RESUMO
We draw attention to recent high-explosive (HE) experiments which provide compression of macroscopic amount of matter to high, even record, values of pressure in comparison with other HE experiments. The observed bounce after the compression corresponds to processes in core-collapse supernova explosions after neutrino trapping. Conditions provided in the experiments resemble those in core-collapse supernovae, permitting their use for laboratory astrophysics. A unique feature of the experiments is compression at low entropy. The values of specific entropy are close to those obtained in numerical simulations during the process of collapse in supernova explosions, and much lower than those obtained at laser ignition facilities, another type of high-compression experiment. Both in supernovae and HE experiments the bounce occurs at low entropy, so the HE experiments provide a new platform to realize some supernova collapse effects in laboratory, especially to study hydrodynamics of collapsing flows and the bounce. Due to the good resolution of diagnostics in the compression of macroscopic amounts of material with essential effects of nonideal plasma in EOS, and observed development of 3D instabilities, these experiments may serve as a useful benchmark for astrophysical hydrodynamic codes.
RESUMO
The effect of the diterpene glycoside stevioside and high concentrations of heavy metals on the molecular heterogeneity of lectins was studied in seedlings of Kazanskaya 560 winter wheat cultivar. Stevioside induced the emergence of a new 45-kDa lectin. Cultivation of wheat seedlings in CdSO4 and ZnSO4 solutions resulted in the emergence of the protein with Mr = 88 kDa. We detected the presence of both lectins in seedlings during combined treatment with stevioside and heavy metals.
Assuntos
Cádmio/farmacologia , Diterpenos do Tipo Caurano/farmacologia , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Lectinas de Plantas/química , Triticum/efeitos dos fármacos , Zinco/farmacologia , Cádmio/toxicidade , Lectinas de Plantas/metabolismo , Plântula/efeitos dos fármacos , Plântula/metabolismo , Triticum/metabolismo , Zinco/toxicidadeRESUMO
High-explosive driven generators of cylindrical and plane shock waves in D2 and H2 were used for the generation of warm and dense strongly nonideal matter with an intense interparticle interaction and Fermi statistics. Highly resolved flash x-ray diagnostics were used to measure the adiabatic plasma compressibility. The thermodynamic measurements demonstrated the 20% increase of density at megabar pressure, just in the density range, where the electrical measurements indicated a sharp--5 orders of magnitude--increase of electrical conductivity due to pressure ionization in strongly coupled plasmas.
