[Electron microscopic classification of pulmonary carcinoma]. / Klasifikace plicních karcinomu z elektronmikroskopického hlediska.

In a selected group of 175 pulmonary carcinomas the authors demonstrated how electron microscopy renders it possible to respect in their classification more systematically cytological differentiation than when the revised version of the "Histological typisation of pulmonary tumours" published by WHO is used. After electron microscopic examination the group of so-called large cell carcinomas was divided into carcinomas with varying differentiation (small-cell from endocrine cells, pavement cells from keratinocytes, glandular from exocrine cells) and non-differentiated ones (from primitive cells). To the non-differentiated carcinomas those originally small-cell carcinomas were added which lacked ultrastructural differentiation. The uniform subtle structure of glandular carcinomas, however, did not support the importance of differentiation of their subgroups. It became particularly doubtful to have as a separate unit bronchioloalveolar carcinomas when in the group only two bronchiolar carcinomas (from Clara cells) were detected and no carcinoma from alveolar epithelium (from granular pneumonocytes). Double ultrastructural differentiation was found in 10-15% of the carcinomas; their group classification respected the predominating differentiation.

[Angiofollicular hyperplasia of lymph nodes (Castleman's hyperplasia)]. / Angiofolikulární hyperplazie lymfatických uzlin (Castlemanova hyperplazie).

Intrathoracic angiofollicular enlarged nodes illustrating two histological types according to Flendrig and Keller were removed in a 36- and an 18-year old man. Clinical symptomatology was absent in one of the patients, and disappeared in the other after resection. The histological pictures featured in particular: protein penetration from the hyperplastic vascular bed, regressive changes in the follicles, and plasmocytic hyperplasia. Vascular as well as interfollicular fibrosis were seen as one of the causes of visualization of normal follicular vascularization, which is normally poorly visible. The whole process, however, revealed increased interfollicular vascularization, the significance of which is the subject of discussion.