Quality of Life and Associated Factors among Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by using a Specific GDMQ-36 Questionnaire: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) has physical, social, mental, and psychological consequences that can affect mothers' Quality of Life (QOL). This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the QOL of mothers with GDM and its associated factors using a specific questionnaire. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 mothers with GDM who were referred to clinics affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University and Qom University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2019-2020. The specific QOL questionnaire for women with GDM (GDMQ-36) and the demographic questionnaire were completed for participants. Independent variables were entered into the multiple linear regression model and were analyzed. Results: The total Mean(SD) score of the QOL of mothers with GDM who participated in the study was 46.83 (11.66) based on percentage. The highest and lowest QOL Mean (SD) scores were obtained on the support 76.50 (14.50) and concerns about a high-risk pregnancy 31.40 (19.80), subscales, respectively. The total QOL score decreased by 7.14 and 5 points on average in mothers treated with medication regimens and mothers who had a pre-high school education, respectively. The support subscale score increased by 5 points in mothers who had a previous history of GDM. Conclusions: The present study showed that the QOL of women with GDM had been severely affected by concerns about a high-risk pregnancy. Some individual and social factors can be associated with the QOL of mothers with GDM and its subscales.

Development and validation of the Iranian version of the Patient Privacy and Confidentiality Scale.

The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically validate the Iranian scale of patient privacy and confidentiality. This methodological study was conducted in two stages: first, a conventional content analysis was used to qualitatively identify concepts of privacy and confidentiality. Then, the face validity, content validity, and construct validity were assessed. Internal consistency coefficient and total consistency were checked. KMO and Bartlett's test were used to examine thequestionnaire for factor analysis. EFA identified seven factors that accounted for 55.25% of the total variance in the questionnaire score. The total Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.84 for the whole instrument. The Spearman reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.91 using the test-retest method.The final Iranian version of the Patient Privacy and Confidentiality Scale can be used as a valid and reliable instrument to measure the rate of observation of patient privacy and confidentiality.

Are maternal metabolic syndrome and lipid profile associated with preterm delivery and preterm premature rupture of membranes?

AIM: We aimed to evaluate the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components and lipid profile in mid-pregnancy with preterm delivery and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 203 pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, undergoing gestational diabetes screening test with 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT). Fasting serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured during the week after GCT assessment. Information on the participants' pre-pregnancy weight, demographic/reproductive characteristics, and height and blood pressure (BP) measurements were documented at baseline entry into the study. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the co-existence of 3 or more of the following criteria: Body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy ≥ 30 kg/m2, BP ≥ 130/85 mmHg, GCT ≥ 140 mg/dl, TG ≥ 150 mg/dl, and HDL-C ≤ 50 mg/dl. All participants were followed through routine prenatal care, up to delivery. Any deliveries or rupture of membranes of less than 37 weeks of pregnancy were considered preterm delivery and PPROM, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS V.20, and p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. FINDINGS: MetS was detected in 10 (4.9%) of participants. Logistic regression analysis showed HDL-C levels, and hypertension were associated with spontaneous preterm delivery [(OR 0.952, 95% CI 0.910-0.995), (OR 1.629, 95% CI 1.554-1.709) respectively], but no statistically significant results were found for PPROM. CONCLUSIONS: Low HDL-C levels and hypertension in mid-pregnancy are associated with the occurrence of spontaneous preterm deliveries, indicating that MetS and its components should be monitored more closely in pregnancy.