Metabolic Imbalance and Vitamin D Deficiency in Type 1 Diabetes in the Algerian Population.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess Vitamin D levels in patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and to investigate the correlation between vitamin D and metabolic imbalance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For our study, we selected thirty-one patients with T1D without complications and fifty-seven healthy controls. Diabetic patients were diagnosed using the criteria of the World Health Organization/American Diabetes Association. Vitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), insulin and C peptide assay were performed using chimilunescence. Glucose level, lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and ionogram were also analysed. RESULTS: Vitamin D, HbA1c and Gly levels were found to be significant in T1D patients than in controls (P<0.5). However, for PTH, no significant difference was observed (P > 0. 05) and the results show a non-significant difference of total cholesterol potassium, sodium, phosphor and calcium concentration averages. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the deficiency of VD is associated with an increased risk of T1DM in Algerian population.

Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) Genes Association in Type 1 Diabetic Nephropathy.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy is a common worldwide multifactorial disease where involvement of genetic factors is well etablished. The aim of this study was to investigate the HLA genes implication in the development of type 1 diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: We performed a case- control study where one hundred and fifty subjects were examined. Patients were divided in two groups; with and without type 1 diabetic nephropathy. HLA typing was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction- Sequence Specific Oligonucleotide (PCR- SSO) method. HLA association to clinical phenotype and HLA haplotype analysis was also investigated. RESULTS: HLA B*51 is increased in patients without type 1 diabetic nephropathy (7.14% vs. 0 %, P <0.05, OR= 0), however no other studied alleles seem to have any effect (all P>0.05). Haplotype analysis also does not reveal any significant association, however, A*02-B*18-DRB1*03-DQA1*05- DQB1*03 haplotype shows a tendency to be associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest a protective effect of HLA B*51 allele from type 1 diabetic nephropathy. However, further studies are required in order to clarify its potential implication as a protective marker.