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1.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 16704, 2022 10 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36202959

RESUMO

Wastewater-based epidemiology has shown to be an efficient tool to track the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in communities assisted by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The challenge comes when this approach is employed to help Health authorities in their decision-making. Here, we describe the roadmap for the design and deployment of SARSAIGUA, the Catalan Surveillance Network of SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage. The network monitors, weekly or biweekly, 56 WWTPs evenly distributed across the territory and serving 6 M inhabitants (80% of the Catalan population). Each week, samples from 45 WWTPs are collected, analyzed, results reported to Health authorities, and finally published within less than 72 h in an online dashboard ( https://sarsaigua.icra.cat ). After 20 months of monitoring (July 20-March 22), the standardized viral load (gene copies/day) in all the WWTPs monitored fairly matched the cumulative number of COVID-19 cases along the successive pandemic waves, showing a good fit with the diagnosed cases in the served municipalities (Spearman Rho = 0.69). Here we describe the roadmap of the design and deployment of SARSAIGUA while providing several open-access tools for the management and visualization of the surveillance data.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Humanos , Pandemias , RNA Viral , Esgotos , Águas Residuárias , Vigilância Epidemiológica Baseada em Águas Residuárias
2.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 74(1): 15-21, Ene 1, 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-217561

RESUMO

Introducción: El traumatismo craneal por maltrato (TCM) se define como todo traumatismo que ocasiona lesiones intracraneales debido a un impacto directo infligido y/o zarandeo, y se caracteriza por la tríada de encefalopatía, hemorragias retinianas y hematoma subdural. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y radiológicas, así como las secuelas de los pacientes diagnosticados de TCM. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio descriptivo observacional retrospectivo de los 19 pacientes diagnosticados de TCM en un hospital terciario entre 1990 y 2018, ambos inclusive. Resultados: La edad media de los afectados fue de 5,5 meses y existe paridad entre ambos sexos. Las anamnesis aportadas por los cuidadores fueron: ausencia de traumatismo (n = 9), antecedente de caída (n = 6) y zarandeo (n = 4). La clínica inicial más prevalente fueron los síntomas graves, y las convulsiones fueron el síntoma más frecuente (n = 8). Quince pacientes presentaron hemorragias retinianas y otros 15, hematoma subdural o higroma. Dos pacientes fallecieron, siete presentaron secuelas en el alta y 10 de los 12 pacientes en los que se realizó seguimiento presentaron secuelas tardías manifestadas como secuelas cognitivas/comportamiento (n = 5) o como secuelas neurológicas (n = 6). Conclusiones: Las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y radiológicas son muy similares a las publicadas en la bibliografía. La presencia de secuelas es prevalente y éstas se manifiestan tanto como problemas cognitivos y de comportamiento como por secuelas neurológicas.(AU)


Introduction: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is defined as an injury to the skull or intracranial contents due to inflicted blunt impact and/or shaking. It is characterized by the triad: encephalopathy, retinal haemorrhages and subdural hematoma. The main objective is to know the epidemiological, clinical and radiological characteristics; as well as the short and long term outcomes of patients diagnosed with AHT. Patients and methods: It is a descriptive, observational and retrospective study of the 19 patients diagnosed with AHT at a tertiary hospital from 1990 to 2018, both included. Results: The mean age of the patients was 5,5 months with parity between both sexes. The principal medical histories reported were: absence of trauma (n = 9), history of a short fall (n = 6) and shaking (n = 4). The most frequent initial presentation was severe, and seizures was the main symptom (n = 8). Retinal haemorrhages were present in fifteen patients and subdural hematoma or hygroma in fifteen patients. Two patients died, seven presented short-term outcomes, and ten of the twelve patients who were performed a follow-up presented long-term outcomes. These outcomes were manifested as cognitive or behavioural disorders (n = 5) or as neurological disorders (n = 6). Conclusions: The epidemiological, clinical and radiological characteristics found are very similar to those reported in the literature. The prevalence of outcomes is high and they appear as cognitive or behavioural disorders.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Crânio/lesões , Hematoma Subdural , Hemorragia Retiniana , Síndrome do Bebê Sacudido , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos
3.
Rev Neurol ; 74(1): 15-21, 2022 01 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34927701

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is defined as an injury to the skull or intracranial contents due to inflicted blunt impact and/or shaking. It is characterized by the triad: encephalopathy, retinal haemorrhages and subdural hematoma. The main objective is to know the epidemiological, clinical and radiological characteristics; as well as the short and long term outcomes of patients diagnosed with AHT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It is a descriptive, observational and retrospective study of the 19 patients diagnosed with AHT at a tertiary hospital from 1990 to 2018, both included. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 5,5 months with parity between both sexes. The principal medical histories reported were: absence of trauma (n = 9), history of a short fall (n = 6) and shaking (n = 4). The most frequent initial presentation was severe, and seizures was the main symptom (n = 8). Retinal haemorrhages were present in fifteen patients and subdural hematoma or hygroma in fifteen patients. Two patients died, seven presented short-term outcomes, and ten of the twelve patients who were performed a follow-up presented long-term outcomes. These outcomes were manifested as cognitive or behavioural disorders (n = 5) or as neurological disorders (n = 6). CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological, clinical and radiological characteristics found are very similar to those reported in the literature. The prevalence of outcomes is high and they appear as cognitive or behavioural disorders.


TITLE: Traumatismo craneal por maltrato. Revisión de nuestra experiencia.Introducción. El traumatismo craneal por maltrato (TCM) se define como todo traumatismo que ocasiona lesiones intracraneales debido a un impacto directo infligido y/o zarandeo, y se caracteriza por la tríada de encefalopatía, hemorragias retinianas y hematoma subdural. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y radiológicas, así como las secuelas de los pacientes diagnosticados de TCM. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio descriptivo observacional retrospectivo de los 19 pacientes diagnosticados de TCM en un hospital terciario entre 1990 y 2018, ambos inclusive. Resultados. La edad media de los afectados fue de 5,5 meses y existe paridad entre ambos sexos. Las anamnesis aportadas por los cuidadores fueron: ausencia de traumatismo (n = 9), antecedente de caída (n = 6) y zarandeo (n = 4). La clínica inicial más prevalente fueron los síntomas graves, y las convulsiones fueron el síntoma más frecuente (n = 8). Quince pacientes presentaron hemorragias retinianas y otros 15, hematoma subdural o higroma. Dos pacientes fallecieron, siete presentaron secuelas en el alta y 10 de los 12 pacientes en los que se realizó seguimiento presentaron secuelas tardías manifestadas como secuelas cognitivas/comportamiento (n = 5) o como secuelas neurológicas (n = 6). Conclusiones. Las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y radiológicas son muy similares a las publicadas en la bibliografía. La presencia de secuelas es prevalente y éstas se manifiestan tanto como problemas cognitivos y de comportamiento como por secuelas neurológicas.


Assuntos
Maus-Tratos Infantis/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 72(8): 154-159, sept. 2014. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-129457

RESUMO

Introducción: El cólico del lactante es un cuadro de malestar abdominal, definido por Wessel y recogido en los criterios de Roma III. Aunque se considera benigno, guarda cierta relación con los marcadores inflamatorios, y provoca un trastorno en el lactante y una gran ansiedad en sus familiares. Últimamente el uso de probióticos como Lactobacillus reuteri ha obtenido buenos resultados en otras poblaciones europeas. Objetivo: Como la microbiota modula la respuesta inflamatoria intestinal y depende de factores ambientales y genéticos, propusimos un estudio piloto para tratar de reproducir estos resultados en nuestra población. Método: Estudio observacional y prospectivo de la sintomatología relacionada con los cólicos en 17 lactantes sanos, a los que se prescribió L. reuteri DSM 17938, indicación aprobada por la Agencia Española Reguladora de la Alimentación, en todos los casos con el consentimiento informado y escrito de los familiares. Se realizó un seguimiento mediante un cuestionario de datos clínicos y dos visitas presenciales para el control y la determinación de calprotectina en heces. El estudio estadístico se llevó a cabo mediante el programa Stata v11, con el test de la ji al cuadrado y un análisis de regresión lineal. Resultados: Los parámetros clínicos, como el tiempo del llanto y el malestar del lactante, fueron mejorando según pasaban las semanas. La percepción de mejoría y la disminución de los niveles de calprotectina en heces también mostraron una evolución paralela. Las curvas de peso y talla no se vieron afectadas. Conclusiones: El uso de probióticos mejora claramente la sintomatología del lactante, reduce la ansiedad familiar, disminuye los valores de los marcadores inflamatorios intestinales y no interfiere en el desarrollo ponderoestatural de los pacientes (AU)


Introduction: Infantile colic is a picture of abdominal discomfort, defined by Wessel and included in the Rome III criteria. Although considered benign somewhat related inflammatory markers, causing a disorder in infants and a major anxiety in their family. Lately the use of probiotics such as Lactobacillus reuteri have been successful in other European populations. Objective: Microbiota modulates intestinal inflammatory response and depends on genetic and environmental factors. We proposed a pilot study to try to reproduce the European results in our population. Method: Observational prospective study of symptoms associated with colic in 17 healthy infants who were prescribed L. reuteri DSM 17938, indication approved by the Spanish Regulatory Food Agency. In all the written and informed consent of relatives was obteined. Follow-up clinical data using questionnaires and two physical visits to control and determination of calprotectin in feces. Statistical analysis with Stata v11 program chi 2 test and linear regression analysis. Results: Evolution of clinical parameters such as time crying and infant discomfort were lower as the weeks passed. The perception of improvement and the reduction of faecal calprotectin levels also showed a parallel evolution. The height and weight were not affected. Conclusions: The use of L. reuteri clearly improves symptoms and reduces infant family anxiety, and the values of intestinal inflammatory markers. Its use does not interfere with the development of weight-height patients. Studies are necessary with larger populations to confirm these initial data (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Cólica/genética , Cólica/metabolismo , Cólica/patologia , Enteropatias/diagnóstico , Cólica/complicações , Cólica/diagnóstico , Probióticos/efeitos adversos
5.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 66(6): 622-4, 2007 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17583627

RESUMO

Failure to thrive is a frequent cause of consultation in pediatric services. The main objective in these patients is the early detection of an organic cause, if present. We report a case of low-grade astrocytoma of the optic pathway in a 2-month-old child whose main symptoms at diagnosis were failure to thrive and anorexia. Unfortunately, despite therapeutic efforts, the tumor showed local and metastatic progression refractory to chemotherapy. The patient died 3 months after diagnosis. We conclude that diencephalic tumors must be considered in the differential diagnosis of failure to thrive during the first year of life, especially when, after initial investigations, a cause is not found.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Insuficiência de Crescimento/etiologia , Glioma do Nervo Óptico/diagnóstico , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente
6.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 66(6): 622-624, jun. 2007. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-054037

RESUMO

El retraso ponderal durante la lactancia es un motivo de consulta frecuente en los servicios de pediatría. El principal objetivo a la hora de abordar estos casos radica en distinguir aquellos casos secundarios a una causa orgánica de forma precoz. Aportamos un caso de astrocitoma de bajo grado de vías ópticas en un lactante de 2 meses de edad cuyos síntomas guía en el momento del diagnóstico fueron retraso ponderal y rechazo del alimento. Desafortunadamente, a pesar de los esfuerzos terapéuticos, el tumor presentó una progresión local y metastásica refractaria al tratamiento quimioterápico. Finalmente la paciente falleció a los 3 meses del diagnóstico. Concluimos que los tumores diencefálicos deben contemplarse en el diagnóstico diferencial del fallo de medro durante el primer año de vida; principalmente en aquellos casos en los cuales, tras un estudio inicial, no se encuentra una causa aparente


Failure to thrive is a frequent cause of consultation in pediatric services. The main objective in these patients is the early detection of an organic cause, if present. We report a case of low-grade astrocytoma of the optic pathway in a 2-month-old child whose main symptoms at diagnosis were failure to thrive and anorexia. Unfortunately, despite therapeutic efforts, the tumor showed local and metastatic progression refractory to chemotherapy. The patient died 3 months after diagnosis. We conclude that diencephalic tumors must be considered in the differential diagnosis of failure to thrive during the first year of life, especially when, after initial investigations, a cause is not found


Assuntos
Feminino , Lactente , Humanos , Glioma do Nervo Óptico/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Peso-Estatura , Insuficiência de Crescimento/etiologia , Doenças Hipotalâmicas/diagnóstico , Doenças Hipotalâmicas/etiologia , Caquexia/etiologia , Anorexia/etiologia , Glioma do Nervo Óptico/cirurgia , Glioma do Nervo Óptico/etiologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia
7.
Phys Rev D Part Fields ; 52(2): 1302-1304, 1995 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10019349
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