A checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) of Chile with exemplar live-photographed.

An updated list of the Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) species registered in Chile is given, which includes current names, synonyms, and photographs of live specimens of 88 species. The photographs cover 35% of the species present in the country, with all families represented except for Glaresidae and Ochodaeidae. For each species, the geographical distribution is presented from north to south by administrative regions of the country. For species shared with neighboring countries, the distribution by provinces or departments is indicated, while for those that have a worldwide distribution, the countries, or regions where they have been reported are cited. This list includes species whose presence in continental and insular Chile has been verified and confirmed by studying specimens from collections, excluding all records considered erroneous. The systematic ordering is carried out at the family, subfamily, and tribe level following the current classification of the group; genera and species are presented in alphabetical order. Paranimbus peruanus (Erichson) (Aphodiinae) is recorded for the first time in Chile based on specimens collected in the locality of Visviri (Arica and Parinacota Region). The known distribution is extended for the following species: Allidiostoma landbecki (Philippi), A. simplicifrons (Fairmaire), Archophileurus chaconus Kolbe, Brachysternus germaini (Ohaus), Chiasognathus beneshi Lacroix, Cyclocephala modesta Burmeister, Frickius costulatus Germain, Martinezostes posticus (Germar), Martinezostes ruizi Gutiérrez, Megathopa villosa Eschscholtz, Oogenius chilensis Ohaus, O. kuscheli Gutiérrez, Oryctomorphus maculicollis Guérin-Méneville, Paranimbus zoai Dellacasa, Paranomala undulata peruviana (Guérin-Méneville), Phytholaema fenestra Smith & Mondaca, Tesserodoniella meridionalis Vaz-de-Mello & Halffter, Macrodactylus farinosus Philippi, and Ulata argentina Saylor. Considering the great morphological variability and differences in the color pattern of the integument, Chiasognathus grantii holometallicus Rataj, 2012 and Chiasognathus megalodon Rataj, 2013 are considered new synonyms of Chiasognathus grantii Stephens, 1831. The study of the syntype of Copris punctatissima Curtis, 1844 confirms that this species belongs to the genus Homocopris Burmeister, 1846 and that is not conspecific with H. torulosus (Eschscholtz, 1822), therefore, the combination Homocopris punctatissimus (Curtis, 1844) new combination is established. The study of the syntype of Copris valdiviana Philippi, 1859 confirms that this species is a synonymy of Homocopris torulosus and not of H. puntatissimus. The morphological study of specimens of the genus Germarostes Paulian, 1982 and the comparison with Chilean specimens of Germarostes posticus (Germar, 1843), confirms that this last species really belongs to the genus Martinezostes Paulian, 1982, therefore, the combination Martinezostes posticus (Curtis, 1843) new combination is established. Based on the inconsistencies that exist with the current definition of the subfamily Melolonthinae, and on the results of a previous phylogenetic analysis, Lichniini is elevated to the category of subfamily, placing Lichniinae new status very close to Aclopinae. There are 79 genera, 251 species and 10 subspecies of Scarabaeoidea in Chile, belonging to the families Geotrupidae (three genera, 10 species), Glaresidae (one genus, one species), Hybosoridae (one genus, six species), Trogidae (one genus, 11 species), Lucanidae (nine genera, 31 species, nine subspecies), Ochodaeidae (one genus, one species), and Scarabaeidae (63 genera, 191 species, one subspecies). In addition, Onthophagus pilauco Tello, Verdú, Rossini, & Zunino, 2021, the first fossil scarab from Chile, is included. Approximately 58% of the listed species are endemic to the country, 39% are native to South America and 3% correspond to introduced species with a wide global distribution.

Revision of the genus Luispenaia Martínez (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Tanyproctini), with description of three new species from the Atacama Desert, Chile.

The genus Luispenaia Martínez (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Tanyproctini), is revised and four species are recognized: L. paradoxa Martínez, L. atacamensis new species, L. paposo new species, and L. paulseni new species. This genus is endemic to the Atacama Desert in northern Chile from the regions of Antofagasta to Coquimbo. Diagnostic characters, illustrations, a distribution map, and an identification key are provided for all species. Observations on the habitat, ecology, and distribution of species are given.

Parochodaeus bituberculatus (Erichson) (Coleoptera: Ochodaeidae) and Faargia gentilii (Martínez) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), two species newly discovered in Chile.

The presence in Chile of scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) described originally from Peru and Argentina have been reported previously, as a result of the distributional corridors through passes in the Andes Mountains (Gutiérrez 1947, 1950; Roig-Juñent et al. 2005; Ruiz-Manzanos 2006; Mondaca 2011). The purpose of this paper is to report the presence of Parochodaeus bituberculatus (Erichson, 1847) (Coleoptera: Ochodaeidae: Ochodaeinae: Ochodaeini) and Faargia gentilii (Martínez, 1975) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Tanyproctini) in Chile, expanding the distribution of the second species to the west of the Andes Mountain range. The presence of both species in Chile is not surprising, due to the similarity of habitats in the collection areas with neighboring localities in Peru and Argentina.

Review of the southern South American Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) with descriptions of new genera and species.

The tribe Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) is reviewed from southern South America.  A total of 13 genera and 33 species were found in the study area consisting of Argentina from Neuquén south and Chile from IV Región de Coquimbo south. The following three new genera are described: Extenuoptyophis, Insimuloissacaris, and Neuquenodactylus.  The following 11 new species are described: Ampliodactylus elguetai, Ampliodactylus guinezi, Ampliodactylus inusitus, Ampliodactylus panguipullensis, Extenuoptyophis horridulus, Extenuoptyophis metropolitensis, Insimuloissacaris nahuelbutensis, Issacaris falsa, Issacaris sola, Neuquenodactylus ramus, and Phytholaema fenestra. The species Schizochelus modestus Philippi, 1861 is transferred to the genus Ampliodactylus. Lectotypes are designated for the following five species-group names (species names given in their original combination): Dicrania aeneobrunnea Philippi, 1861, Modialis prasinella Fairmaire & Germain, 1860, Phytholaema elaphocera Redtenbacher, 1868, Phytholaema herrmanni Germain, 1901, and Schizochelus modestus Philippi, 1861.  Neotypes are designated for the following four species-group names (species names given in their original combination): Acanthosternum splendens Philippi, 1861, Areoda mutabilis Solier, 1851, Issacaris petalophora Fairmaire, 1889, and Phytholaema flavipes Philippi, 1861. The genera Modialis Fairmaire & Germain, 1860 and Phytholaema Blanchard, 1851 are here transferred to the tribe Macrodactylini. The species-group names Phytholaema pallida Saylor, 1937 and Phytholaema peccans Blackwelder, 1944 are placed in synonymy with Phytholaema herrmanni Germain, 1901. Descriptions or diagnoses, keys, and distributional data are given for all species.