[Homeostatic and antioxidant defense enzymes activity in chronic pyelonephritis]. / Pokazateli gomeostaza i funktsional'noe sostoianie fermentov antioksidantnoi zashchity pri khronicheskom pielonefrite.

As shown by the analysis of chronic pyelonephritis, manifestations in patients with high and low activity of antioxidant system enzymes, patients with high catalase activity have more effective defense of red cells, glomerular epithelium. This was concluded from marked differences in urinary excretion of metabolites, hemoglobin levels compared to those in patients with low activity of catalase. In low activity of glutathione peroxidase, inflammation gains activity, nonspecific resistance weakens, excretion of some metabolites inhibits vs patients with high activity of this enzyme. The data provide criteria for diagnosis of antioxidant system defects and show necessity of antioxidant drugs inclusion into the therapeutic scheme (unitiol, antioxidant complex of vitamins A, E, C, P).

[The treatment of coralliform nephrolithiasis]. / Lechenie korallovidnogo nefrolitiaza.

A total of 184 patients with dendritic nephrolithiasis (74.5% females and 25.5% males) were under study. It was established that in more than half of them the disease developed from the infectious inflammation of the urinary tract. Based on the findings, the authors supposed that in these patients the initial instability of cellular membranes was associated with a decrease in nonspecific resistance which was unfavourably complicated by infection of the urinary tracts and the formation of calcium phosphate calculus. As the presence of friable (low-contrast) calculi in the state of growth is accompanied by a severe inflammation, a continuous nonoperative treatment is mandatory. When the growth of the calculus is stopped and confirmed by its high-contrast dense X-ray shadow and the signs of inflammation ceased the authors insisted on the conduction of the 3-4-week inpatient preoperative management. The latter should include the administration of wide-range antibiotics, drugs for potentiation of nonspecific resistance and the complex of vitamins. Subcortical pyelolithotomy with partial nephrotomy is a method of choice in case of a "dry kidney". An average postoperative bedtime comprised 22.3 days.