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1.
Vestn Oftalmol ; 130(3): 3-8, 2014.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25098113

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To compare changes in lipid metabolism and antioxidant status in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) with that in patients with a history of ischemic stroke and in patients with no clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 111 patients were enrolled in the study. Group 1 included 80 patients with RVO and grade 2-3 stage II-III essential hypertension, group 2-11 patients with grade 3 stage III essential hypertension, high cardiovascular risk and a history of ischemic stroke. The control group included 20 patients with no clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. All patients underwent a standard ophthalmic examination, fluorescent retinal angiography, lipid metabolism and redox system assessment. RESULTS: The levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and cholinesterase were higher in study groups than in controls regardless the type of RVO. A statistically proven increase in oxidized LDL (oxLDL) was found in patients with complicated hypertension and ischemic RVO. A direct correlation was determined between the level of anti-oxLDL IgG and lipid peroxidation activity (LP) (R = 0.376; p = 0.136) as well as the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (R = 0.529; p = 0.029) and GPx per gram of hemoglobin (R = 0.543; p = 0.024) in patients with branch RVO. Redox system assessment showed a decrease of thiols and an increase of LP metabolites. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that retinal vein occlusions develop under disorders of lipid metabolism similar to those in patients with a history of ischemic stroke. The correlation between the level of anti-oxLDL IgG and LP points to the redox system involvement in the intricate pathogenesis of RVO.


Assuntos
Aterosclerose/metabolismo , Hipertensão/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Oxirredução , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/metabolismo , Idoso , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Aterosclerose/complicações , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Oftalmológico , Feminino , Angiofluoresceinografia/métodos , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/diagnóstico , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/etiologia , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/metabolismo , Estatística como Assunto , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia
2.
Vestn Oftalmol ; 130(2): 88-92, 2014.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24864507

RESUMO

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a multifactorial disease and its pathogenesis is still not fully understood. Mechanical, hemodynamic, rheological, coagulation, biochemical, and immunological factors are involved. Two currently prevalent theories of RVO pathogenesis are the mechanical theory and the "coagulopathic" theory. The latter implies an imbalance between thrombogenic factors and antithrombogenic protection. According to some authors, endothelial dysfunction plays a large part in thrombosis development, neoangiogenesis, vascular remodeling, intravascular activation of platelets and leucocytes. In recent studies increasing emphasis is being placed on investigation of immune-mediated mechanisms of vein occlusions. RVO can also be associated with combined hypoxic and free radical tissue damage.


Assuntos
Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/fisiopatologia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/imunologia
3.
Kardiologiia ; 53(2): 4-9, 2013.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23548384

RESUMO

A study of the complement system in cardiosurgical patients with moderate (40 patients) and marked (18 patients) hemolysis after coronary artery bypass grafting in conditions of cardiopulmonary bypass was carried out. Before and after operation the content of D35+-, D55+-erythrocytes and reticulocytes in blood, free hemoglobin in blood plasma, indicators of the functional state of classical, lectin and alternative pathways of complement activation as well as concentration of its terminal complex in blood serum were analyzed. It was established that development of marked hemolysis was associated with higher (compared with moderate hemolysis) content of terminal complement complex and reticulocytes in blood before operation as well as deficiency of D55+- erythrocytes and low activity of alternative pathway.


Assuntos
Ponte Cardiopulmonar , Complexo de Ataque à Membrana do Sistema Complemento , Via Alternativa do Complemento , Eritrócitos/imunologia , Hemólise/imunologia , Isquemia Miocárdica , Antígenos CD55/metabolismo , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Complexo de Ataque à Membrana do Sistema Complemento/análise , Complexo de Ataque à Membrana do Sistema Complemento/metabolismo , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/métodos , Feminino , Hemoglobinometria , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Isquemia Miocárdica/sangue , Isquemia Miocárdica/cirurgia , Receptores de Complemento 3b/metabolismo , Contagem de Reticulócitos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
4.
Arkh Patol ; 53(2): 33-7, 1991.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2069524

RESUMO

A lung pneumocystosis model has been developed in white non-inbred rats (83 animals). The pathological process develops during 1 month versus 2-3 months in other models. Pathomorphology is in principle similar to human pneumocystosis. Bauer's method appeared to be the simplest and adequate for the detection of mature pneumocysts in the lung sections among many other methods used.


Assuntos
Pneumocystis/isolamento & purificação , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/patologia , Animais , Criança , Cortisona/efeitos adversos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Pulmão/citologia , Pulmão/microbiologia , Masculino , Ratos
5.
Bioorg Khim ; 14(8): 1014-26, 1988 Aug.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3146253

RESUMO

On the basis of o-acylamino-4-methylumbelliferon, a number of beta-galactosides and beta-glucosides have been synthesized. The fluorogenic compounds obtained differ by the length of acyl residues. 6- and 8-hexadecanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranosides (6-HMGal and 8-HMGal) are shown to be substrates for human galactocerebroside-beta-D-galactosidase. 6-HMGal analogues with shorter acyl residues, octanoyl (OMGal) and butanoyl (BMGal), were cleaved by another type of beta-galactosidase, GM1-ganglioside-beta-galactosidase. It has been established that 6-hexadecanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (HMGlc) is cleaved by human and animal glucocerebrosidase much slower than its chromogenic analogue (HMGlc). OMGlc did not exceed HNGlc either, though it is cleaved by glucocerebrosidase faster than HMGlc.


Assuntos
Corantes Fluorescentes , Galactosidases/análise , Galactosilceramidase/análise , Glucosidases/análise , Glucosilceramidase/análise , Lisossomos/enzimologia , beta-Galactosidase/análise , Catálise , Fenômenos Químicos , Química , Cromatografia em Gel , Ensaios Enzimáticos Clínicos , Galactosídeos , Galactosilceramidase/deficiência , Glucosídeos , Glucosilceramidase/deficiência , Humanos , Cinética , Esfingolipidoses/diagnóstico , Especificidade por Substrato , beta-Galactosidase/deficiência
6.
Antibiotiki ; 28(6): 437-41, 1983 Jun.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6309076

RESUMO

Characteristic features of interaction of nystatin with bivalent copper salts in water, methanol and dimethylsulfoxide were studied. It was shown that stable compounds of copper and nystatin at ratios of 1 : 2 and 1 : 4 formed in the above solvents. The antibiotic in these compounds was in an inert, native or activated state. Physicochemical and biological properties of the compounds were investigated.


Assuntos
Cobre , Nistatina , Vírus do Sarcoma Aviário/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenômenos Químicos , Físico-Química , Cobre/farmacologia , Fungos/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus da Influenza A/efeitos dos fármacos , Nistatina/farmacologia , Vírus da Pseudovaríola das Vacas/efeitos dos fármacos
7.
Antibiotiki ; 26(6): 469-73, 1981 Jun.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7271261

RESUMO

The efficacy of amphoglucamine was tested on male and female albino mice infected intravenously with Candida albicans and treated with testosterone and folliculin in doses of 1 mg and 10 units per mouse respectively. It was shown that 0.25 per cent of the experimental mice treated with testosterone alone survived, while the use of amphoglucamine alone in a dose of 1 mg/kg per os provided the survival of 0.5 per cent of the animals. With the use of the both drugs in combination almost all animals survived. Combined treatment with amphoglucamine and folliculin was not effective: isolation of Candida from all organs persisted, the spleen index changed insignificantly. Under the effect of testosterone the level of the spleen contamination was lower as compared to the control. The use of testosterone for a definite period of time promoted elimination of Candida from the internal organs. No significant difference in the titers of the complement-binding antibodies in the group of the mice treated with both the drugs was observed. It is suggested that the effect of the sex hormones on the fungus infection is associated with changing of the cell protective mechanisms.


Assuntos
Anfotericina B/análogos & derivados , Antifúngicos , Candidíase/tratamento farmacológico , Estrona/uso terapêutico , Testosterona/uso terapêutico , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Animais , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Fatores de Tempo
8.
Antibiotiki ; 25(7): 499-503, 1980 Jul.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7406459

RESUMO

Mycoheptin, an original antifungal polyenic antibiotic is a complex of several heptaen components. 2 heptaen components designated as mycoheptins A1 and A2 were isolated from the mycoheptin complex with the counter-current distribution technique in a system of methanol-chloroform-forate buffer, pH 8.3 (2:2:1). It was found that component A2 was the main one. Its content in the preparation is at least 80 per cent. The components were studied comparatively with respect to the elemental composition, UV and IR spectra, distribution coefficients in different solvent systems, specific rotation, biological activity and acute toxicity. Both components are original in the subgroup of "nonaromatic" heptaens. Mycoheptin A1 has a lower biological activity and toxicity but its chemotherapeutic efficiency is higher.


Assuntos
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/análise , Animais , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/isolamento & purificação , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Candidíase/tratamento farmacológico , Fenômenos Químicos , Físico-Química , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Camundongos , Polienos/análise , Polienos/isolamento & purificação , Polienos/uso terapêutico , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta
9.
Antibiotiki ; 25(1): 32-5, 1980 Jan.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7356298

RESUMO

It was shown that amphoglucamine, a new Soviet polyenic antibiotic had no significant effect on the antibody titers in the reactions of agglutination, complement binding and precipitation, when administered at various periods of immunogenesis of rabbits immunized with killed C. immitis vaccine. No signific and difference in the serum complement titers of the immunized animals was found. The study on the protective properties of the immunized animal sera demonstrated that the antibiotic administered during immunogenesis rather inhibited the preventive properties of the immune sera. Amphoglucamine administered during immunogenesis suppressed intracutaneous allergic reactions to the antigen. The data should be considered in the diagnostic practice, since some times the allergic reactions are the only diagnostic sign.


Assuntos
Anfotericina B/análogos & derivados , Formação de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Administração Oral , Testes de Aglutinação , Anfotericina B/imunologia , Animais , Coccidioides/imunologia , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Vacinas Fúngicas/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Tolerância Imunológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunização , Testes de Precipitina , Coelhos , Fatores de Tempo
10.
Antibiotiki ; 24(11): 828-31, 1979 Nov.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-389154

RESUMO

It was found that a resistant strain R2 of C. albicans obtained as a result of passages on media containing increasing concentrations of amphotericin B differed from the initial strain by its lower pathogenicity. Treatment of the infection caused by the resistant strain on modeling of candidiasis in mice was not successful. The decrease in the average life span of the mice infected with the resistant strain R2 and treated with amphotericin B was lower than that in the control animals and such indices of the disease as the levels of the kidney dissemination and the cell vegetation even increased under the effect of amphotericin B. The results of the study suggest that the resistant strain R2 of C. albicans depend on amphotericin B in the host. The data obtained emphasize the necessity of determinining the antibiotic sensitivity of C. albicans strains isolated from patients.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/antagonistas & inibidores , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Polienos , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Animais , Candicidina/uso terapêutico , Candida albicans/patogenicidade , Candidíase/tratamento farmacológico , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Camundongos , Nistatina/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Tempo
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