Assuntos
Escabiose/epidemiologia , Idoso , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
In a case-control study of Campylobacter spp. risk factors in England during 2005-2006, we identified recent consumption of commercially prepared chicken as an important risk factor. The risk for illness associated with recent chicken consumption was much lower for persons who regularly ate chicken than in those who did not, which suggests that partial immunologic protection may follow regular chicken preparation or consumption. Chicken-related risk factors accounted for 41% of cases; acid-suppressing medication, for 10%; self-reported past Campylobacter enteritis, 2%; and recent acquisition of a pet dog, 1%. Understanding the risks associated with chicken from different sources will benefit strategies to reduce Campylobacter infections. Better characterization of immune correlates for Campylobacter infection is necessary to assess the relative importance of immunity and behavioral factors in determining risk.
Assuntos
Antiácidos/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Campylobacter , Galinhas , Enterite , Carne , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cães , Inglaterra/epidemiologia , Enterite/epidemiologia , Enterite/microbiologia , Feminino , Contaminação de Alimentos , Manipulação de Alimentos , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We undertook a systematic literature and database review for reports of nosocomial exposures of infants less than 24 months of age to tuberculosis. We found 7 instances of transmission among 4867 babies in 26 reports (19 published, 7 from a national database for reporting such events).
Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/transmissão , Medição de Risco , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Tuberculose/transmissão , Busca de Comunicante , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-NascidoRESUMO
Between 1997 and 2003 an annual average of 1867 new entrants seen at the port of arrival were notified to the communicable disease teams who now form the Essex Health Protection Unit. We examined the number of individuals who made contact with health services by linking port health and tuberculosis databases with combinations of surname, forename and date of birth the number of new entrants developing tuberculosis. We also searched paper records for all incidents of active tuberculosis in health and residential care workers. Eighteen individuals were in both port health and tuberculosis data sets; only one was identified by new entrant screening. In the same period there were 35 cases of active tuberculosis in health care workers, only one of whom had been screened on arrival in the United Kingdom, resulting in follow-up of 371 contacts. The new entrant screening programme in Essex should be stopped and resources diverted to improve followup of new entrants, especially those who are health care workers.
