inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte growth were more closely related to PTH levels, since in the presence of similar severe hyperphosphatemia, parathyroidectomy reduced the values of inflammatory parameters, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis.

3.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed) ; 41(6): 640-651, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36165154

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Adequate serum phosphorus levels in patients with chronic kidney disease is essential for their clinical management. However, the control of hyperphosphatemia is difficult because is normally associated with increases in serum PTH. In the present study, the effects of hyperphosphatemia, in the presence of elevated and normal PTH, on cardiac inflammation, hypertrophy and fibrosis in an experimental renal failure model were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 4 groups of rats were formed. Two groups underwent total parathyroidectomy (PTx). Rats with Ca <7.5 mg/dL and PTH < 50 pg/mL underwent 7/8 nephrectomy (CRF) and a subcutaneous pellet was placed that releases PTH 1-34 (5 µg/kg/day). One group received a diet with normal P (NP) (CRF + PTx + rPTH + NP group) and another with a high P diet (0.9% - HP) (CRF + PTx + rPTH + HP group). Other 2 groups that only had CRF received NP (CRF + NP) and HP (CRF + HP) diet. A SHAM group for nephrectomy and parathyroidectomy was also added. After 14 weeks the rats were sacrificed. RESULTS: The groups with a diet high in phosphorus (CRF + H A and CRF + PTx + rPTH + HP) had a significant reduction in creatinine clearance and also in body weight with an increase in serum phosphorus regardless of parathyroidectomy, but not serum levels of calcium, FGF23 and calcitriol that were 2-3 times higher in the group with secondary hyperparathyroidism (CRF + HP). The diameter of the cardiomyocytes was greater in the CRF + HP group, while parathyroidectomy (CRF + PTx + rPTH + HP) significantly reduced them, despite the high and similar serum phosphorus values. TNF-α, Adam17 and cardiac fibrosis at the histological and molecular level showed a similar pattern with increases in the group with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (CRF + HP). CONCLUSIONS: Hyperphosphatemia confirmed its importance in the genesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism, but also of kidney damage that was independent of PTH levels. However, inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte growth were more closely related to PTH levels, since in the presence of similar severe hyperphosphatemia, parathyroidectomy reduced the values ​​of inflammatory parameters, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis.


Assuntos
Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário , Hiperfosfatemia , Falência Renal Crônica , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Animais , Calcitriol , Cálcio , Cardiomegalia/complicações , Creatinina , Fibrose , Humanos , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/complicações , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/cirurgia , Hiperfosfatemia/etiologia , Inflamação , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Modelos Teóricos , Fósforo , Ratos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa
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