[Cholelithiasis in infants with spontaneously favourable course]. / Lithiase biliaire du nourrisson d'évolution spontanément favorable.

BACKGROUND: Nonoperative interventional treatment of cholelithiasis has been performed in young infants suffering from jaundice. CASE REPORT: A neonate was admitted because he suffered from severe anemia and jaundice due to Rh incompatibility. He developed cholestasis when he was 7 weeks-old; ultrasonography showed nonshadowing echogenic material in the gallbladder suggesting biliary sludge. A second ultrasonography performed 24 hours later showed a normal gallbladder while sludge had migrated into the lower part of the common bile duct. This biliary sludge spontaneously resolved in a few days. CONCLUSIONS: Biliary sludge, even symptomatic in infants, may resolve without surgery or nonoperative interventional treatment. Ultrasonography is useful in following migration.

[Value of transfontanelle echography in the diagnosis and surveillance of pericerebral effusions]. / Intérêt de l'échographie transfontanellaire dans le diagnostic et la surveillance des épanchements péricérébraux.

The authors report 3 cases of peri-cerebral fluid collection in infants. They emphasize the importance of anterior fontanelle real-time ultrasonography to set up the diagnosis and for the follow up of these patients. From a technical point of view they recommend the use of a water bag to facilitate the examination.

[Radiologic examination of the knee and ankle in stress positions (author's transl)]. / Intérêt des examens radiologiques en position de stress des genoux et des chevilles.

The serious serious sequelae of sprains of the knee and ankle makes it imperative for the therapist to have an early and precise diagnosis. The authors propose a means of exploring these joints with the aid of a simple set up. This new technology allows the radiologist, secure from direct or indirect radiation, to carry out a standardized examination of the joint, usually unilaterally, and to make his interpretation more easily and more precisely. This method of x-raying in the stress position has its major indication in emergencies, but is equally useful in non emergencies, accomplishing a veritable over-all evaluation of the joint: varus, valgus, preternatural anterior and posterior sliding motion. The interpretation, based on direct reading of the films, differentiates the normal condition from physiological relaxation and mild and severe sprains. Naturally this method is to be used only after taking standard routine views to rule out any fractures.