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1.
Rev Neurol ; 71(10): 373-376, 2020 Nov 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33145748

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with cysts is a leukodystrophy of genetic origin that produces an alteration in the water and ion homeostasis in the brain, generating vacuolar forms and chronic oedema in the white matter with progressive neurological deterioration. It should be suspected in infants who present progressive macrocephaly during the first year of life, motor retardation and characteristic findings in magnetic resonance brain scans. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a girl who was followed up from the age of 9 months due to progressive macrocephaly and delayed psychomotor development and brain MRI findings consistent with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with cysts, and the appearance of epilepsy during its development. The usual genetic studies (new generation sequencing and array) were negative, but as the diagnostic criteria were met, a complementary messenger RNA and DNA study was conducted, which confirmed the presence of two pathogenic variants in MLC1. CONCLUSIONS: Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with cysts is a rare condition. Progressive macrocephaly in the first year of life, the absence of deterioration or slow deterioration, and the possibility of developing epilepsy, spasticity and ataxia are characteristic signs in its course. It is important for these patients to undergo an imaging test that shows findings that characterise this condition, which, together with the clinical features, makes it possible to differentiate it from other leukodystrophies and to establish a confirmatory diagnosis. Genetic studies can confirm the associated mutation that makes it possible to predict the clinicoradiological phenotype.


TITLE: Leucoencefalopatía megalencefálica con quistes: importancia de la descripción clínica en la era genética.Introducción. La leucoencefalopatía megalencefálica con quistes es una leucodistrofia de origen genético que produce una alteración de la homeostasis del agua e iones en el cerebro, generando formas vacuolares y edema crónico en la sustancia blanca con deterioro neurológico progresivo. Debe sospecharse en los lactantes que presentan macrocefalia progresiva durante el primer año de vida, retraso motor y hallazgos característicos en la resonancia magnética cerebral. Caso clínico. Niña en seguimiento desde los 9 meses por macrocefalia progresiva y retraso del desarrollo psicomotor con presencia en la resonancia magnética cerebral de hallazgos compatibles con leucoencefalopatía megalencefálica con quistes, y aparición de epilepsia en su evolución. Los estudios genéticos habituales (secuenciación de nueva generación y array) fueron negativos, pero, al cumplir los criterios diagnósticos, se procedió al estudio del ARN mensajero y el ADN complementario, que confirmó la presencia de dos variantes patogénicas en MLC1. Conclusiones. La leucoencefalopatía megalencefálica con quistes es una entidad infrecuente. Es característica la macrocefalia progresiva en el primer año de vida, la ausencia de deterioro o deterioro lento, y la posibilidad de desarrollar epilepsia, espasticidad y ataxia en su evolución. Cobra importancia en dichos pacientes la realización de una prueba de imagen que muestre hallazgos propios de la entidad, lo que, junto con la clínica, permite diferenciarla de otras leucodistrofias y establecer un diagnóstico confirmatorio. Los estudios genéticos pueden constatar la mutación asociada que posibilita predecir el fenotipo clinicorradiológico.


Assuntos
Cistos , Megalencefalia , Cistos/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistos/patologia , Doenças Desmielinizantes , Humanos , Lactente , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Megalencefalia/diagnóstico por imagem , Megalencefalia/patologia , Mutação
2.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 58(supl.1): 2-12, abr. 2016. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-153278

RESUMO

El error radiológico más frecuente en la columna vertebral es la omisión de fracturas. Se considera la principal causa de demanda por negligencia al radiólogo tras la omisión del cáncer de mama y de pulmón. De los miles de informes de columna emitidos anualmente dependen, aparte de la salud de los pacientes, sus bajas laborales e indemnizaciones. Es por lo tanto nuestra responsabilidad conocer por qué se producen los errores y cómo detectarlos para evitar su repetición. En este artículo mostramos un espectro de los errores más frecuentes según nuestra experiencia en dobles lecturas de la columna vertebral, intentando en lo posible determinar su etiología (AU)


The most common radiological error in examinations of the spine is the failure to diagnose fractures. This is the third most frequent reason for lawsuits brought against radiologists for negligence, after the failure to diagnose breast cancer and the failure to diagnose lung cancer. The thousands of radiological reports of spinal examinations done every year affect not only patients’ health, but also their permission to be off work and their compensation. For this reason, it is our responsibility to know why errors are committed and how to detect them in order to avoid their repetition. In this article, we show the spectrum of the most common errors in our experience in double reading spinal examinations, and we try to determine what causes these errors (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Erros de Diagnóstico/efeitos adversos , Coluna Vertebral/patologia , Radiologia/métodos , Radiologia/tendências , Dor Lombar/patologia , Dor Lombar , Traumatismos em Chicotada , Espondilólise/patologia , Espondilólise , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral
3.
Radiologia ; 58 Suppl 1: 2-12, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26775011

RESUMO

The most common radiological error in examinations of the spine is the failure to diagnose fractures. This is the third most frequent reason for lawsuits brought against radiologists for negligence, after the failure to diagnose breast cancer and the failure to diagnose lung cancer. The thousands of radiological reports of spinal examinations done every year affect not only patients' health, but also their permission to be off work and their compensation. For this reason, it is our responsibility to know why errors are committed and how to detect them in order to avoid their repetition. In this article, we show the spectrum of the most common errors in our experience in double reading spinal examinations, and we try to determine what causes these errors.


Assuntos
Erros de Diagnóstico , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos
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