Atmospheric correction algorithm over coastal and inland waters based on the red and NIR bands: application to Landsat-8/OLI and VNREDSat-1/NAOMI observations.

Water pixel extraction and correction of the atmospheric signal represent prerequisite steps prior to applying algorithms dedicated to the assessment of water quality of natural surface water bodies. The recent multiplication of medium spatial resolution sensors (10-60 m) provides the required constellation to monitoring bio-optical and biogeochemical parameters of surface waters at the relevant spatial-temporal scales. Here we present a new approach to identify water pixels and to extract the atmospheric contribution to the top of atmosphere signal measured by the NAOMI sensor on board the first Vietnamese satellite, VNREDSat-1. After verifying the TOA calibration of NAOMI through a vicarious calibration exercise, we adapt a recent water pixel extraction algorithm (WiPE) to NAOMI, and develop a new atmospheric correction algorithm (referred to as red-NIR) based on the use of the red and NIR bands (the only bands available for that purpose on NAOMI) and spectral relationships. The evaluation of red-NIR with a match-up data set gathering remote sensing reflectance, Rrs, measurements performed at the AERONET-OC stations in moderately turbid waters indicates excellent performance in the blue and green part of the spectrum (similar to the performances reached by the SeaDAS NIR-SWIR algorithms) and lower accuracy in the red. Intercomparison of simultaneous images collected by NAOMI and OLI over a more turbid water body shows an excellent agreement between the NAOMI-Rrs estimated by the present processing, and the OLI-Rrs estimated from the ACOLITE algorithm. This approach will allow sensors that do not have SWIR bands, such as SPOT-6 and -7, to be processed, making their data exploitation available for long-term temporal analyses.

A universal genome sequencing method for rotavirus A from human fecal samples which identifies segment reassortment and multi-genotype mixed infection.

BACKGROUND: Genomic characterization of rotavirus (RoV) has not been adopted at large-scale due to the complexity of obtaining sequences for all 11 segments, particularly when feces are used as starting material. METHODS: To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel RoV capture and genome sequencing method combining commercial enzyme immunoassay plates and a set of routinely used reagents. RESULTS: Our approach had a 100% success rate, producing >90% genome coverage for diverse RoV present in fecal samples (Ct < 30). CONCLUSIONS: This method provides a novel, reproducible and comparatively simple approach for genomic RoV characterization and could be scaled-up for use in global RoV surveillance systems. TRIAL REGISTRATION (PROSPECTIVELY REGISTERED): Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN88101063 . Date of registration: 14/06/2012.

The familial characteristics of haemophiliacs treated at regional hematology and blood transfusion center of Hue Central Hospital

Background: Hemophilia is the most common clotting disorder in the hereditary blood clotting disorders causing harm to health and psychology. The disease can lead to disability and leave the burden on families and society as well as the development of race\r\n', u"Objectives: To study the familial characteristics of haemophiliacs treated at Regional Hematology and Blood Transfusion Center of Hue Central Hospital. Subject and method: This was a prospective study. It included 48 patients diagnosed and treated Haemophilia A and B at Regional Hematology and Blood Transfusion Center of Hue Central Hospital from 7/2005 - 8/2007. Results: In 48 patients, there were 23 patients who had obviously familial history (included 12 families). They were siblings, cousins, maternal grandfathers or mother's brothers. Among 67 haemophiliacs, 23 haemophiliacs had been studied (34.32%), 30 haemophiliacs died of the disease (44.77%). Most of them died at childhood, below age of 15 years (80.64%). Conclusion: Numbers of deaths in the family was not related to the severity of the disease. The age of clinical detection, morphology, number, site, characteristics of haemorrhage as well as the level of articuar injures were not completely the same between the haemophiliacs of the same family. \r\n", u'\r\n', u'

Investigation of hemostatic disorders in patients with congenital heart diseases undergoing open heart surgery at Hue Central Hospital

Background: Open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes haemostatic abnormalities which result in postoperative excessive bleeding. Objectives: To investigate haemostatic disorders before - after CPB and postoperative bleeding. Subjects and methods: Sixty congenital cardiac patients with and without cyanosis were recruited consecutively. Hematology and coagulation tests were done 1 day before operation, 15 minutes after protamine administration, 2 and 6 hours after the operation in the intensive care unit (lCU). Mediastinal chest tube drainage (MCTO) was measured for the first 6h in the ICU. Results: Significant differences between 2 groups could be found for red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, fibrinogen, D-dimer, fibrinogen degradation products (FOP), von Kaulla and platelet aggregation to epinephrine before operation (p < 0.05). There were not significant differences in platelets, PT, APTT, platelet aggregation to adenosine diphosphate (AOP) in the acyanotic and cyanotic patients (p > 0.05). Most hematology parameters were decreased significantly and hemostasis measurements were prolonged after operation in both groups (p < 0.05). There was also the significant difference in MCTO between 2 groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Coagulation, hemostasis and fibrinolysis disorders; thrombocytopenia and acquired transient platelet dysfunction may be responsible for bleeding complications after CBP \r\n', u'\r\n', u'

Rate of HBsAg and anti-HCV carriers among blood donors at Thua Thien Hue province during 5 years 1997 - 2001

The rate of HBsAg carriers among blood donors at at Thua Thien Hue province during 5 years (1997 - 2001) is relative high, with 13.57% on average. At the same time, the incidence of HCV infection is lower than other areas (with mean 0.64%). The rate of HBsAg carrier is higher in rural than in Hue city (14.72% vs. 12.27%). The young adults in precincts have higher HBsAg incidence than in other groups.