Smart city perspectives in post-pandemic governance: Externalities reduction policy.

Background: The ongoing COVID-19 quarantine restrictions have caused multiple sharp decreases in activities associated with the movement of large masses of people. The economies of regions and cities that are critically dependent on tourist flows related to various segments have suffered. This research aims to provide an economic-mathematical model of smart cities externalities' impact from the point of view of achieving social and environmental goals Methods: The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm for supporting decision-makers. Methods of mathematical modeling, statistical processing of data received in real-time, as well as methods for finding solutions by expansion into dynamic series are used, and the theory of mathematical games is applied. The theoretical mathematical model presented considers the statistical processing of data provided in real time referring to the performance indicators of megacities. Results: The activities of administrations and governments aimed at maintaining stability over the past two years have been aimed at reducing the negative impact of the pandemic. The prospect of returning to normal conditions is complicated by a number of factors. The proposed approach allows the development of the fundamental basis for making administrative decisions within individual megapolises and in environmental policy on a territory of any scale. The developed mathematical model is abstract by definition and is applied by taking into account specific tasks and criteria. Since the tasks of the administration differ depending on the region and country, the choice of criteria is set individually. Conclusions: During the period of isolation, the volume of services in the Hotel - Restaurant- Catering/Café (HORECA) segment has decreased, and personnel has also been lost. The reduced pressure on public infrastructure and the departure of migrants means that, in the long term, this work cannot be restored within a short period of time.

Financial logistics models based on systematic approach improving management solutions.

Background: Some firms with good growth opportunities and additional funds could have difficulties accessing external finance. One possible way to enhance their financial inclusion could be an exciting approach to planning the money reserve collected on a firm's account. Methods: This article aims to disclose the introduction of financial logistics as the new theoretical field of management science. The authors present, in this paper, the key findings on the development of logistical models of an optimum money reserve calculation taking into account digital transformation and industry 4.0 technologies and optimization methods. Results: The monetary reserve models are analogies of models of storekeeping in supply chains. The specific area of the theoretical research of logistics is shown in this paper, which could be disclosed as the subject of financial logistics as a science. The authors consider the term "Financial Logistics" based on logistics theory and money demand. Conclusions: Authors suggest the methodology of studying the nature of both financial and material flows of resources by comparing the relevant formulas. From the researchers' points of view, financial logistics could be defined as the theory of managing the cash flows based on the logistical models for calculating a corporation's cash reserve. The authors find it interesting to expand the conditions for calculating financial flows since the uncertainty of external market conditions always influences actual commercial activity.

Sustainable development of smart cities and smart territories based on the model of minimizing externalities.

The development of conceptual models of a digital city poses numerous challenges for developers. The public sector concept model has become one of the most difficult models to use. When developing algorithms to find a solution, the multidirectional interests of businesses and public institutions are combined. This type of model reflects the most acute and urgent problems faced by megapolises with regard to combining numerous localized services provided to the community in a limited territory. The administrations of both cities and regions (the scale of the smart territories) must make decisions concerning overcoming the barriers existing between the profits of commercial structures, the negative externalities generated by their activities, and the social benefits to the population in the territory under their control. It is necessary to solve this problem to achieve the effective management of enterprises belonging to the segment of long-term participants in various business activities, interacting with the surrounding social and business environment in a complex. This study takes into account the complex structures of the economic processes characteristic of megacities. The periodicity of economic processes is also taken into account. When choosing an optimization criterion, functions reflecting the level of internalization of responsibility for external effects were considered. The authors propose a mathematical model that can be used as part of the management decision support systems software, aiming at taking into account the externalities of a wide range of national, institutional, business, and social activities.