RESUMO
Based on centroblast frequency, follicular lymphoma (FL) is subdivided into grades 1-2, 3A, and 3B. Grade FL3A frequently coexists with FL1-2 (FL1-2-3A). Based on clinical trials, FL1-2 is treated with rituximab (R) or obinutuzumab plus bendamustine (B) or CHOP, while FL3B is treated with R-CHOP. In contrast, there are little data guiding therapy in FL3A. We present a retrospective, multicenter analysis of 95 FL3A or FL1-2-3A and 203 FL1-2 patients treated with R-CHOP or R-B first-line. R-CHOP facilitated a higher response rate (95% versus 76%) and longer overall survival (OS) (3-year OS 89% versus 73%, P = 0.008) in FL3A or FL1-2-3A, whereas the difference in progression-free survival (PFS) did not reach statistical significance. While transformation rates into aggressive lymphoma were similar between both groups, there were more additional malignancies after R-B compared with R-CHOP (6 versus 2 cases). In FL1-2, R-B achieved a higher 3-year PFS (79% versus 47%, P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference regarding OS or transformation. With the limitations of a retrospective analysis, these results suggest a benefit for R-CHOP over R-B in FL3A or FL1-2-3A. Confirmatory data from prospective clinical trials are needed.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Cloridrato de Bendamustina/administração & dosagem , Linfoma Folicular/tratamento farmacológico , Rituximab/administração & dosagem , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Linfoma Folicular/diagnóstico , Linfoma Folicular/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores/métodos , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida/tendências , Resultado do Tratamento , Vincristina/administração & dosagemAssuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Linfoma de Burkitt/diagnóstico , Linfoma de Burkitt/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Linfoma de Burkitt/patologia , Pré-Escolar , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Nasofaringe/patologiaRESUMO
In both conditions, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a key mechanism: almost all PTLD in allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is caused by EBV-related neoplastic lymphoproliferation, and secondary HLH is most frequently triggered by EBV infection. Therefore, concomitant EBV-driven PTLD and HLH early after alloSCT require an approach to eliminate EBV and balance immune activation simultaneously. We report on a patient who developed simultaneous PTLD and signs of HLH on day 64 after alloSCT. Treatment was comprised of stopping cyclosporine, short-course dexamethasone, and 3 courses of rituximab. The patient showed full recovery and complete remission of lymphadenopathy. This result indicates that immediate reduction in EBV-carrying B cells by rituximab, suppression of general inflammation, and parallel support of reconstitution of long-term T-cell function, might be an appropriate therapeutic approach in this rare situation.