O princípio da solidariedade no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil / The principle of solidarity in facing COVID-19 in Brazil / El principio de solidaridad frente al COVID-19 en Brasil

Objetivo: analisar o princípio da solidariedade como vetor interpretativo para as políticas públicas emergenciais e outras ações de enfrentamento da pandemia COVID-19. Metodologia: utilizou-se o método dedutivo como abordagem; o método descritivo-exploratório como procedimento; e como técnicas de pesquisa a bibliográfica e documental. Resultados: verificou-se que, apesar do avanço das políticas públicas de saúde, notadamente por meio do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), o princípio da solidariedade ainda está sendo desconsiderado no enfrentamento da pandemia no Brasil, como se vê, por exemplo, pela estocagem de testes RT-qPCR prestes a vencer e subutilização do orçamento destinado à pandemia. Embora já demonstrado que medidas orientadas por esse princípio salvam vidas, como revelam experiências exitosas de outros países, sendo um instrumento eficaz e pouco oneroso, muito há a avançar na aplicação de tal princípio no Brasil. Conclusão: inspirados pelo princípio da solidariedade, os governos federal, estaduais e municipais, e demais poderes, devem conjugar esforços para oferecer políticas públicas e outras ações adequadas e eficazes ao combate da COVID-19 no Brasil.

Objective: analyzing the principle of solidarity as an interpretive vector for urgent public policies and other actions to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: the deductive approach, the descriptive-exploratory method of procedure and the bibliographic and documentary research techniques were used. Results: it was found that, despite the advancement of public health policies, notably through SUS (Unified Health System), the principle of solidarity is still being disregarded in the face of the pandemic in Brazil, as seen, for example, by the storage of RT-qPCR tests (about to expire) and underutilization of the budget for the pandemic. Thus, although it has already been demonstrated that measures informed by this principle save lives, as revealed by successful experiences in other countries, being, therefore, an effective and inexpensive instrument, much remains to be done in the application of this principle in Brazil. Conclusion: inspired by the principle of solidarity, the federal, state and municipal governments, and other powers, must combine efforts to offer public policies and other appropriate and effective actions to combat COVID-19 in Brazil.

Objetivo: analizar el principio de solidaridad como vector interpretativo de políticas públicas de emergencia y otras acciones para combatir la pandemia COVID-19. Metodología: se utilizó el enfoque deductivo, el método de procedimiento descriptivo-exploratorio y las técnicas de investigación bibliográfica y documental. Resultados: se encontró que, a pesar del avance de las políticas públicas de salud, en particular a través del SUS (Sistema Único de Salud), el principio de solidaridad sigue siendo desatendido frente a la pandemia en Brasil, como lo ha visto, por ejemplo, el almacenamiento de pruebas RT-qPCR (a punto de expirar) y subutilización del presupuesto para la pandemia. Así, si bien ya se ha demostrado que las medidas fundamentadas en este principio salvan vidas, como lo revelan experiencias exitosas en otros países, siendo, por tanto, un instrumento eficaz y económico, queda mucho por hacer en la aplicación de este principio en Brasil. Conclusión: inspirados en el principio de solidaridad, los gobiernos federal, estatal y municipal, y otros poderes, deben aunar esfuerzos para ofrecer políticas públicas y otras acciones adecuadas y efectivas para combatir el COVID-19 en Brasil.

Mosquito abundance in a Dirofilaria immitis hotspot in the eastern state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Coastal lowlands in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, support high numbers of heartworm-infected dogs. Microfilariae of heartworm need to be ingested by a potencial mosquito vector in order to develop into infective larvae and infect a new host. Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus and Ochlerotatus scapularis are the primary vector species in the coastal lowlands of metropolitan Rio de Janeiro; thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether these two species were abundant enough at the heartworm hotspot in the eastern area of the state to be important to the local parasite's life cycle. The study was conducted at the Massambaba sandbank (22°55'45″S;42°18'51″W), where canine heartworm prevalence was 53.1%. Mosquitoes were captured monthly using two traps with CO2, as well as eventual human landing. A total of 6118 mosquitoes of 16 species were collected. Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (37.5%), Culex quinquefasciatus (19.3%), Oc. scapularis (18.2%), and Coquillettidia sp. (10.5%) were the most abundant species. The monthly variation in frequency was marked for Oc. scapularis and Cx. quinquefasciatus and steadier for Oc. taeniorhynchus and Coquillettidia sp. The abundance of the two Ochlerotatus species reaffirms that they are the primary natural vectors for D. immitis in the coastal Rio de Janeiro state lowlands.

Assédio moral/mobbing e saúde mental: revisão sistemática de literatura / Moral harassment/mobbing and mental health: a systematic literature review

O assédio moral, ou mobbing, é um tipo de violência interpessoal que provoca prejuízos na saúde e no bem-estar dos trabalhadores. Este estudo analisou publicações sobre a relação entre assédio moral e saúde/doença mental, por meio de busca de artigos em bases de dados associando os termos "saúde/doença mental" e "assédio moral/mobbing", em português, inglês e espanhol, entre os anos de 2005 e 2017. Foram encontrados 106 artigos. Observou-se que o ano de maior publicação foi 2012 com 19 artigos. O Brasil publicou 27 artigos e a Espanha 18. Treze artigos estudaram trabalhadores da área da saúde, quarenta e cinco artigos utilizaram metodologia quantitativa e foram encontradas 30 revisões de literatura. Como resultado, destacamos a presença da depressão e ideação suicida como principais consequências observadas e as produções sobre medidas de prevenção e intervenção do assédio moral no trabalho

Workplace bullying (or mobbing) is a sort of interpersonal violence that damages health and welfare of workers. This research analyzed articles about the link between "workplace bullying" and "mental health/illness". A systematic literature review was performed in several databases, associating the terms "mental health/illness" and "workplace bullying/mobbing", in Portuguese, English and Spanish, between 2005 and 2017. One hundred and six articles were found. It was observed that the year of greatest publication was 2012 with nineteen articles. Brazil published twentyseven articles and Spain eighteen. Thirteen articles studied health workers, forty-five articles used quantitative methodology and thirty literature reviews were found. As a result, we highlight the presence of depression and suicidal ideation as the main consequences observed and productions on measures of prevention and intervention of bullying at work

Can P-glycoprotein and ß-tubulin polymorphisms be used as genetic markers of resistance in Dirofilaria immitis from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil?

OBJECTIVE: Dirofilaria immitis, the causative agent of canine heartworm infection, is worldwide the most important filarid to affect domestic dogs. Prevention of this infection is done by macrocyclic lactones, but some reports on the lack of efficacy have been published. Although the actual cause of resistance is unknown, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on a P-glycoprotein ABC transporter and ß-tubulin genes have been pointed out as candidates for genetic markers of resistance. We conducted a survey to verify the presence of these suggested genetic markers in microfilariae from 30 naturally infected dogs under macrocyclic lactones treatment living in an endemic area in the state of Rio de Janeiro. RESULTS: The analysis of these specific SNPs demonstrated no sign of polymorphism on the P-glycoprotein loci, while 72 and 48% of the samples were polymorphic to the first and second SNPs on ß-tubulin loci, respectively. This work demonstrates that the P-glycoprotein position 11 and 618 were not polymorphic and, therefore, not suitable as a genetic marker of resistance in Rio de Janeiro whereas both ß-tubulin loci were polimorphic. This work points out the difficulty of finding a universal genetic marker for resistance.

A systematic review of psychoneuroimmunology-based interventions.

Psychoneuroimmunology-based interventions are used to attenuated disease progression and/or side effects of pharmacological treatment. This systematic review evaluates the different therapeutic and/or clinical psychoneuroimmunology-based interventions associated to both psychological, neuroendocrine and immunological variables. The review was conducted for all English, Portuguese and Spanish language articles published between 2005 and 2015. Independent investigators analyzed 42 studies concerning human psychoneuroimmunology-based interventions. Decreased levels of cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine (stress-related hormones) were associated to interventions like yoga, meditation, tai chi, acupuncture, mindfulness, religious/spiritual practices, cognitive behavior therapy, coping and physical exercises. Moreover, those interventions were also associated to reductions in inflammatory processes and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cancer, HIV, depression, anxiety, wound healing, sleep disorder, cardiovascular diseases and fibromyalgia. Despite the associations between PNI variables and clinical/therapeutic interventions, only one study evidenced significant effects on a disease progression.

Serological evidence of canine exposure to arthropod-borne pathogens in different landscapes in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Arthropod-borne infections are dependent on environmental conditions, and several combinations of natural and human-related variables play an important role in vector populations as well as the life cycle of agents carried by the arthropods. The top 5 canine arthropod-transmitted agents, Dirofilaria immitis, Leishmania spp., Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Borrelia burgdorferi infect unprotected animals without propensity. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of these parasite species in three different landscape settings (sandbanks, plains and mountains) along a 60-km line. During a 6-month period, blood samples were collected from dogs (>12months old) living in the different settings. Prevalence of D. immitis was determined by modified Knott test and ELISA. Prevalence of E. canis, A. phagocytophilum, and B. burgdorferi was determined by ELISA, and Leishmania spp. by ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence, and immunocromatographic assays. D. immitis was most prevalent in the sandbank (68.9%) as well as Leishmania spp. (34.5%), and tick-transmitted agents, A. phagocytophilum and E. canis in the plains (61.7%). B. burgdorferi was not detected. Depending on the resources for arthropods present in regions, dogs are likely to be exposed to different arthropod-borne parasites and should receive preventives tailored to the risk of infection in the region in which the dog resides.

Pais encarcerados: narrativas de presos sobre a experiência da paternidade na prisão / Imprisoned fathers: narratives of inmates about the experience of fatherhood in prison / Padres encarcelados: narrativas de presos sobre la experiencia de la paternidad en la prisión

Considerando o expressivo crescimento da população prisional brasileira e o fato do encarceramento impactar não apenas o indivíduo preso, mas também seus familiares, investigamos a experiência paterna de 41 presidiários cumprindo pena em uma penitenciária paulista. Optamos por uma abordagem qualitativa que utiliza uma Narrativa Interativa, seguida de uma discussão em grupo, para explorar os sentidos afetivo-emocionais que a experiência da paternidade pode tomar na prisão. Os filhos figuram como incentivo à mudança de vida do preso, além de serem referidos como principal suporte emocional nesta condição de vulnerabilidade. Sentimentos de culpa, impotência e arrependimento marcam o relato dos participantes, além da preocupação com o futuro dos filhos. Relações conjugais conflituosas e exigências institucionais contribuem para a fragilização do vínculo pai-filhos. Os achados deste estudo sinalizam os potenciais benefícios que o fortalecimento dos vínculos familiares reverte para o bem estar dos filhos e a reintegração social do preso.

Considering the growth of the Brazilian prison population and the fact that the imprisonment impacts not only the prisoner, but also their relatives, we investigate the paternal experience of 41 inmates serving time in a penitentiary of Sao Paulo. As a qualitative approach we used an Interactive Narrative followed by a group discussion, to explore the affective-emotional meanings that the experience of fatherhood may take in prison. The children are featured as an incentive to change the inmate's life, and as main emotional support in this condition of vulnerability. Feelings of guilt, impotence and regret set the tone for the participants' narratives, beyond the concern with their children's future. Contentious marital relationships and institutional demands contribute to weaken the father-son bond. This study indicates the potential benefits that the strengthening of familial bonds may revert to the well being of the children and to the social reintegration of the inmate.

Considerando el expresivo crecimiento de la población penitenciaria brasileña y el hecho de que el encarcelamiento impacta el preso y sus familiares, hemos investigado la experiencia paterna de 41 prisioneros en una penitenciaria de São Paulo. Elegimos un abordaje cualitativo que utiliza una Narrativa Interactiva para explotar los sentidos afectivo-emocionales que la experiencia de la paternidad puede tener en la prisión. Los hijos representan un incentivo para el cambio de vida del preso y son el principal suporte emocional en esta condición de vulnerabilidad. Sentimientos de culpa, impotencia y arrepentimiento son frecuentes en el relato de los participantes, al lado de la preocupación con el futuro de los hijos. Relaciones conjúgales conflictivas y exigencias institucionales contribuyen para la fragilidad del vínculo padre-hijos. Este estudio señaliza los beneficios que el fortalecimiento de los vínculos familiares traen para el bien estar de los hijos e la reintegración social del preso.

Chemoprophylaxis of Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy 1856) infection at a high challenge environment.

BACKGROUND: The frequency of canine heartworm infection in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil was high before chemoprophylactic treatment was available, with one of the highest rates of infection (52.5 %) found among dogs living on the eastern shore of the state. Following the launch of a chemoprophylactic product, the rate of infection gradually decreased, and new infections were rarely reported. After 2005, outbreaks reported at the eastern shore as well as for new infections in other areas of high infection frequency were considered to possibly be related to reduced efficacy of macrocyclic lactones. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical heartworm preventatives from different drug families at the high challenge area of the state of Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: A total of 46 dogs, including animals negative for Dirofilaria immitis microfilariae and antigen (Snap 4 Dx, IDEXX Laboratories, USA) at the initial screening were randomly allocated to two monthly treatment groups. Dogs in one group received topical moxidectin + imidacloprid and dogs in the other group received topical selamectin for eight consecutive months. Blood samples were obtained for microfilariae and antigen detection until the eleventh month after the first treatment. Dogs becoming microfilaremic or antigenemic on or before day 180 were considered to be infected prior to the first dose and were excluded from the study. RESULTS: A total of 29 dogs completed the study, including 14 treated with moxidectin + imidacloprid and 15 treated with selamectin. No dogs treated with moxidectin + imidacloprid (0/14) became infected during the treatment period, whereas four dogs of the selamectin group (4/15) became infected. CONCLUSION: Topical moxidectin + imidacloprid is 100 % effective in preventing D. immitis infections in dogs living in a high challenge natural environment.

Mulheres que realizam papanicolaou: contribuições para a estratégia saúde da família / Women who have taken the papanicolaou test: contributions to the family health strategy

Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, quantitativo e descritivo com o objetivo de conhecer características sociodemográficas e clínicas das mulheres que realizaram exame de Papanicolaou coletado por enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família no Município de Novo Cruzeiro, Minas Gerais. Os dados secundários do Sistema de Informação sobre Câncer do Colo de Útero do Departamento de Informática do Ministério da Saúde, do período de 2006 a 2009, foram analisados, totalizando 8.281 exames, na proporção de 0,38 de exames em mulheres de 25 a 59 anos. A maioria estava na faixa etária de 25 a 34 anos (50,54%), com escolaridade até ensino fundamental (33,99%), realizou Papanicolaou anteriormente (73,92%) e a última coleta foi entre 1 e 3 anos (61,05%). Os resultados apontam para a necessidade do fortalecimento das ações educativas e de mobilização comunitária em busca da efetividade da adesão às práticas de cuidado em saúde, no cotidiano do trabalho da Saúde da Família.

Effects of doxycycline on the endosymbiont Wolbachia in Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856)--naturally infected dogs.

Dirofilaria immitis carries intracellular endosymbiotic bacteria of the genus Wolbachia, known to be vital for the worms and sensitive to tetracycline antibiotics. With the purpose of studying the interaction between D. immitis and the endosymbiont Wolbachia sp., heartworm naturally infected microfilaremic or antigenemic dogs were treated with doxycycline (10mg/kg/day of the drug in three cycles of 21 days each, with 6-month intervals). Blood samples were collected on days 0, 7 and 21 of each treatment as well as on day 111 after the beginning of each cycle. A final sample was collected on day 723 from the beginning of the first treatment. The samples were examined for the presence and number of microfilariae and the presence of antigen as well as the presences of D. immitis and Wolbachia sp. DNA using PCR (polymerase chain reaction). With this approach, an evaluation of the effect of doxycycline on antigenemia and on the presence of Wolbachia sp. DNA in dogs with heartworm infection was possible. Doxycycline treatment did not alter the detection of adult parasite antigens with the exception of two animals, though the number of animals carrying Wolbachia sp. DNA decreased, despite the presence of the microfilariae. The effect of the antibiotic therapy on the worms may have interfered with the transmission of heartworm disease because the population of microfilariae and the number of microfilaremic dogs were reduced and the microfilariae positive samples that were found did not test positive for Wolbachia sp. in many cases. These findings suggest that in areas were doxycycline is extensively used D. immitis transmission may be impaired by the reduction on the number of microfilariae and on the endosymbiotic bacteria in the larvae turning them incapable of completing development once they infected a new host.

Levantamento de problemas de enfermagem apresentados por pacientes com leucemia mielóide M3 atendidos em um Hospital Federal do Município do Rio de Janeiro

A leucemia mieloide aguda M3 e um subtipo de leucemia que acarreta diversos problemas de enfermagem, que deverão ser estudados e tratados, minimizando assim 0 aumento da incidência de mortalidade. Objetivos: Realizar um levantamento dos problemas de enfermagem apresentados pelos portadores de LMA M3, descrevendo os de maior prevalência, definindo os diagnósticos de enfermagem em pacientes atendidos na unidade clinica de oncohematologia de um hospital publico federal de atendimento oncológico, nos anos de 2005 a 2010. Método: Estudo descritivo exploratório retrospectivo, desenvolvido na unidade de oncohematologia adulta de um hospital publico federal na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A técnica da pesquisa e documental, com indivíduos com idade superior a 18 anos portadores de leucemia mielóide aguda M3, sendo realizada uma amostragem aleatória simples para seleção de prontuários. Os dados serão coletados de toda a equipe multiprofissional. Considerando a ausência de uma sistematização de intervenções de enfermagem para os problemas encontrados e uma intervenção efetiva no momento devido, nesta unidade, o estudo proposto fornecerá subsídios para a avaliação e intervenção adequada.

Paullinia cupana: revisão da materia médica / Paullinia cupana: review of materia medica

Paullinia cupana, o guaraná, é um dos mais promissores medicamentos originários da Amazônia, mas tem sido muito pouco estudado em homeopatia apesar de seu extenso uso na medicina indígena e popular. O presente artigo apresenta um estudo da planta e suas propriedades farmacológicas, seguido de um levantamento das fontes homeopáticas, incluindo um estudo patogenético realizado recentemente e não publicado. Desse modo, pretende-se contribuir ao conhecimento de um medicamento com grande potencial terapêutico.

Paullinia cupana, or guarana, is one among the most potentially fruitful remedies native of Brazilian Amazonia, nevertheless, it has been poorly studied in homeopathy despite its large-scale use in indigenous and folk medicine. This article presents a study of the plant and its pharmacological properties, followed by a review of the homeopathic sources, including a pathogenetic trial that has been carried out very recently and has not yet been published. In this way it is hoped to make a contribution to the knowledge of a remedy with significant therapeutic potential.

Paullinia cupana: revisão da materia médica / Paullinia cupana: review of materia medica

Paullinia cupana, o guaraná, é um dos mais promissores medicamentos originários da Amazônia, mas tem sido muito pouco estudado em homeopatia apesar de seu extenso uso na medicina indígena e popular. O presente artigo apresenta um estudo da planta e suas propriedades farmacológicas, seguido de um levantamento das fontes homeopáticas, incluindo um estudo patogenético realizado recentemente e não publicado. Desse modo, pretende-se contribuir ao conhecimento de um medicamento com grande potencial terapêutico.(AU)

Paullinia cupana, or guarana, is one among the most potentially fruitful remedies native of Brazilian Amazonia, nevertheless, it has been poorly studied in homeopathy despite its large-scale use in indigenous and folk medicine. This article presents a study of the plant and its pharmacological properties, followed by a review of the homeopathic sources, including a pathogenetic trial that has been carried out very recently and has not yet been published. In this way it is hoped to make a contribution to the knowledge of a remedy with significant therapeutic potential.(AU)

Motivos de ingresso nos programas de exercícios físicos oferecidos pelo serviço social do comércio – SECS-DF / Las Razones de Ingreso en los Programas de Ejercicios Físicos Ofrecidos por el Servicio Social del Comércio - SESC-DF / Reasons of Ingression in the Programs of Physical Exercises Offered by the Social Service of the Commerce-SESC-DF

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os motivos de ingresso dos praticantes de exercícios físicos dos Centros de Atividades do SESC-DF e verificar se eles se diferenciam conforme sexo, idade e tipos de exercícios físicos. Uma amostra representativa de 986 indivíduos de ambos os sexos (com 15 anos ou mais) respondeu um questionário construído e validado por Alves et al. (2007), cujos dados revelam que os sujeitos ingressaram nos programas (a) por indicação médica, (b) para evitar problemas de saúde e (c) para melhorar o condicionamento físico. Esses resultados sugerem que o argumento da saúde é o principal motivo que justifica a adesão aos programas de exercícios físicos do SESC-DF.

The objective of this study was to identify the reasons of adherence of the practitioners of physical exercises of the Centers of Activities of the SESC-DF and to verify if they differentiate according to sex, age and types of physical exercises. A representative sample of 986 individuals of both sexes (15 years or more) answered a questionnaire constructed and validated by Alves et al. (2007). The data reveal that the informants entered the programs (a) following medical indication, (b) to prevent problems of health and (c) to improve the physical conditioning. These results suggest that the argument concerning health is the main reason that justifies the adherence to the programs of physical exer-cises of the SESC-DF.

El objetivo de este estudio era identificar las razones del ingreso de las personas que hacen actividades físicas en los centros de las actividades del SESC-DF y verificar si ellas si distinguen según sexo, edad y los tipos de ejercicios físicos. Una muestra representativa de 986 individuos de ambos los sexos (15 años o más) contestó a un cuestionario construido y validado por Alves et al. (2007), cuyos dados divulgan que las personas habían incorporado los programas (a) por indicación médica, (b) para prevenir problemas de la salud y (c) para mejorar el condicionamiento físico. Esos resultados sugieren que la discusión de la salud sea la razón principal que justifica la adherencia a los programas de los ejercicios físicos del SESC-DF.

Octadecylsilane-modified silicas in the adsorption of toluene.

A series of octadecylsilane-modified silicas were prepared by sol-gel and grafting methods. Carbon contents and octadecyl chain conformations were shown to depend on the preparative route. Grafting engenders a low carbon content and a liquid-like chain conformation, while the sol-gel method affords a much higher carbon content and a crystalline conformation. The relationships between the toluene adsorption of the hybrid silicas and their chain conformations, their carbon contents and their textural characteristics are discussed. These sorbents, when used in combination with ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV DRS), can be employed as a rapid screening method for detection of aromatic compounds in water and air environmental matrices.

Paullinia cupana: atualização de patogenesia / Paullinia cupana: Update Hipertensión

Este estudo tem como objetivo propor nova patogenesia do medicamento Paullinia cupana, o nosso guaraná, bem como revisar literatura existente, revendo as Matérias Médicas Homeopáticas publicadas e a nova experimentação patogenética encontrada durante a pesquisa. Foram utilizadas como referência bibliográfica a Matéria Médica Pura de Allen e a Matéria Médica Clínica de Clarke, Hering, Hansen, Boericke, Nilo Cairo, Voisin e Vijnovisky, bem como a Matéria Médica online de G. Vithoulkas. Durante o estudo foram encontradas matérias médicas que deram origem à primeira patogenesia de Paullinia cupana de Allen (documentos datados de 1857 e 1875, de MacDowell e Trousseau e Pidoux, respectivamente), além de nova experimentação patogenética realizada na Alemanha pela Fundação Dr. B. K. Bose, em 2006. Os resultados da pesquisa visam uma revisão da literatura existente, além de propor a partir dos levantamentos realizados, uma nova patogenesia de Paullinia cupana, agora mais completa e com rubricas melhor definidas, trazendo uma indicação mais precisa do medicamento. (AU)

Mixture of vitamin C, hesperidin and piperidol exposure in pregnancy: maternal-fetal repercussions

To evaluate the reproductive performance and the development of their offspring on rat pregnancy, Wistar pregnant rats were gavaged with 0 mg/kg wb/day (control group, n = 20) and 166.5 mg/kg/day of a mixture of vitamin C, hesperidin and piperidol (experimental group, n= 20) during the organogenic period (from day 5 to 14 of pregnancy; positive vaginal smear = day 0). The female rats were killed on day 21 of pregnancy. The number of implantations, resorptions (dead embryos), and live/dead fetuses were counted for the analysis of the postimplantation loss rates. There was neither alteration in maternal reproductive performance, but it was verified an increase of the number of fetuses presenting dilated urether, hydronephrosis, and reduced ossification of skull due to the treatment of female rats with a mixture of vitamin C, hesperidin and piperidol, these abnormalities were considered transitory and may not interfere on offspring development. It was not verified other type of major malformation neither the appearance of fetuses presenting atrophy of upper limbs that it could be associated to use of this drug.

Identificação do comportamento e das medidas preventivas adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde frente à AIDS, na rede pública de saúde de Novo Hamburgo, RS / Identification of behavior and preventive measures taken by health professionals facing SIDA, in the public health network of Novo Hamburgo

O presente trabalho visa, através da avaliaçã do comportametno e das medidas de prevenção adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde da rede pública de um município do Rio Grande do Sul, diagnosticar um ponto para intervenção que possibilite, pelo esclarecimento, a prevenção da integridade física e mental desses trabalhadores.