[Influence of infrared cold laser radiation emission on free radical processes in various tissues of rats with circulatory cerebral hypoxia].

Influence of infrared cold laser emission (IRCL) on the dynamic equilibrium between lipid peroxidation and tension of the antioxidant defense system in rat's tissues (blood, brain, retina, cornea) was evaluated in animals with circulatory cerebral hypoxia induced by occlusion of the left carotid artery. Tissues of white rats were examined for IRCL effects on hemiluminescence, malonic dialdehyde, SOD and catalase activities on the background of circulatory cerebral hypoxia. Data of the experiment evidenced an antioxidant effect of posthypoxic IRCL therapy as it reduces intensity of the free radical processes in plasma, cerebral tissues and retina. The experiment demonstrated the IRCL ability to modulate LPO, to stiffen the antioxidant defense system in the event of eye diseases originated from circulatory hypoxia of the ocular analyzer.

[Erythrocytic membrane status (as cell model) in cases of severe cranium-face trauma: possibilities for correction].

Acute posttraumatic period of severe maxillofacial trauma in case of hyperbaric oxygenation therapy is followed by expressed activation of lipide-peroxide-oxidation (LPO) in erythrocytic membrane on the background of significant reduction of the substrate for fermentative antioxidation system (AOS). Imbalance in the system LPO:AOS is followed by expressed structural reorganization in erythrocytic membrane and build-up extraerythrocytic haemoglobin in plasma. Klonidine promotes LPO activity reduction and prevents depletion of AOS fermentative capacity in membrane that is followed by normalization of structural-functional interrelations in membrane and reduction of the level of extraerythrocytic haemoglobin in plasma.

[Oxidative stress in victims with heavy combined cranium-facial trauma].

For acute posttraumatic period of heavy combined cranium-facial trauma (CFT) considerable activation of peroxide lipids oxidation in the liquor is typical beginning from the 1st day of posttraumatic period on the background of speedy and drastic depletion of fermentative and low-molecular antioxidant liquor system (in spite of introduction of antioxidants particularly a-tocopherol acetate). Non-adequate functioning of the system of antioxidant defense on the background of free radical activity splash can be considered as breakdown of the process of adaptive reaction forming. It leads to weighting the course of posttraumatic period of heavy combined cranium-facial trauma and its outcome as a whole.

[Free radical mechanism of the cold stress development in rats]. / Svobodnoradikal'nyi mekhanizm razvitiia kholodovogo stressa u krys.

Development of cold stress in rats is characterized by sharp activation of lipid peroxidation accompanied by a considerable increase of the diene conjugates level and Schiff bases in tissues of brain, liver and in erythrocytes. There is a shift in the prooxidant--antioxidant balance of the organism in the form of amplification of xanthine oxidase prooxidant enzymatic activity in the brain and liver, and a decrease of myeloperoxidase activity in blood neutrophiles of rats. The attrition at cold stress, mainly, of enzymatic endocellular antioxidant system as the result of inhibition of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase activities in brain, liver and erythrocytes is indemnified by activation of non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms. In conditions of cold stress, destabilization of erythrocyte membranes of rats described by a decrease of the microviscosity of protein-lipid contact zones and reduction of degree of immersing of proteins in lipid membrane owing to exhibiting proteins from the hydrophobic zone of membranes, or their aggregate, increase of polarity of lipid phase and negative surface charge, is marked.

[Features of regulating delta sleep-inducing peptide by free radical processes in tissue and erythrocyte membranes in intact animals and under stress]. / Osobennosti reguliatsii del'ta-son indutsiruiushchim peptidom svobodnoradikal'nykh protesessov v tkaniakh i membranakh éritrotsitov intaktnykh zhivotnykh i pri stresse.

In activity the comparative analysis of metabolic effects delta--sleep inducing peptide (DSIP) in tissues and erythrocytes of intact rats and under cold stress is conducted. The regulation effect of DSIP in attitude of free radical processes will be realised through modulation the prooxidant--antioxidant balance: both for intact animal, and at stress. Exogenous DSIP increases the antioxidant system activity in tissues of brain, liver and blood in standard conditions and under cold stress. The anti-stress effect of DSIP is directed as on increase of power endogenic enzymatic antioxidant system activity, specially glutathione peroxidase activity, and not enzymatic of antioxidant protection. The DSIP renders different influence on activity of prooxidant enzymes: for intact animal boosts the myeloperoxidase activity in blood neutrophils, not rendering essential influencing on the xanthine oxidase activity in tissues of brain, liver and activates the myeloperoxidase activity, depresses the xanthine oxidase activity for rats at stress. The membranotropic effect of DSIP in the norm and under stress is connected to increase of stability of protein--lipid interplays. The membranostabilizing effect of DSIP in conditions of stress is characterized decrease of polarity of lipid phase and negative surface charge of erythrocyte membranes, modified in course of lipid peroxidation.

[Free radical processes and antioxidant system in depression and treatment efficiency]. / Svobodnoradikal'nye protsessy i antioksidantnye sistemy pri depressii i éffektivnost' terapii.

Free radical processes and antioxidant systems activities were studied before and after treatment in blood and saliva of 23 depressive patients with ICD-10 diagnosis--6 with depressive episode and 17 with recurrent depression. Compared to control, blood plasma Fe(2+)-rodamine induced chemiluminescence, total peroxidase and catalase activities increased and blood plasma superoxide eliminational activity as well as superoxide dismutase activity in erythrocytes decreased in patients before treatment. At the same time, total peroxidase activity, superoxide eliminational activity and catalase activity were elevated in the patient's saliva. After antidepressant treatment, positive dynamics for many parameters studied was more pronounced in responders. Saliva was shown to be potential biological material for "oxidative stress" assessment and for treatment efficacy evaluation in depression.

[Regulatory effect of delta sleep-inducing peptide on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes and tissues of rats during cold stress]. / Regulitornoe vliianie del'ta-son indutsiruiushchego peptida na aktivnost' antioksidantnykh fermentov v éritrotsitakh i tkaniakh krys pri kholodovom stresse.

Antioxidant system's state of erythrocytes and tissues in rats under normal and cold stress conditions was studied. Intraperitoneal injection of exogenic DSIP at the dose of 12 mkg/100 g body weight both, to intact and to cold-exposed animals results in the increase of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase activities and concentration of glutathione in red blood cells, liver and brain.

[The effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on the antioxidant status of Xenopus laevis after its preliminary adaptation to oxygen]. / Vliianie giperbaricheskoi oksigenatsii na antioksidantnyi status Xenopus laevis posle predvaritel'noi adaptatsii k kislorodu.

We studied the level of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) in various tissues of adult Xenopus laevis after an initial exposure to hyperbaric oxygenation at the developmental stage 38. We have found that irrespective to the mode of treatment, the level of lipid peroxidation and activity of antioxidant enzymes in the brain, lungs, and blood of these animals were higher as compared to control animals. We demonstrate that, after the exposure of adult animals to hyperoxia, if they were earlier subjected to hyperbaric oxygenation (0.2 MPa) at stage 38, there was no intensification of lipid peroxidation or changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. In adult animals initially subjected to hyperbaric oxygenation at the same stage of development but at the pressure--0.7 MPa, the second exposure to hyperoxia led to a drastic intensification of lipid peroxidation in the brain; in some animals, an increased level of lipid peroxidation products in the lungs was observed.

[Effect of delta sleep-inducing peptide on lipid peroxidation and xanthine oxidase activity in rat tissues during cold stress]. / Vliianie del'ta-son indutsiruiushchego peptida na intensivnost' lipopereokisleniia i aktivnost' ksantinoksidazy v tkaniakh krys pri kholodovom stresse.

I. p. administration of exogenous delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) decreased the amount of diene conjugates and Schiff bases in the liver and brain in rats. The xanthine oxidase activity, at that, did not change. Cold stress enhanced the xanthine oxidase activity well as the amount of diene conjugates and Schiff bases. Preliminary administration of the delta-sleep-inducing peptide to cold-exposed animals diminished the xanthine oxidase activity and lipid peroxidation in the liver and brain. Protective effects of the DSIP under stress is discussed.

[Intensity of free radical process and antioxidant enzymes activity in human saliva and plasma under emotional stress]. / Intensivnost' svobodnoradikal'nykh protsessov i aktivnost' antioksidantnykh frmentov v sliune i plazme krovi liudei pri émotsional'nom napriazhenii.

The intensity of free radical processes (FRP) and the activity of antioxidant (AO) systems in human blood plasma and saliva were studied under physiological emotional strain and depressive pathologies (before and after treatment). The significant alterations in the dynamics of investigative indexes under different emotional strain were revealed. These alterations in saliva were more intensive than in blood plasma. The treatment led to the stabilization of FRP intensity and the activity of AO protection. The correlation between saliva and blood plasma parametres allows to use saliva for the estimation of emotional strain and of the efficiency of therapeutics under depressive pathologies.

[Lipid peroxidation and chromosome aberrations in mice after repeated effect of helium-oxygen respiratory mixture in hyperbaric conditions]. / Perekisnoe okislenie lipidov i khromosomnye aberratsii u myshei posle mnogokratnogo vozdeistviia geliokislorodnoi dykhatelnoi smesíu v rezhime giperbarii.

Mice were exposed to helium-oxygen conditions (3.6 MPa, 5 sessions). Compression lasted for 6 h, isopression - 5 days, decompression - 18 h. The interval between sessions was 10 days. The present study has revealed that hyperbary increases the level of diene conjugates and shift bases in the erythrocyte membranes and plasma only after 1 and 3 sessions. Superoxide dismutase is suppressed after 3 and 5 sessions. Catalase activity remains unchanged. The effect of hyperbary on the induction of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow, cornea of the eye and germinal tissues has been studied. Bone marrow has been detected as more sensitive to hyperbary. Induction of aberrations in bone marrow cells has observed for 3 months.

[Effects of prolonged hyperbarism on lipid peroxidation and structural-functional state of erythrocytes]. / Vliianie dlitel'noi giperbarii na aktivnost' perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov i strukturno-funktsional'noe sostoianie éritrotsitov.

Prolonged helium-oxygen hyperbaric (pressure 3,6 MPa) increased diene conjugate and Schiff's base level in plasma and erythrocyte membranes of mice. In those conditions SOD and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities were inhibited in erythrocytes. Lipid bilayer microviscosity and cholesterol content of erythrocyte membranes were increased.

[The effect of hypoxia and of subsequent baro-oxygenation on the function of the microsomal oxidation system in the rat liver]. / Vliianie gipoksii i posleduiushchei barooksigenatsii na sostoianie sistemy mikrosomal'nogo okisleniia v pecheni krys.

The increase of cytochrome P-450 by 34% and its catalytic activity with substrate amidopyrine by 57% as compared with control has been shown under hypoxia (0.029 MPa, 1 h). Hyperoxia (0.2 MPa, 1 h) increases the metabolism of amidopyrine by 148%, benzo[a]pyrene by 158% and aniline by 114% and consecutive affection of hypoxia and hyperoxia--by 247, 45 and 138% correspondingly at fixed cytochrome P-450 amount in both series. The amount of diene conjugates and Schiff's bases under hypoxia increases by 40 and 69% correspondingly, the activity of SOD and catalase decreases by 25 and 23%. The activity of hyperoxia raises the diene conjugate content by 19% at all this SOD activity increases by 95%. Consecutive affection of hypoxia and hyperoxia increases the level of diene conjugates and Schiff's bases by 26 and 23% correspondingly, without changing SOD and catalase activity. The relative microsomal viscosity of lipid layer and zones of enzyme-lipid contacts decreased by 20 and 24% under hypoxia, but under hyperoxia and consecutive affection and hypoxia and hyperoxia it increases by 29-28% and 56-40% correspondingly.

[Cytochrome P-450 activity and lipid peroxidation in rat liver and lung microsomes during hypoxia and followed by pressure oxygenation]. / Aktivnost' tsitokhroma P-450 i perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v mikrosomakh pecheni i legkikh krys v usloviiakh gipoksii i posleduiushchei barooksigenatsii.

Influence of hypoxia (0.029 MPa, I h) followed by hyperoxia (0.2 MPa, I h) on microsomal oxidation and lipoperoxidation was studied in rat liver and lungs. Distinct increase of cytochrome P-450 catalytic activity with amidopyrine and benzo-a-pyrene as substrates of the I type was found after hypoxia, subsequent hyperoxia resulted in significant increase of amidopyrine and benzo-a-pyrene metabolism in liver and lung tissues and of aniline metabolism in liver tissue. Both hypoxia and hyperoxia led to increase in content of diene conjugates and Schiff bases in liver and lungs, while the increase of diene conjugates in liver and both diene conjugates and Schiff bases in lungs were observed under hyperoxic conditions.

[Regulation of by arginine of cytochrome p-450 activity and lipid peroxidation in rat liver and testicular tissue during hypoxia]. / Reguliatsiia argininom aktivnosti tsitokhroma P-450 i perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v pecheni i semennikakh krys pri gipoksii.

Arginine, preadministered intraperitoneally at a dose of 120 mg per 100 g of body mass before hypoxia, decreased content of diene conjugates by 42-64% and Schiff bases by 7-15% in rat liver and testicular microsomal membranes as compared with control rats nontreated with arginine. Under these conditions cytochrome P-450 catalytic activity with aniline as a substrate was increased by 65-152% and with amidopyrine as a substrate--by 72-148%, respectively. Exogenous arginine inhibited an increase in membranes microviscosity, specific for hypoxic state; relative microviscosity of lipid bilayer was decreased by 36% and of the protein-lipid contact zones--by 84% as compared with control hypoxic animals.