RESUMO
In this study, genetic diversity of Chlamydia pneumoniae was investigated and the relationships between sequences amplified of different sources, clinical conditions and geographical regions of central Argentina were established. Samples amplified were similar to human C. pneumoniae patterns and show the high clonality of the population.
Assuntos
Chlamydophila pneumoniae/genética , Animais , Argentina , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Infecções por Chlamydia/microbiologia , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/patogenicidade , Humanos , FilogeniaRESUMO
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for one of the most frequent sexually transmitted infections. The first phylogenetic analysis was based on a LCR region fragment. Nowadays, 4 variants are known: African (Af-1, Af-2), Asian-American (AA) and European (E). However the existence of sub-lineages of the European variant havs been proposed, specific mutations in the E6 and LCR sequences being possibly related to persistent viral infections. The aim of this study was a phylogenetic study of HPV16 sequences of endocervical samples from Cordoba, in order to detect the circulating lineages and analyze the presence of mutations that could be correlated with malignant disease. The phylogenetic analysis determined that 86% of the samples belonged to the E variant, 7% to AF-1 and the remaining 7% to AF-2. The most frequent mutation in LCR sequences was G7521A, in 80% of the analyzed samples; it affects the binding site of a transcription factor that could contribute to carcinogenesis. In the E6 sequences, the most common mutation was T350G (L83V), detected in 67% of the samples, associated with increased risk of persistent infection. The high detection rate of the European lineage correlated with patterns of human migration. This study emphasizes the importance of recognizing circulating lineages, as well as the detection of mutations associated with high-grade neoplastic lesions that could be correlated to the development of carcinogenic lesions.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Papillomavirus Humano 16/genética , Região de Controle de Locus Gênico/genética , Mutação/genética , Proteínas Oncogênicas Virais/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/genética , Proteínas Repressoras/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Carcinogênese , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virologia , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Gradação de Tumores , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Prognóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologiaRESUMO
To study the occurrence of Chlamydia spp. and their genetic diversity, we analysed 793 cloacal swabs from 12 avian orders, including 76 genera, obtained from 80 species of asymptomatic wild and captive birds that were examined with conventional nested polymerase chain reaction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Chlamydia spp. were not detected in wild birds; however, four species (Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pecorum, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia gallinacea) were identified among captive birds (Passeriformes, n = 20; Psittaciformes, n = 15; Rheiformes, n = 8; Falconiformes n = 2; Piciformes n = 2; Anseriformes n = 1; Galliformes n = 1; Strigiformes n = 1). Two pathogens (C. pneumoniae and C. pecorum) were identified simultaneously in samples obtained from captive birds. Based on nucleotide-sequence variations of the ompA gene, three C. psittaci-positive samples detected were grouped into a cluster with the genotype WC derived from mammalian hosts. A single positive sample was phylogenetically related to a new strain of C. gallinacea. This report contributes to our increasing understanding of the abundance of Chlamydia in the animal kingdom.
Assuntos
Aves/microbiologia , Chlamydia/genética , Variação Genética , Animais , Argentina , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Sequência de Bases , Chlamydia/classificação , Análise por Conglomerados , Primers do DNA/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , RNA Ribossômico 23S/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/veterinária , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterinária , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
In the central area of Argentina, the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infections in reptiles are still unknown. A nested polymerase chain reaction of the rpoB gene was used to detect C. pneumoniae in cloacal swab samples from 19 reptiles at a recreational area. Eleven (57.89%) reptiles were positive; the sequencing and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of this bacterium. Neither C. pneumoniae DNA in the caregivers pharynges nor IgM antibodies anti-C. pneumoniae in their serum samples were detected; however, caregivers presented very high titers of IgG anti-C. pneumoniae. The detection of C. pneumoniae DNA in reptiles demonstrated the circulation of this agent in the recreational area and could be responsible for the exacerbated immune response of the personnel handling the reptiles, which suggests a potential zoonotic cycle. This is the first report of the detection of C. pneumoniae in reptiles in Argentina.
Assuntos
Infecções por Chlamydophila/veterinária , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Reservatórios de Doenças/microbiologia , Répteis/microbiologia , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Argentina/epidemiologia , Boidae/microbiologia , Bothrops/microbiologia , Infecções por Chlamydophila/epidemiologia , Infecções por Chlamydophila/microbiologia , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/genética , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/imunologia , Cloaca/microbiologia , DNA Bacteriano/análise , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Elapidae/microbiologia , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Exposição Ocupacional , Faringe/microbiologia , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Tartarugas/microbiologia , ZoonosesRESUMO
En la región central de Argentina, las características epidemiológicas y moleculares de las infecciones por Chlamydophila pneumoniae en reptiles son desconocidas. Para detectar C. pneumoniae, se usó la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa anidada que amplifica el gen rpoB en muestras de hisopado cloacal de 19 reptiles. Once (57,89 %) reptiles resultaron positivos. La secuenciación y el análisis filogenético corroboraron la presencia de esta bacteria. No se detectó ADN de C. pneumoniae en la faringe ni IgM anti-C. pneumoniae en el suero de los cuidadores; sin embargo, ellos presentaron títulos muy elevados de IgG anti-C. pneumoniae. La detección de ADN de C. pneumoniae en los reptiles demostró la circulación de este agente en el centro recreativo donde se realizó este estudio, lo que podría explicar la exacerbada respuesta inmunitaria en los cuidadores; este hallazgo sugiere la presencia de un potencial ciclo zoonótico. Se reporta aquí por primera vez la detección de C. pneumoniae en reptiles en Argentina
In the central area of Argentina, the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infections in reptiles are still unknown. A nested polymerase chain reaction of the rpoB gene was used to detect C. pneumoniae in cloacal swab samples from 19 reptiles at a recreational area. Eleven (57.89%) reptiles were positive; the sequencing and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of this bacterium. Neither C. pneumoniae DNA in the caregivers'pharynges nor IgM antibodies anti-C. pneumoniae in their serum samples were detected; however, caregivers presented very high titers of IgG anti-C. pneumoniae. The detection of C. pneumoniae DNA in reptiles demonstrated the circulation of this agent in the recreational area and could be responsible for the exacerbated immune response of the personnel handling the reptiles, which suggests a potential zoonotic cycle. This is the first report of the detection of C. pneumoniae in reptiles in Argentina
Assuntos
Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Répteis/microbiologia , Infecções por Chlamydophila/diagnóstico , Filogenia , /métodos , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
In the central area of Argentina, the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infections in reptiles are still unknown. A nested polymerase chain reaction of the rpoB gene was used to detect C. pneumoniae in cloacal swab samples from 19 reptiles at a recreational area. Eleven (57.89
) reptiles were positive; the sequencing and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of this bacterium. Neither C. pneumoniae DNA in the caregivers pharynges nor IgM antibodies anti-C. pneumoniae in their serum samples were detected; however, caregivers presented very high titers of IgG anti-C. pneumoniae. The detection of C. pneumoniae DNA in reptiles demonstrated the circulation of this agent in the recreational area and could be responsible for the exacerbated immune response of the personnel handling the reptiles, which suggests a potential zoonotic cycle. This is the first report of the detection of C. pneumoniae in reptiles in Argentina.
