Exosomal-microRNAs Improve Islet Cell Survival and Function In Islet Transplantation.

Exosomal-microRNAs (Exo-miRNAs) are key regulators of islet cell function, including insulin expression, processing, and secretion. Exo-miRNAs have a significant impact on the outcomes of islet transplantation as biomarkers for evaluating islet cell function and survival. Furthermore, they have been linked to vascular remodeling and immune regulation following islet transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have been shown in preliminary studies to improve islet cell viability and function when injected or transplanted into mice. Overall, Exo-miRNAs have emerged as novel agents for improving islet transplantation success rates. The role of islet-derived Exo-miRNAs and mesenchymal stem cells-derived Exo-miRNAs as biomarkers and immunomodulators in islet regeneration, as well as their role in improving islet cell viability and function in islet transplantation, are discussed in this review.

Research progress on islet protection and functional maintenance / 器官移植

Islet transplantation is a promising treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Nevertheless, dysfunction post-transplantation, rejection and shortage of donors are the bottleneck issues in the field of islet transplantation. Optimizing the preservation method of pancreas plays a positive role in obtaining a sufficient quantity of effective islets and maintaining their functions. During the culture stage, anti-rejection and anti-apoptosis treatment of islets, including mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), MSC-derived exosomes, anti-apoptosis drugs and gene modification, may become major approaches for islet protection and functional maintenance in clinical islet transplantation. Use of anti-instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) drugs after islet transplantation also plays a critical role in protecting islet function. In this article, the whole process from islet preparation to islet transplantation was illustrated, and relevant strategies of islet protection and functional maintenance were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for improving the quality of donors to compensate for the shortage of absolute quantity of donors and elevating the efficiency of islet transplantation.

Application of magnetic resonance T2 -mapping imaging in quantitative detection of early intervertebral disc degeneration in obese people / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the clinical value of magnetic resonance T 2 -mapping imaging in the diagnosis of early intervertebral disc degeneration in obese people.Methods From January 2018 to June 2019, 30 obese volunteers and 30 healthy volunteers with normal weight underwent T 2 -mapping scan,while their routine MRI examination showed no abnormalities were slected.The T2 value of nucleus pulposus in both two groups were measured and compared.Results The T2 values of nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc of lumbar 1-2,lumbar 2-3,lumbar 3-4,lumbar 4-5 and lumbar 5-sacral 1 in the control group were (108.17 ±10.87)ms,(113.93 ± 11.54)ms,(126.65 ±10.22) ms,(118.62 ±8.86) ms and (111.61 ±10.65) ms,respectively,which of nucleus pulposus in different segments was statistically significant (F＝14.28,P＜0.001).The T2 values of nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc of lumbar 1-2,lumbar 2-3,lumbar 3 -4,lumbar 4-5,lumbar 5 -sacral 1 in the simple obesity group were (104.90 ±7.67)ms,(101.10 ±6.61) ms,(112.65 ±5.75) ms,(98.27 ±6.18)ms,(89.82 ± 6.34)ms,respectively,,which of nucleus pulposus in different segments was statistically significant (F＝49.52,P＜0.001).There were statistically significant differences in the T 2 values of nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc of lumbar 2-3,lumbar 3-4,lumbar 4 -5,lumbar 5 -sacral 1 between the two groups (t＝5.283,6.535,10.327, 9.626,all P＜0.001).Conclusion Magnetic resonance T2 -mapping can detect early changes in tissue composition of intervertebral disc degeneration.Therefore,magnetic resonance T2 -mapping imaging technology can provide an important reference for the early diagnosis of intervertebral disc degeneration in obese people .

Application of magnetic resonance T2-mapping imaging in quantitative detection of early intervertebral disc degeneration in obese people / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To explore the clinical value of magnetic resonance T2-mapping imaging in the diagnosis of early intervertebral disc degeneration in obese people.@*Methods@#From January 2018 to June 2019, 30 obese volunteers and 30 healthy volunteers with normal weight underwent T2-mapping scan, while their routine MRI examination showed no abnormalities were slected.The T2 value of nucleus pulposus in both two groups were measured and compared.@*Results@#The T2 values of nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc of lumbar 1-2, lumbar 2-3, lumbar 3-4, lumbar 4-5 and lumbar 5-sacral 1 in the control group were (108.17±10.87)ms, (113.93±11.54)ms, (126.65±10.22)ms, (118.62±8.86)ms and (111.61±10.65)ms, respectively, which of nucleus pulposus in different segments was statistically significant(F=14.28, P<0.001). The T2 values of nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc of lumbar 1-2, lumbar 2-3, lumbar 3-4, lumbar 4-5, lumbar 5-sacral 1 in the simple obesity group were (104.90±7.67)ms, (101.10±6.61)ms, (112.65±5.75)ms, (98.27±6.18)ms, (89.82±6.34)ms, respectively, , which of nucleus pulposus in different segments was statistically significant(F=49.52, P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in the T2 values of nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc of lumbar 2-3, lumbar 3-4, lumbar 4-5, lumbar 5-sacral 1 between the two groups(t=5.283, 6.535, 10.327, 9.626, all P<0.001).@*Conclusion@#Magnetic resonance T2-mapping can detect early changes in tissue composition of intervertebral disc degeneration.Therefore, magnetic resonance T2-mapping imaging technology can provide an important reference for the early diagnosis of intervertebral disc degeneration in obese people.

Clinical significance of multi slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of small intestinal diseases / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To explore the clinical significance of multi slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of small intestinal diseases.@*Methods@#78 patients suspected with small intestinal diseases were selected and scanned by multi detector row spiral CT instrument.The lesion position, size, type, range and distant metastasis were observed.Then, the clinical and pathological results were compared and analyzed.@*Results@#The final clinicopathological diagnosis had 49 positive cases, 29 negative cases among the 78 patients.The MDCTE had 40 positive cases, which had correspondence with pathological diagnosis; 29 negative cases had correspondence with pathological diagnosis; 9 cases had been misdiagnosed.The sensitivity of MDCTE in diagnosis of small intestinal diseases was 81.63%(40/49), the specificity was 100.00%(29/29), the positive predictive rate was 100.00%(40/40), the negative predictive rate was 76.32%(29/38), the accuracy of diagnosis was 88.46%[(40+ 29)/78].@*Conclusion@#MDCTE has important clinical significance in the diagnosis of small intestinal diseases.