RESUMO
Abstract There is compelling evidence that bariatricweight loss reduces cardiovascular complications; however,these still tend to be the most common cause of late deathafter surgical intervention. In a prospective cohort study,correlations of dietary nutrients with indexes of vascularhealth were sought, with emphasis on vitamin D and calcium.Clinically stable obese outpatient subjects (>60 yearsold, N044) were interviewed about dietary macro andmicronutrients. Nutritional assessment targeted anthropometricand bioimpedance analysis (BIA), hematologiccounts, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, and inflammatorymarkers. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachialflow-mediated dilation (FMD), along with related vascularmeasurements, were documented, and results were correlatedby uni- and multivariate analysis, corrected for knownrisk factors. IMT, FMD, and also brachial basal flow werepositively influenced by vitamin D (P<0.001). Calciumappeared beneficial for brachial basal flow only (P00.010). No association with IMT occurred, and a negativeresult for FMD was elicited. Also, vitamins A and B12 wereadvantageous for FMD, whereas iron was deleterious forIMT. Intake of many micronutrients including calcium andvitamin D did not meet recommendations. Vitamin D displayeda beneficial profile regarding vascular health, andmore attention to this nutrient should be given, especiallyconcerning obese patients with cardiometabolic risk.Calcium exhibited less straightforward results but deservesfocus as well, along with antioxidant vitamin A as well asthe B-complex which were mostly deficient in thisexperience.
