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1.
Stomatologiia (Mosk) ; 100(2): 55-59, 2021.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33874662

RESUMO

The aim of the clinical study was to improve prevention of postoperative sialocele and fistulas of parotid glands. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 100 patients with tumors of parotid glands treated by superficial parotidecthomy. Fifty patients received incobotulinum toxin A preoperatively, while control group consisted of 50 patients without preoperative injections. RESULTS: Salivary fistulas formed in 17% of cases in control group. Discharging of saliva through the postoperative wound for 6 days after surgical treatment were noticed in the control group in 30% of cases. There were no complications such as forming of salivary fistula and sialocele and no saliva flow from the postoperative wound on the 4th day after surgical treatment in the main group. Conclusion. The use of botulinum toxin type A proved an efficient and effective way for prevention of postoperative salivary fistulas and sialocele.


Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A , Fístula , Doenças Parotídeas , Fístula/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Glândula Parótida/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Fístula das Glândulas Salivares/etiologia , Fístula das Glândulas Salivares/prevenção & controle
2.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31626223

RESUMO

Diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with spasticity remain a challenge, in which standard methodological approaches have not yet been developed. One of the most promising solutions to this problem is the use of the Modified Tardieu scale (MTS). The article describes the method of working with MTS tested in the examination, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (n=112) and patients with multiple sclerosis (n=17). The original version of MTS has been translated into Russian. The use of MTS assessment system allows the diagnosis of the main elements of the clinical picture of the damage to the central nervous system, such as paresis, spasticity, violation of proprioception, as well as the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the dynamics of rehabilitation and treatment of spasticity with botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT).


Assuntos
Esclerose Múltipla , Espasticidade Muscular , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Esclerose Múltipla/complicações , Espasticidade Muscular/diagnóstico , Espasticidade Muscular/etiologia , Paresia , Federação Russa , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações
3.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30335069

RESUMO

AIM: To develop and test a method of examination of patients with lower limb spasticity, to describe lower limb spasticity patterns in patients with brain damage and to assess the efficacy of abobotulinumtoxin A (dysport) in the rehabilitation of patients with stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Spasticity rating scales (MAS and Tardieu), the Barthel index, the Rankin scale , the Rivermead Mobility Index, the Hauser Ambulation Index, a comfortable walking test were used. Treatment satisfaction was assessed with the Visual analogue scale. Abobotulinumtoxin A (dysport) was used for treatment of lower limb spasticity. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Two most common patterns (dynamic and static) were identified in patients with post-stroke spasticity and the method of testing spasticity was developed. The prevalence of spasticity in individual muscles of the lower extremity was estimated as well. An analysis of the efficacy of dysport and a sensitive analysis of the scales used in the study were carried out.


Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A , Espasticidade Muscular , Fármacos Neuromusculares , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/uso terapêutico , Encéfalo , Humanos , Perna (Membro) , Espasticidade Muscular/tratamento farmacológico , Espasticidade Muscular/etiologia , Fármacos Neuromusculares/uso terapêutico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29927416

RESUMO

The problem-oriented approach in the rehabilitation of patients with spasticity requires careful assessment of the situation in the concept of The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF): impairment of the structure, functions and limitation of activity in specific environmental factors. Standardized tools in the assessment of muscle tone allow to get objective data about motor function. The use of the Modified Ashworth scale (MAS) and the Tardieu Scale are discussed. The standardized assessment of independent mobility is an important issue in outcome measuring. The ultimate goal of intervention, including the use of botulinum toxin therapy in the case of spasticity, is to support patient's daily activities. The article presents scales and tests for assessment of mobility: The Hauser Test, the Rivermead Mobility Index and functional assessment walking tests. The authors describe a clinical case of lower limb spasticity treatment with abobotulinumtoxin A and its assessment with these scales.


Assuntos
Extremidade Inferior , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A , Humanos , Espasticidade Muscular , Fármacos Neuromusculares , Modalidades de Fisioterapia
5.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28805760

RESUMO

AIM: To study the location and verification of motor points (MP) of the upper limbs for targeting botulinum toxin (BT) type A injections in the treatment of spasticity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty healthy people were examined. Using electromyography a complete study of the muscles of the upper limbs was conducted. RESULTS: Anatomical localization of MP was performed. The location of MP is identical and does not depend on sex, age and the dominant limb. Tables and maps of MP locations are presented. CONCLUSION: MP in the flexor muscles of the arm were identified. A surface map with MP location was created. This data may improve the clinical efficacy and feasibility of MP targeting, when injecting BT in spasticity.


Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/uso terapêutico , Espasticidade Muscular/diagnóstico , Espasticidade Muscular/tratamento farmacológico , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatologia , Fármacos Neuromusculares/uso terapêutico , Pontos-Gatilho/anatomia & histologia , Atividades Cotidianas , Adulto , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/administração & dosagem , Eletrodos , Eletromiografia/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intramusculares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fármacos Neuromusculares/administração & dosagem , Extremidade Superior/fisiopatologia , Adulto Jovem
7.
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk ; (9): 38-43, 2005.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16250330

RESUMO

Catalytic autoantibodies (abzymes) are autoantibodies that are potentially ready to realize certain effects in the organism, first of all antibody-mediated catalysis and cytotoxicity. Natural abzymes with protolytic (protabzymes) and DNA-hydrolyzing DNA-abzymes) activity are of the greatest interest. The most impressive example of the catalytic activity of protabzymes is hydrolysis of specific proteins, revealed in patients with autoimmune diseases, such as bronchial asthma (vasoactive intestinal neuropeptide), autoimmune thyroiditis (thyroglobulin), multiple sclerosis (myelin basic protein), and autoimmune myocarditis (cardiomyosin). The pathogenic role of DNA-abzymes is not quite clear yet. However, it has been proven that they present a powerful regulator of apoptosis and other cytotoxicity mechanisms in systemic autoimmune diseases and tumors. The most promising is use of abzymes as illness activity markers, and as therapeutic agents capable of catalyzing specific proteins or activating antitumoral chemotherapeutic preparations.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Catalíticos/metabolismo , Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Doenças Autoimunes/imunologia , Animais , Apoptose/imunologia , Asma/imunologia , Asma/metabolismo , Autoanticorpos/metabolismo , Doenças Autoimunes/metabolismo , Biomarcadores , Citotoxicidade Imunológica , DNA/imunologia , DNA/metabolismo , Humanos , Hidrólise , Camundongos , Esclerose Múltipla/imunologia , Esclerose Múltipla/metabolismo , Proteína Básica da Mielina/imunologia , Proteína Básica da Mielina/metabolismo , Pró-Fármacos , Tireoglobulina/imunologia , Tireoidite Autoimune/imunologia , Tireoidite Autoimune/metabolismo , Peptídeo Intestinal Vasoativo/imunologia
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