[Importance of outpatient ultrasonografically guided transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy in the decision algorithm of care for the infertile couple.The results of the Centre for Assisted Reproduction Gennet Liberec 2012--2013]. / Význam ultrazvukove asistované hydrolaparoskopie v rozhodovacím algoritmu péce o neplodný pár. Výsledky Centra asistované reprodukce Gennet Liberec 2012-2013.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the benefits of outpatient ultrasonografically guided transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy (UTHL) in the decision algorithm of care for the infertile couple. DESIGN: A retrospective study. METHODS: Impact results of UTHL on the management of sterility treatment at 532 IVF center clients in the period between 1. 8. 2012 and 31. 12. 2013. RESULTS: Physiological result was found in 46 cases (8.64%). Absolute tubal factor was confirmedat 56 cases (10.52%) - it means fluid absence in CD, relative tubal factor in 208 cases (39.09%), endometriosis in 159 cases (29.88%), adhesions in the abdominal cavity in 188 cases (35.33%), synechia of the cervix and/or in the uterine cavity in 35 cases (6.57%), polyp of cervix and/or in the uterine cavity in 38 cases (7.14%), hydrosalpinx in 31 cases (5.82%) , uterine anomalies in 17 cases (3.19%), myoma in 12 cases (2.25%) and tubal cysts at 5 cases (0.9%). 11 woman (2.06%) had adhesiones in places of punction in case we did not continue the operation. Complications have occurred in a total of 3 cases, one perforation of the uterine cavity and two women needed ATB therapy for infection (parametritis). One of them was admitted for one day observation. CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive procedure at one day surgery enables comprehensive diagnosis and individualizing of therapeutic procedure in the treatment of infertility without delay and at with high degree of safety for the client.

First Report of Tobacco streak virus on Dahlia in the Czech Republic.

Dahlia is an important ornamental crop in the Czech Republic where they have been grown for more than 150 years. New dahlia cultivars have been selected by Czech plant breeders. Virus diseases, including mosaic and stunt caused mostly by Dahlia mosaic virus, have been a problem. From 2003 to 2005, color breaking was observed in several dahlia cultivars of foreign and Czech origin. White stripes in blossoms were most frequently expressed in the second half of the flowering season. No symptoms are visible in flowers of white and yellow cultivars. It was difficult to characterize symptoms on leaves because most cultivars were infected simultaneously by Dahlia mosaic virus. Sap inoculations of Chenopodium quinoa produced local lesions after 5 to 7 days, followed by systemic chlorosis, necrosis of younger leaves, and death of the shoot apex, indicating possible Tobacco streak virus (TSV) infection (2). Spherical particles (25 to 30 nm) were observed in leaf-dip preparations of samples from experimentally infected C. quinoa plants and analyzed by using transmission electron microscopy. These particles became decorated when using immunoelectron microscopy with TSV IgG (Bioreba, Reinach, Switzerland and Neogen, Ayrshire, Scotland). Samples of 80 dahlia cultivars were tested for TSV infection by ELISA using commercially available kits (Bioreba and Neogen). Most of the samples were grown in a collection of dahlia cultivars of Czech and foreign origin and some were obtained from growers in the Czech Republic. Fifty six dahlia cultivars were shown to be TSV infected. ELISA also indicated a higher concentration of the virus in flowers. The identity of the virus isolated from symptomatic plants was confirmed by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using total RNA extraction from symptomatic plants. RT-PCR (4), using a primer pair (1) derived from the coat protein gene sequence of TSV (3), was followed by electrophoresis on 1.0% agarose gels. Products of the predicted size (approximately 700 bp) were found in naturally infected dahlia plants (n = 10), systemically infected host plants C. quinoa (n = 10), and symptomatic Nicotina megalosiphon (n = 10) that scored as TSV positive by ELISA. No bands of this size were seen in negative controls. To our knowledge, this is the first detection of TSV in the Czech Republic. References: (1) A. I. Bhat et al. Arch. Virol. 147:651, 2002. (2) A. A. Brunt Plant Pathol. 17:119, 1968. (3) B. J. C. Cornelissen et al. Nucleic Acids Res.12:2427, 1984. (4) S. S. Pappu et al. J. Virol. Methods 4:9, 1993.

First Detection of Phytoplasmas in Rhododendron in the Czech Republic.

A 10-year-old plant of rhododendron ('Cunningham's White' PS986) with leaf malformation and variegation was observed in Prague in 1997. This plant was micropropagated, and regenerants with severe, mild and no symptoms were obtained. Phytoplasma infection was detected using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the original PS986 plant and the symptomatic regenerants but not in nonsymptomatic plants. During 2002, phytoplasmas were also detected in rhododendron hybrids, PS2716 and PS2439, grown in Pruhonice that showed similar symptoms as the plant observed in Prague. In nested PCR, performed as described previously (1), primer pairs R16F1/R16R0 and R16F2/R16R2 were used. The phytoplasmas detected were classified by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using R16F2/R16R2 PCR fragments. Following digestion with restriction endonuclease MseI (Promega, Madison, WI), the restriction profiles obtained were identical with the pattern of the stolbur phytoplasma group (16SrXII group) as determined previously (2). To our knowledge, this is the first finding of stolbur-type phytoplasma in rhododendron worldwide. References: (1) R. Fialova et al. Plant Prot. Sci. 39(1):7, 2003. (2) I.-M Lee et al. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48:1153,1998.

First Report of Impatiens necrotic spot virus in the Czech Republic.

Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) was found for the first time in the Czech Republic in 1999 in Columnea sp. and Curcuma sp. plants that were imported. They were grown in a garden among other ornamental crops. By June 2000, INSV was detected in 17 ornamental plant species in several gardening establishments never having received imported plants. Frankliniella occidentalis thrips were present at the sites of INSV infection. Natural INSV infection was found also in Stellaria media, which is an important weed species in our conditions. INSV was identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using polyclonal antibodies to INSV from Loewe Biochemica, Germany, and from Bioreba, Switzerland. The virus was transmitted in sap to Nicotiana benthamiana and Datura stramonium (1). Virus particles typical of a tospovirus were detected by electron microscopy. INSV is the second tospovirus member occurring in the Czech Republic. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has occurred in this country since 1992 (2) and to date has been detected in more than 100 plant species including ornamentals, vegetables, and weeds. TSWV became a serious problem in glasshouse grown crops. From the epidemiological point of view the situation of INSV dissemination seems to be similar to that of TSWV. References: (1) M. Daughtrey et al. Plant Dis. 81:1220, 1997. (2) J. Mertelik and V. Mokra. Acta Virol. 42:348, 1998.

Tomato spotted wilt virus in ornamental plants, vegetables and weeds in the Czech Republic.

The occurrence of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in horticulture crops and weeds in the Czech Republic has been studied in 1992-1997. During this period TSWV was established in 91 plant species. Virus identity was based on the host range, serology and electron microscopy. Natural TSWV infection was detected in glasshouses where the main vector Frankliniella occidentalis was present too. The most frequently TSWV-infected plant species were Chrysanthemum morifolium and Zantedeschia sp. Among vegetable crops, the TSWV infection was very frequently detected in tomatoes and peppers. In all cases these plants were nursed or grown in glasshouses together with different species of ornamental plants, many of which were TSWV-infected. Among weeds, the TSWV infection occurred very often in Stellaria media and Galinsoga parviflora. These two plant species were prevalent in glasshouses and were also good hosts of F. occidentalis.