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3.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 118(35)2021 08 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34426492

RESUMO

Humans are social animals, but not everyone will be mindful of others to the same extent. Individual differences have been found, but would social mindfulness also be shaped by one's location in the world? Expecting cross-national differences to exist, we examined if and how social mindfulness differs across countries. At little to no material cost, social mindfulness typically entails small acts of attention or kindness. Even though fairly common, such low-cost cooperation has received little empirical attention. Measuring social mindfulness across 31 samples from industrialized countries and regions (n = 8,354), we found considerable variation. Among selected country-level variables, greater social mindfulness was most strongly associated with countries' better general performance on environmental protection. Together, our findings contribute to the literature on prosociality by targeting the kind of everyday cooperation that is more focused on communicating benevolence than on providing material benefits.


Assuntos
Atenção Plena , Comportamento Social , Adolescente , Adulto , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Comportamento Cooperativo , Características Culturais , Feminino , Humanos , Internacionalidade , Masculino , Adulto Jovem
4.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull ; 38(2): 233-46, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22042666

RESUMO

Increasingly, individuals identify with two or more cultures. Prior research has found the degree to which individuals chronically integrate these identities (bicultural identity integration; BII) moderates responses to cultural cues: High BII individuals assimilate (adopting biases that are congruent with norms of the cued culture), whereas low BII individuals contrast (adopting biases that are incongruent with these norms). The authors propose BII can also be a psychological state and modulated by shifts in processing styles. In four experiments, the authors induced a global or local processing style using physical posture (Experiment 1) and cognitive manipulations (Experiments 2-4) and found that BII is enhanced in contexts facilitating a more global processing style (i.e., smiling, high-level construal, and similarity focus). The authors also found that contrastive responses to cultural cues are diminished when BII is situationally enhanced. Implications for research on processing style, identity integration, and performance in culture-based situations are discussed.


Assuntos
Asiático/psicologia , Cultura , Identificação Social , Pensamento/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Sinais (Psicologia) , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
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