RESUMO
Excess adiposity is a risk factor for several cancer types. This is likely due to complex mechanisms including alterations in the lipid milieu that plays a pivotal role in multiple aspects of carcinogenesis. Here we consider the direct role of lipids in regulating well-known hallmarks of cancer. Furthermore, we suggest that obesity-associated remodelling of membranes and organelles drives cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Identification of cancer-related lipid-mediated mechanisms amongst the broad metabolic disturbances due to excess adiposity is central to the identification of novel and more efficacious prevention and intervention strategies.
Assuntos
Adiposidade , Carcinogênese/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Lipídeos/análise , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Obesidade/metabolismo , Carcinogênese/genética , Instabilidade Genômica/genética , Humanos , Inflamação/genética , Inflamação/metabolismo , Lipídeos/química , Neoplasias/genética , Obesidade/genéticaRESUMO
Frontal sinus fractures are common fractures in high-energetic trauma. Different treatments options are available for different types of frontal sinus fractures. A fracture that consists only of the anterior wall is most commonly reduced with the coronal approach. This approach is invasive and produces a large scar on the scalp, which can result in an unfavourable situation in patients with alopecia and in balding men. To avoid this, a percutaneous reduction method can be used to treat patients with simple anterior wall fractures. This approach is less invasive and does not result in a conspicuous scar. The disadvantages of this procedure are the absence of direct vision and less control of the fracture, which can reduce the chances of complete reduction. This paper provides an overview of anterior wall fractures of the frontal sinus and elaborates on the simple percutaneous reduction technique.
