A one touch clamp and rack smart pump reduces mobilisation time and perceived burden of clinical staff members in charge of acute phase rehabilitation.

The purpose of this study was to experimentally assess the effect of a one touch clamp and rack smart pump on the time needed for patient mobilisation and the clinical staff`s perceived burden associated with these procedures when compared with the traditional type infusion system. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Multi-layer rack group (MULTI), One-touch pole clamp group (ONE), and a Control group (CON). In CON, traditional type pumps were replaced from pole stands to pole stands. In MULTI, the smart pumps were replaced from multi-layer rack to multi-layer rack, and in ONE the smart pumps were replaced from pole stands to multi-layer rack. In each group, the subject round-transported the simulated patient and re-replaced the pumps. The time of both pump replacements and the transport time were significantly shorter in MULTI and ONE compared with CON (p < 0.0001). The perceived burden of the replacement and transport were all significantly lower in MULTI and ONE than CON (p < 0.0001). The one touch clamp and rack smart pump reduced the time needed and perceived burden of mobilisation. These findings are anticipated to translate into progression in the delivery of early mobilisation and ultimately rehabilitation outcomes.

Pd(OAc)2/o-chloranil/M(OTf)n: a catalyst for the direct C-H arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with boryl-, silyl-, and unfunctionalized arenes.

Pd(OAc)(2)/o-chloranil/M(OTf)(n) can effectively promote the C-H arylation of fluoranthene with arylboron compounds or arylsilanes. The reaction takes place with high regioselectivity at the C3 position of fluoranthene. Moreover, the new catalytic system allows the use of unfunctionalized arenes as coupling partners in the arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Direct arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through palladium catalysis.

We have discovered that the combination of Pd(OAc)(2)/o-chloranil can catalyze the direct C-H bond arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with arylboroxins that occurs selectively at the K-region. The sequential integration of Pd-catalyzed direct arylation of PAHs and FeCl(3)-mediated cyclodehydrogenation is effective in rapidly extending a parent PAH π-system with high directionality.

Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular coupling of 2-[(2-pyrrolyl)silyl]aryl triflates through 1,2-silicon migration.

Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular direct arylation of 2-[(2-pyrrolyl)silyl]aryl triflates gives 3,2'-silicon-bridged 2-arylindoles and -pyrroles in good to high yields. The reaction proceeds through cleavage of C-OTf, C-Si, and C-H bonds to result in the formation of C-C and C-Si bonds. Various kinds of functional groups such as OMe, CN, Cl, F, and SiMe(3) tolerated the conditions. The new reaction allows synthesis of functionalized Si-bridged 2-arylindoles that emit intense and efficient blue fluorescence in the solid state.

Synthesis, crystal structure, and photophysical properties of (1E,3E,5E)-1,3,4,6-Tetraarylhexa-1,3,5-trienes: a new class of fluorophores exhibiting aggregation-induced emission.

Double Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction of (E)-2,3-diaryl-1,4-bis(diethylphosphonyl)but-2-ene with (p-substituted) benzaldehydes gave (1E,3E,5E)-1,3,4,6-tetraarylhexa-1,3,5-trienes in moderate to good yields. Substitution of electron-withdrawing or -donating groups at the para position of the 1,6-diphenyl groups induced a slight bathochromic shift of UV spectra measured in CHCl(3) compared with that of the parent 1,3,4,6-tetraphenylhexa-1,3,5-triene. Although fluorescence was not observed with all the trienes in CHCl(3), they markedly emitted visible light in powder forms with quantum yields of 0.15-0.44. Introduction of amino groups at the para position of the 3,4-diphenyl groups induced a bathochromic shift of emission maxima with good solid-state quantum yields. Thus, the tetraarylated triene framework is found to serve as a new class of fluorophores that exhibit aggregation-induced emission.

Silicon-bridge effects on photophysical properties of silafluorenes.

The preparation of 4,5-dimethylsilylene- or 4,5-tetramethyldisilylene-bridged 9-silafluorenes was achieved by lithiation of 2,2',6,6'-tetrabromobiphenyls followed by silylation with dichlorodimethylsilane or 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetramethyldisilane, respectively. X-ray analysis of the silylene-bridged silafluorene revealed that the molecular framework was perfectly planar and four Si-C(methyl) sigma bonds were completely orthogonal to the plane. Both the silicon atoms and the benzene rings were significantly deformed from the normal tetrahedral and hexagon shapes, respectively. The silicon bridge at the 4,5-positions was found to induce a red shift of the absorption and fluorescence spectra measured in cyclohexane, compared with 9-silafluorenes. It is remarkable that the disilylene-bridged silafluorene emitted blue light (lambda(em)=450 nm) with a large Stokes shift. The emission maxima of the silicon-bridged silafluorenes in thin films were similar to those measured in cyclohexane solution. DFT calculations suggested that introduction of the silicon bridge led to increases in both the HOMO and LUMO levels compared with 9-silafluorene.

Solid state structures and photophysical properties of (trimethylsilyl)methyl-substituted anthracenes and pyrenes.

(Trimethylsilyl)methyl groups incorporated at 9- and 9,10-positions of anthracenes and at 1,3,6,8-positions of pyrenes were found to orient perpendicular to the aromatic frameworks in their crystals and induce red-shift of UV absorption and fluorescence spectra and enhancement of fluorescence quantum yields as compared with the parent hydrocarbons.