RESUMO
Introduction: Eating disorders (EDs) and behavioural addictions show common psychological vulnerability factors such as alexithymia and stressful life events (SLE). This study aims, firstly, to explore the prevalence and latent profiles of participants based on their risk of suffering EDs, gambling disorder (GD), alcohol and/or drug abuse, and compulsive buying (CB) by sex. Secondly, it aimed to test whether alexithymia and having experienced SLE are associated with group membership. Methods: The sample was predominantly drawn from university students and social networks. It was composed of 352 young adults between 18 and 35 years old, of whom 77.8% were women and 22.2% men. Results: The results showed that the most prevalent disorders of the sample were alcohol, EDs, CB, drugs and GD, respectively. Moreover, latent class analyses were conducted based on the risk of suffering EDs or addictions by sex. Three main profiles were found: 'Men with addictions', 'Healthy women' and 'Women with EDs'. Finally, differences in SLE and alexithymia levels were tested by latent classes. "Men with addictions" and "Women with EDs" had higher scores on alexithymia and SLE than the group of "Healthy women". However, the group of "Women with EDs" (class 3) reported significantly higher levels of SLE and alexithymia than the other two groups. Discussion and conclusion: In conclusion, we discuss the possibility that some vulnerability factors operate generally and transdiagnostically in EDs and addictive disorders. The identification of clinical phenotypes could complement and deepen prediction, prevention and treatment research in clinical settings. The need to take sex and gender differences into account is reinforced.
RESUMO
Las personas con dependencia emocional presentan preocupaciones constantes sobre el posible abandono o traición por parte de la pareja. De esta forma, ponen en marcha un gran abanico de estrategias retentivas dirigidas a cubrir la gran necesidad de controlar la relación. Además, sienten insatisfacción y frustración en la relación ya que sienten que nunca conseguirán lo que quieren o esperan de ella. Por esto, los objetivos del estudio se dirigen a analizar la posible relación entre la dependencia emocional, la intolerancia a la incertidumbre, la tendencia a las preocupaciones y el pesimismo. Asimismo, se comprueba el papel mediador de estos factores en la relación entre la dependencia emocional y la permanencia en relaciones de pareja violentas debido a la elevada prevalencia de darse conjuntamente en una misma relación. Participaron 258 personas, 77.1% mujeres y 22.9% hombres con edades que oscilaron entre los 18 y 67 años (M = 32.63; DT = 11.66). Los resultados reflejaron relaciones positivas entre la dependencia emocional, la intolerancia a la incertidumbre, la tendencia a las preocupaciones y el pesimismo. Igualmente, se comprueba que la dependencia emocional conduce a la permanencia en relaciones violentas a través de los factores mencionados.(AU)
People with emotional dependence present constant concerns about possible abandonment or betrayal by their partner. In this way, they implement a wide range of retention strategies aimed at covering the great need for control in the relationship. In addition, they feel dissatisfaction and frustration in the relationship since they feel they will never get what they want or expect from it. Therefore, the objectives of the study are aimed at analyzing the possible relationship between emotional dependence, intolerance to uncertainty, tendency to worry and pessimism. Also, the mediating role of these factors in the relationship between emotional dependence and permanence in violent relationships is verified due to the high prevalence of occurring jointly in the same relationship. A total of 258 people participated, 77.1% women and 22.9% men with ages ranging from 18 to 67 (M= 32.63; SD= 11.66). The results reflected positive relationships between emotional dependence, intolerance to uncertainty, tendency to worry andpessimism. Likewise, it is proven that emotional dependence leads to permanence in violent relationships through the factors mentioned.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Ciências da Saúde , Violência , Violência de Gênero/psicologia , Dependência Psicológica , Incerteza , Pessimismo , Relações Interpessoais , Codependência PsicológicaRESUMO
La violencia en el noviazgo de parejas jóvenes y adolescentes presenta una elevada bidireccionalidad, resulta cada vez más frecuente y supone la antesala u origen de la violencia de parejas adultas. Su estudio resulta complejo, de ahí que no existan muchos instrumentos de evaluación y, algunos de los que existen, no incluyen, entre otros, la percepción de las conductas violentas por parte de las personas. Por ello, se ha creado un cuestionario con el objetivo de medir la violencia en la pareja, tanto la violencia recibida, ejercida, como la percepción de la misma. El cuestionario VREP incluye las escalas de violencia: Física, Sexual, Psicológica Humillación-Coerción, Psicológica Control-Celos y Psicológica Social. Un primer estudio con 286 jóvenes analizó las propiedades psicométricas preliminares. Como resultado se obtuvo una versión de 28 ítems. Un segundo estudio con 695 jóvenes analizó la estructura factorial, consistencia interna, validez de constructo y validez convergente de la versión definitiva. Los resultados mostraron que se trata de un instrumento idóneo, además de breve, adecuado psicométricamente para dar cuenta del constructo de sus dimensiones básicas
Dating violence during adolescence and with young people is highly two-way, increasingly frequent and the prelude or origin of adult dating violence. Because of the difficulty of the study, there are not many appropriate measures to evaluate dating violence in adolescents and some existing ones omit aspects such as the perception of violent behavior. Therefore, the study focuses on drawing up a questionnaire that measures violence that has been both received and imposed and how it is perceived in teen relationships. It has been created the questionnaire called VREP and it was esigned, divided into: Physical, Sexual Psychological Humiliation-coercion, Jealousy-Control and Social. A first study with 286 young people analyzed the psychometric properties of the draft questionnaire. The final version consisted of 28 items. A second study with 695 young people analyzed the factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity and convergent validity of the final version. The results have shown that this tool is suitable and, although brief, is psychometrically adequate to account for the construct of its basic dimensions
