Usefulness of the Distribution of Relaxation Time Method in Electroanalytical Systems: The Case of Voltammetric Ion-Selective Electrodes.

Despite the distribution of relaxation time (DRT) method providing clear insights about processes that go unnoticed by traditional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, it has not yet been adopted to solve electroanalytical systems. As an illustration case, we apply the DRT method to deconvolve EIS data from solid-state voltammetric ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). The main aim is to shed light on the underlying working mechanism across the different materials and interfaces, specifically, the doping of a conducting polymer when covered with a very thin (ca. 230 nm) permselective membrane. Although frequency-dependent AC measurements in EIS allow the separation of processes that contribute to the electrical signal, interpretation of the data is challenging. DRT may overcome this inconvenience by revealing a series of peaks corresponding to the predominant electrochemical processes, without any preknowledge on those. To demonstrate our hypothesis, we examine the conducting polymer poly(3-octylthiophene) (POT) linked to a membrane with sodium tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate (Na+TFPB-) as the cation exchanger, in which the lipophilic anionic part (TFPB-) is responsible for the POT doping when it gets electrochemically oxidized (POT+). The investigation of EIS data obtained under different conditions with the DRT method showed the occurrence of several processes. We have attributed two of these to two different conformational changes in the POT film in connection with p-type charge-transfer doping. Indeed, the kinetics is found to follow a Butler-Volmer behavior, with average charge transfers of 0.5 and 0.3 mol of electrons for each peak. Overall, we demonstrate the utility of the EIS-DRT tandem to separately study charge-transfer events that interconnect along the same (interfacial segmented) system, which cannot be reached by using classical electrochemical approaches. These kinds of insights are necessary for a more efficient design and high-level exploitation of voltammetric ISEs but also other electrochemical systems such as catalysts, batteries, and photovoltaic cells.

Association between bacterial resistance profile and the development of intra-abdominal abscesses in pediatric patients with perforated appendicitis: cohort study.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to determine the association between the presence of a microorganism resistant to the antibiotic used in empirical therapy and the development of intra-abdominal abscesses in children with perforated appendicitis. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted in patients under 18 years of age who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy between November 1, 2019, and September 30, 2020, in whom perforated appendicitis was documented intraoperatively. Peritoneal fluid samples were taken for bacteria culture purposes, and clinical and microbiological data were collected from all patients. RESULTS: A total of 232 patients were included in the study. The most isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli (80.14%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.45%). In addition, 5.31% of E. coli isolates were classified as ESBL-producing organisms. No association was found between a germ resistant to empiric antimicrobial therapy and the development of a postoperative intra-abdominal abscess. Multivariate analysis showed that being a high-risk patient on admission (OR 2.89 (p = 0.01)) was associated with the development of intra-abdominal abscesses postoperatively. CONCLUSION: E. coli was the most commonly isolated microorganism, with a low rate of ESBL-producing isolates. No association between resistance and risk of postoperative intra-abdominal abscess was found. However, it was identified that being a high-risk patient on admission was associated with this complication. TYPE OF STUDY: Prognosis study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I.

Presurgical time and associated factors as predictors of acute perforated appendicitis: a prospective cohort study in a teaching pediatric hospital in Colombia.

BACKGROUND: We aim to determine the association between out and in-hospital factors with time, from the beginning of the symptoms to the surgery, in patients with acute appendicitis treated at Fundación Hospital Pediatrico La Misericordia (HOMI) in Colombia. METHODS: Eleven month prospective cohort study of pediatric patients at HOMI with acute appendicitis diagnosis taken to surgery. Data from the out-of-hospital phase was collected by surveying parents, and the data regarding the in-hospital phase was completed with medical records. We analyzed the association between the time from the beginning of the symptoms to the surgery, and out and in-hospital factors associated with this time using generalized linear models. RESULTS: Eight hundred three patients were included in the study. Total pre-surgical time was longer in perforated appendicitis (PA) group (2.65 days, standard deviation (SD) 1.88 vs. 2.04 days, SD 1.45) (p < 0.01). Factors associated with longer total and out-of-hospital presurgical times were age under 4 years old, lower socioeconomic status, father as a caregiver, self-medication, and underestimating disease severity. CONCLUSIONS: Out-of-hospital timing determines the longer pre-surgical time in complicated appendicitis. Younger age and lower socioeconomic status affect time significantly. We suggest the implementation of strategies in order to lower prehospital time, rates, and costs of complicated appendicitis.

Clinical characterization of brief psychotic disorders triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter observational study.

This study aimed to characterize the clinical profile of patients with brief psychotic disorders (BPD) triggered by the psychosocial distress derived from the COVID-19 crisis. A multicenter study was conducted from March 14 to May 14, 2020 (the peak weeks of the pandemic in Europe). All consecutive patients presenting non-affective psychotic episodes with a duration of untreated psychosis of less than 1 month and whose onset was related to the COVID-19 crisis were recruited, but only those patients meeting Diagnostic Statistical Manual 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for "BPD with marked stressors" (DSM-5 code: 298.8) during follow-up were finally included. Patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected at baseline and summarized with descriptive statistics. During the study period, 57 individuals with short-lived psychotic episodes related to the emotional stress of the COVID-19 pandemic were identified, of whom 33 met DSM-5 criteria for "BPD with marked stressors". The mean age was 42.33 ± 14.04 years, the gender distribution was almost the same, and the majority were rated as having good premorbid adjustment. About a quarter of the patients exhibited suicidal symptoms and almost half presented first-rank schizophrenia symptoms. None of them were COVID-19 positive, but in more than half of the cases, the topic of their psychotic features was COVID-19-related. The coronavirus pandemic is triggering a significant number of BPD cases. Their risk of suicidal behavior, their high relapse rate, and their low temporal stability make it necessary to closely monitor these patients over time.

A soft on/off switch based on the electrochemically reversible H-J interconversion of a floating porphyrin membrane.

Soft molecular assemblies that respond reversibly to external stimuli are attractive materials as on/off switches, in optoelectronic, memory and sensor technologies. In this Edge Article, we present the reversible structural rearrangement of a soft porphyrin membrane under an electrical potential stimulus in the absence of solid-state architectures. The free-floating porphyrin membrane lies at the interface between immiscible aqueous and organic electrolyte solutions and is formed through interfacial self-assembly of zinc(ii) meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrins (ZnPor). A potential difference between the two immiscible electrolyte solutions induces the intercalation of bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium cations from the organic electrolyte that exchange with protons in the porphyrin membrane. In situ UV/vis absorbance spectroscopy shows that this ionic intercalation and exchange induces a structural interconversion of the individual porphyrin molecules in the membrane from an H- to a J-type molecular configuration. These structural rearrangements are reversible over 30 potential cycles. In situ polarisation-modulation fluorescence spectroscopy further provides clear evidence of structural interconversion of the porphyrin membrane, as intercalation of the organic electrolyte cations significantly affects the latter's emissive properties. By adjusting the pH of the aqueous phase, additional control of the electrochemically reversible structural interconversion can be achieved, with total suppression at pH 3.

Pathway Complexity in Supramolecular Porphyrin Self-Assembly at an Immiscible Liquid-Liquid Interface.

Nanostructures that are inaccessible through spontaneous thermodynamic processes may be formed by supramolecular self-assembly under kinetic control. In the past decade, the dynamics of pathway complexity in self-assembly have been elucidated through kinetic models based on aggregate growth by sequential monomer association and dissociation. Immiscible liquid-liquid interfaces are an attractive platform to develop well-ordered self-assembled nanostructures, unattainable in bulk solution, due to the templating interaction of the interface with adsorbed molecules. Here, we report time-resolved in situ UV-vis spectroscopic observations of the self-assembly of zinc(II) meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (ZnTPPc) at an immiscible aqueous-organic interface. We show that the kinetically favored metastable J-type nanostructures form quickly, but then transform into stable thermodynamically favored H-type nanostructures. Numerical modeling revealed two parallel and competing cooperative pathways leading to the different porphyrin nanostructures. These insights demonstrate that pathway complexity is not unique to self-assembly processes in bulk solution and is equally valid for interfacial self-assembly. Subsequently, the interfacial electrostatic environment was tuned using a kosmotropic anion (citrate) in order to influence the pathway selection. At high concentrations, interfacial nanostructure formation was forced completely down the kinetically favored pathway, and only J-type nanostructures were obtained. Furthermore, we found by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy that the J- and H-type nanostructures obtained at low and high citric acid concentrations, respectively, are morphologically distinct, which illustrates the pathway-dependent material properties.

Reactive psychoses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: clinical perspectives from a case series / Psicosis reactivas en el contexto de la pandemia del COVID-19: perspectivas clínicas de una serie de casos

INTRODUCTION: The world is currently undergoing an extremely stressful scenario due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This unexpected and dramatic situation could increase the incidence of mental health problems, among them, psychotic disorders. The aim of this paper was to describe a case series of brief reactive psychosis due to the psychological distress from the current coronavirus pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report on a case series including all the patients with reactive psychoses in the context of the COVID-19 crisis who were admitted to the Virgen del Rocío and Virgen Macarena University Hospitals (Seville, Spain) during the first two weeks of compulsory nationwide quarantine. RESULTS: In that short period, four patients met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria for a brief reactive psychotic disorder. All of the episodes were directly triggered by stress derived from the COVID-19 pandemic and half of the patients presented severe suicidal behavior at admission. CONCLUSIONS: We may now be witnessing an increasing number of brief reactive psychotic disorders as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of psychosis has a high risk of suicidal behavior and, although short-lived, has a high rate of psychotic recurrence and low diagnostic stability over time. Therefore, we advocate close monitoring in both the acute phase and long-term follow-up of these patients

INTRODUCCIÓN: El mundo está experimentando un escenario extremadamente estresante a causa de la pandemia del COVID-19. Esta situación inesperada y dramática podría incrementar la incidencia de los problemas de salud mental y, entre estos, los trastornos psicóticos. El objetivo de este documento es describir una serie de casos de psicosis reactiva breve, debidos al distrés psicológico debido a la pandemia actual de coronavirus. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Reportamos una serie de casos que incluye a todos los pacientes con psicosis reactiva en el contexto de la crisis del COVID-19, ingresados en los Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío y Virgen Macarena (Sevilla, España) durante las 2 primeras semanas de la cuarentena obligatoria a nivel nacional. RESULTADOS: En este breve espacio de tiempo, 4 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de trastorno psicótico breve del manual diagnóstico y estadístico de trastornos mentales (DSM-5). Todos los episodios fueron desencadenados por el estrés derivado de la pandemia del COVID-19, y la mitad de los pacientes presentaron un comportamiento suicida grave a su ingreso. CONCLUSIONES: Actualmente podemos estar asistiendo a un incremento del número de trastornos psicóticos reactivos breves, como resultado de la pandemia del COVID-19. Este tipo de psicosis tiene un elevado riesgo de comportamiento suicida y, aunque es transitorio, tiene una elevada tasa de recurrencia psicótica y baja estabilidad diagnóstica a lo largo del tiempo. Por tanto, somos partidarios de una supervisión estrecha tanto en la fase aguda como en el seguimiento a largo plazo de estos pacientes

Reactive psychoses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical perspectives from a case series.

INTRODUCTION: The world is currently undergoing an extremely stressful scenario due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This unexpected and dramatic situation could increase the incidence of mental health problems, among them, psychotic disorders. The aim of this paper was to describe a case series of brief reactive psychosis due to the psychological distress from the current coronavirus pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report on a case series including all the patients with reactive psychoses in the context of the COVID-19 crisis who were admitted to the Virgen del Rocío and Virgen Macarena University Hospitals (Seville, Spain) during the first two weeks of compulsory nationwide quarantine. RESULTS: In that short period, four patients met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria for a brief reactive psychotic disorder. All of the episodes were directly triggered by stress derived from the COVID-19 pandemic and half of the patients presented severe suicidal behavior at admission. CONCLUSIONS: We may now be witnessing an increasing number of brief reactive psychotic disorders as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of psychosis has a high risk of suicidal behavior and, although short-lived, has a high rate of psychotic recurrence and low diagnostic stability over time. Therefore, we advocate close monitoring in both the acute phase and long-term follow-up of these patients.

Reactive psychoses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical perspectives from a case series.

Introduction: The world is currently undergoing an extremely stressful scenario due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This unexpected and dramatic situation could increase the incidence of mental health problems, among them, psychotic disorders. The aim of this paper was to describe a case series of brief reactive psychosis due to the psychological distress from the current coronavirus pandemic. Materials and methods: We report on a case series including all the patients with reactive psychoses in the context of the COVID-19 crisis who were admitted to the Virgen del Rocío and Virgen Macarena University Hospitals (Seville, Spain) during the first two weeks of compulsory nationwide quarantine. Results: In that short period, four patients met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria for a brief reactive psychotic disorder. All of the episodes were directly triggered by stress derived from the COVID-19 pandemic and half of the patients presented severe suicidal behavior at admission. Conclusions: We may now be witnessing an increasing number of brief reactive psychotic disorders as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of psychosis has a high risk of suicidal behavior and, although short-lived, has a high rate of psychotic recurrence and low diagnostic stability over time. Therefore, we advocate close monitoring in both the acute phase and long-term follow-up of these patients.

Introducción: El mundo está experimentando un escenario extremadamente estresante a causa de la pandemia del COVID-19. Esta situación inesperada y dramática podría incrementar la incidencia de los problemas de salud mental y, entre estos, los trastornos psicóticos. El objetivo de este documento es describir una serie de casos de psicosis reactiva breve, debidos al distrés psicológico debido a la pandemia actual de coronavirus. Materiales y métodos: Reportamos una serie de casos que incluye a todos los pacientes con psicosis reactiva en el contexto de la crisis del COVID-19, ingresados en los Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío y Virgen Macarena (Sevilla, España) durante las 2 primeras semanas de la cuarentena obligatoria a nivel nacional. Resultados: En este breve espacio de tiempo, 4 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de trastorno psicótico breve del manual diagnóstico y estadístico de trastornos mentales (DSM-5). Todos los episodios fueron desencadenados por el estrés derivado de la pandemia del COVID-19, y la mitad de los pacientes presentaron un comportamiento suicida grave a su ingreso. Conclusiones: Actualmente podemos estar asistiendo a un incremento del número de trastornos psicóticos reactivos breves, como resultado de la pandemia del COVID-19. Este tipo de psicosis tiene un elevado riesgo de comportamiento suicida y, aunque es transitorio, tiene una elevada tasa de recurrencia psicótica y baja estabilidad diagnóstica a lo largo del tiempo. Por tanto, somos partidarios de una supervisión estrecha tanto en la fase aguda como en el seguimiento a largo plazo de estos pacientes.

Prevalence of organ-space surgical site infections after appendectomy for ruptured appendix in children / Prevalencia de la infección del sitio operatorio órgano-espacio en apendicitis perforada en niños

Abstract Introduction: Appendicitis can be classified as non-perforated and perforated; based on such classification, the reported organ-space surgical site infection (OS-SSI) rate is 0.8% and 18%, respectively. Objective: To establish the prevalence of OS-SSI in patients with perforated appendicitis treated in a pediatric hospital in 2012. Materials and methods: Retrospective, observational and descriptive study conducted at Fundación Hospital Pediátrico La Misericordia, with a random sample of200 patients, ofwhich 160 met the inclusion criteria. Results: 20 patients (12.5%) presented with OS-SSI and all of them received antibiotic treatment; 70% did not require abscess drainage. Patients ≥8 years of age had 5 times more abscesses than younger ones (17.6% vs. 3.4%). OS-SSI was found in 33% of patients with free fecalith and in 50% of the patients who required postoperative management at the ICU vs. 9.5% of the patients who received management in the intermediate care unit and the inpatient hospital floors. The total rate of surgical site infection was 24.3% (11.8% superficial, 0% deep and 12.5% organ-space). Conclusions: The prevalence of OS-SSI found here is lower than what has been reported in the literature. Being 8 years or older and having free fecalith are risk factors to develop this type of infection. The higher frequency of OS-SSI in patients treated at the ICU during the post-operative period observed here suggests that this condition may be associated with septic shock.

Resumen Introducción. La apendicitis se clasifica en no perforada y perforada; de acuerdo a esta clasificación, la tasa de infección del sitio operatorio órgano-espacio (ISO-OE) es de 0.8% y 18%, respectivamente. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de ISO-OE en pacientes con apendicitis perforada en un hospital pediátrico en 2012. Materiales y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo y observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra fue aleatoria y de 200 pacientes, 160 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Resultados. Los 20 pacientes (12.5%) que presentaron ISO-OE recibieron manejo antibiótico; 70% no requirió drenaje de colección. Los pacientes ≥8 años presentaron 5 veces más ISO-OE (17.6% vs. 3.4%). El 33% de los pacientes con fecalito en cavidad y el 50% que se hospitalizó en post-operatorio inmediato en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) desarrollaron ISO-OE versus 9.5% de los pacientes atendidos en la unidad de cuidados intermedios y pisos. El total de ISO fue 24.3%: 11.8% superficial, 0% profunda y 12.5% de órgano-espacio. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de ISO-OE encontrada es menor a la reportada en la literatura. La edad ≥8 años y el fecalito en cavidad son factores de riesgo para desarrollar este tipo de infección. La mayor frecuencia de ISO-OE en pacientes manejados en el posoperatorio en UCI sugiere que esta condición puede estar asociada con el choque séptico.

Accelerated fatigue resistance of novel-design histoanatomic implant restorations made of CAD/CAM bilaminar assemblies.

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the fatigue resistance and failure mode of novel-design implant restorations made of histoanatomic computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) bilaminar bonded assemblies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 60 screw-retained implant restorations were fabricated. Monolithic restorations were used as a control group (15 lithium disilicate: group CE; and 15 nanofilled composite resin: group CL), and compared with bilaminar restorations (15 dentin-shaped lithium disilicate mesostructures with a bonded nanofilled composite resin veneer: group CEL; and 15 dentin-shaped nanofilled composite resin mesostructures with a bonded lithium disilicate veneer: group CLE). All monolithic and bilaminar restorations were assembled and bonded to a customized metal implant abutment. Cyclic isometric chewing (5 Hz) at a 30-degree angle was simulated, starting with 5,000 cycles at a load of 150 N, followed by 20,000 cycles with increments of 50 N. Samples were loaded until fracture or to a maximum of 160,000 cycles. The groups were compared using the Life Table survival analysis (logrank test at P = 0.05; post hoc tests at P = 0.008). RESULTS: In the CL group, restorations failed at an average load of 347.39 N (98.361 cycles), and in the CLE group at an average load of 313.20 N (83.105 cycles), and none of the specimens withstood all 160,000 load cycles. In the CE group, restorations failed at an average load of 381.47 N (119.115 cycles), and in the CEL group at an average load of 415.20 N (132.873 cycles), with survival rates of 26% and 33%, respectively. Post hoc tests from the load step data showed higher fatigue resistance of CEL compared with CLE (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Lithium disilicate monolithic restorations and mesostructures with nanofilled composite resin veneer presented higher survival rates when compared with nanofilled composite resin restorations.

Partial-prep bonded restorations in the anterior dentition: Long-term gingival health and predictability. A case report.

Bonded porcelain restorations are a predictable and durable treatment option that can restore not only the strength and function of the teeth but also the esthetic appearance. One important issue in adhesive dentistry is the preservation of sound enamel. Following biomimetic principles, employing minimally invasive applications and adhesive technologies is of paramount importance for successful restorations. While it is widely accepted that minimally invasive restorative techniques should be favored, there is still some controversy over the noninvasive approaches. The purpose of this article is to question the complete "no-prep veneer" concept due to the possible negative effects on periodontal health caused by excessive contour and overhangs of the ceramic restoration, and to propose a new method to assess the quality and longevity of veneers with a partial-prep concept.

Rehabilitación de una maxila atrófica con el uso de implantes inclinados <

La reabsorción de la maxila presenta limitaciones en la colocación de implantes por medio de la técnica convencional. El concepto de <

Maxillary resorption inflicts limitations to implant placement when using conventional techniques. The concept of <

Cirugía guiada en implantología / Guided surgery in implantology practice

En la implantología han sido realizadas cirugías con el auxilio de tomografías computarizadas asociadas a tecnología CAD/CAM. Las imágenes digitales obtenidas permiten que los profesionales realicen una planeación quirúrgica virtual en software específicos, obteniendo como resultado una guía prototipada que permite la realización de una cirugía con un menor tiempo clínico, sin colgajos y suturas, y con un excelente resultado postoperatorio. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la secuencia de un caso clínico donde los implantes fueron posicionados por cirugía guiada.

In the field of implantology, surgical procedures have been performed with the assistance of computerized tomographies associated to the CAD/CAM technology. Digital images thus obtained, allow professionals to perform virtual surgical planning in specific software. This results in a prototyped guide which enables surgical procedures to be achieved in lesser clinical time, without flaps or sutures, yielding excellent post-operative results. The aim of the present article was to present the sequence of a clinical case in which implants were placed using guided surgery.

Arcada dentária reduzida: conceitos e atualidades: revisão da literatura / Shortened dental archs: Concepts and current knowledge: literature review

Objetivos: evidenciar as vantagens e desvantagens do conceito de arcada dentária reduzida na reabilitação dos pacientes com prótese convencional e prótese sobre implantes, ampliando as opções de tratamento aos pacientes. Revisão de literatura: o conceito restaurador tradicional faz com que a dentição entre num ciclo de reparo permanente, mais de 50% dos trabalhos restauradores consistem no reparo de restaurações prévias. A arcada dentária reduzida tem sido estudada já há bastante tempo e há evidências que atestam a sua previsibilidade como opção nos tratamentos odontológicos. Discussão: a arcada dentária reduzida é indicada para simplificar o plano de tratamento, mas é importante considerar suas limitações em pacientes jovens, por terem um alto requerimento funcional, pacientes com mordida aberta anterior, pacientes com relação oclusal tipo Classe II e III severa, desgastes oclusais severos e pacientes bruxistas. Conclusão: o tratamento dentário visa manter a função natural da dentição durante a vida, incluindo as funções sociais e biológicas, como a auto-estima, estética, fonética, mastigação e conforto bucal. A filosofia da arcada dentária reduzida atende a todos esses requisitos, ampliando as opções de tratamento aos pacientes.

Aim: To highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the concept of shortened dental arch in the rehabilitation of a dentition with conventional and implant supported prosthesis, expanding treatment options to patients. Review: The traditional restorative concept makes the dentition a cycle of permanent repair, more than 50% of the restorative treatments consists on the repair of previous restorations. The shortened dental arch has been studied for some time and there is evidence that shows its predictability as an option in dental treatments. Discussion: The shortened dental arch is indicated to simplify the treatment plan, but it is important to consider their limitations in young patients that frequently have a high requirement for functionality, in patients with anterior open bite or with occlusal relationship type Class II and III, severe occlusal wear and in patients with bruxism. Conclusion: Dental treatment aims to maintain the natural function of the dentition during life, including social and biological functions, such as self-esteem, aesthetics, phonetics, chewing and oral comfort. The philosophy of the shortened dental arch meets all these requirements, expanding treatment options to patients.

Implante corto como alternativa para evitar los injertos óseos: reporte caso clínico / Short implants as an alternative to prevent bone graft: a clinical case report

La utilización de implantes cortos para rehabilitar áreas con poca altura de reborde alveolar ha sido controversial y sus resultados aunque son promisores son preliminares, y se necesitan deresultados a largo plazo. Sin embargo, su tasa de éxito ha ido creciendo con el pasar de los años. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir y discutir un relato de caso clínico sobre lautilización de implante curto en la región posterior de la maxila

The use of short implants to rehabilitate low-lying areas of the alveolar ridge has been controversial and the results are promising, though preliminary, and need long-term results. However, their success rate has been growing over the years. This paper aims to describe and discuss a clinical case report on the use of short implant in the posterior region of the maxil

Obtenção da estética com prótese parcial removível / Esthetics using removable partial dentures

A restauração de dentes anteriores perdidos é grande desafio para o cirurgião-dentista. Nesses casos, o tratamento preferido tem sido a confecção de próteses sobre implantes. A adequada instalação dos implantes depende da presença de tecidos moles e duros, e, caso eles não estejam presentes, implica a necessidade de cirurgias compensatórias, que prolongarão o tempo de tratamento. Quando não há possibilidade de instalar implantes, as próteses fixas têm sido outra opção, porém, a necessidade de preparar os dentes vizinhos, a presença de grandes áreas edêntulas, bem como pilares com coroa clínica curta podem inviabilizar essa alternativa de tratamento. Uma interessante abordagem restauradora para essa área é a utilização de uma prótese parcial removível com duplo eixo de inserção, pois, além de ser tratamento protético pouco invasivo, não inviabiliza a utilização de outras modalidades de tratamento no futuro, e seu desenho colabora para adequado resultado estético...

The replacement of missing anterior teeth is a great challenge to the dentist. In such cases, the treatment of choice today is implant-supported restorations. Proper placement of implant fixtures depends on the volume and height of soft and hard tissues. When they are not available, the need for compensatory surgery extends the treatment time. When implants are not feasible, fixed partial dentures are a choice, but the preparation of the adjacent teeth, the presence of large edentulous areas, and short clinical crowns may prevent this treatment option. Another interesting approach to restore the anterior region is the use of a removable partial denture with double insertion path. This approach is a less invasive prosthetic treatment, and presents advantages such as reversibility and proper design that allos for a esthetic result...