Status of antioxidant and homocysteine-lowering vitamins related to cardiovascular diseases in hemodialysis patients.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality in hemodialysis patients. Oxidative stress and hyperhomocysteinemia may contribute to an increased risk of CVD. Therefore, we assessed the status of antioxidant and homocysteine-lowering vitamins related to cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients at Vasei hospital in Sabzevar. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 75 hemodialysis patients by using census method at Vasei Hospital in Sabzevar (Iran) in 2014. After measuring height and body weight, food intake was assessed by a 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire for at least two days (a non-dialysis and dialysis day), and food frequency was recorded with Nutritionist IV software. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16, using descriptive statistical tests, one sample t-test and independent samples t-test and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: This study was carried out on 75 patients. Mean age and BMI of patients were 49.95±17.22 years and 20.04±3.38 kg/m2, respectively. Intake of all vitamins with the exception of vitamin B12 in hemodialysis patients studied, were less than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the survey, consumption of antioxidants and B-vitamins related to cardiovascular disease was less than RDA in hemodialysis patients.

Study of fruit and vegetable intake in breast cancer patients in the city of Sabzevar.

INTRODUCTION: Diet is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for prevention and control of chronic diseases, including breast cancer. This study aimed to determine the fruit and vegetable intake in women with cancer breast in Sabzevar. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 125 women with breast cancer in Sabzevar in 2011. Census sampling was done on volunteers in a visiting home and suspected women referred to the mammography, ultrasound, and radiology clinic in the Sabzevar center for breast cancer. Demographic and semi quantitative food questionnaires of 160 foods were completed for each of the patients by trained interviewers. Data were analyzed using the software Nutritionist IV. Descriptive statistics, one-sample t-test, and Chi-square test were used, employing the SPSS version 16. RESULTS: In this study, 125 women were assessed with breast cancer. The highest risk with breast cancer was 35.5% in women 40 to 49 years old. The results of this study showed that patients with breast cancer had minimum daily recommended intake (3.06 ± 2.3 serving of fruits and 2.09 ± 1.81 serving of vegetables in days). One sample t-test showed that the mean intake of fruits and vegetables was not a significant deference with daily recommended intake (p>0.05). The chi-square test showed that patients with minimum daily recommended intake of fruits and vegetables were at high risk for breast cancer in comparison with those who received the highest amount (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: This study supports evidence that high vegetable and fruit intake is associated with lower breast cancer risk.