Mass spectrometry-based quantification of immunostimulatory gliadin proteins and peptides in coloured wheat varieties: Implications for Celiac Disease.

Pigmented wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum spp.) are getting increasingly popular in modern nutrition and thoroughly researched for their functional and nutraceutical value. The colour of these wheat grains is caused by the expression of natural pigments, including carotenoids and anthocyanins, that can be restricted to either the endosperm, pericarp and/or aleurone layers. While contrasts in phytochemical synthesis give rise to variations among purple, blue, dark and yellow grain's antioxidant and radical scavenging capacities, little is known about their influence on gluten proteins expression, digestibility and immunogenic potential in a Celiac Disease (CD) framework. Herein, it has been found that the expression profile and immunogenic properties of gliadin proteins in pigmented wheat grains might be affected by anthocyanins and carotenoids upregulation, and that the spectra of peptide released upon simulated gastrointestinal digestion is also significantly different. Interestingly, anthocyanin accumulation, as opposed to carotenoids, correlated with a lower immunogenicity and toxicity of gliadins at both protein and peptide levels. Altogether, this study provides first-level evidence on the impact modern breeding practices, seeking higher expression levels of health promoting phytochemicals at the grain level, may have on wheat crops functionality and CD tolerability.

Prevalência de episiotomia em uma maternidade de referência em alto risco e seus fatores associados / Use of episiotomy in a high-risk reference maternity hospital and its associated factors

Objetivo: Analisar a prática da episiotomia em uma maternidade de alto risco e seus fatores associados. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal que analisou um total de 333 fichas obstétricas anexadas aos prontuários de puérperas de uma maternidade de alto risco no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2021. Os dados foram coletados de agosto a dezembro do ano de 2022. A análise foi realizada de forma descritiva, utilizando-se o teste Qui-Quadrado a fim de comparar e delinear as proporções dos grupos de amostras de interesse. Resultados: Em 5,41% (18) das parturientes, realizou-se episiotomia; 66,67% (12) tinham histórico de síndrome hipertensiva na gestação; 55,56% (10) encontravam-se na faixa etária de 20-29 anos; das parturientes, 94,44% (17) pariram em posição litotômica; 94,44% (17) eram primíparas, sem acompanhante na hora do parto, 88,89% (16); e 66,11% (11) tiveram assistência prestada por profissional médico. Conclusão: Muitas são as barreiras a serem enfrentadas para promover e ressaltar o protagonismo da mulher durante o processo de parir, as informações trazidas por este estudo permitiram concluir a continuidade da prática da episiotomia. Com isso, espera-seque o estudo contribua para mudança, readequação e sensibilização das práticas obstétricas profissionais para que ocorra uma transformação desse cenário. Descritores: Episiotomia; Enfermagem Obstétrica; Parto Normal

Objective: To analyze the practice of episiotomy in a high-risk maternity hospital and its associated factorsMethods: This is a cross-sectional study, which analyzed a total of 333 obstetric records attached to the medical records of puerperal women in a high-risk maternity hospital from January to December 2021. Data were collected from August to December 2022. The analysis was performed descriptively, using the Chi-Square test in order to compare and delineate the proportions of the groups of samples interest. Results: In 5.41% (18) of the parturients, an episiotomy was performed, 66.67% (12) had a history of hypertensive syndrome during pregnancy, 55.56% (10) were in the age group of 20-29 years, of the parturients 94.44% (17) gave birth in a lithotomic position; 94.44% (17) were primiparous, unaccompanied at the time of delivery 88.89% (16) and had assistance provided by a medical professional 66.11% (11).Conclusion: There are many barriers to be faced to promote and emphasize the role of women during the process of delivery. The information brought by this study allowed us to conclude the continuity of episiotomy practice. Thus, it is expected that the study will contribute to change, readjustment and sensitization of professional obstetric practices, so that a transformation of this scenario occurs. Descriptors: Episiotomy; Obstetric Nursing. Normal delivery.

Prevalência de episiotomia em uma maternidade de referência em alto risco e seus fatores associados / Use of episiotomy in a high-risk reference maternity hospital and its associated factors

Objetivo: Analisar a prática da episiotomia em uma maternidade de alto risco e seus fatores associados. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal que analisou um total de 333 fichas obstétricas anexadas aos prontuários de puérperas de uma maternidade de alto risco no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2021. Os dados foram coletados de agosto a dezembro do ano de 2022.A análise foi realizada de forma descritiva, utilizando-se o teste Qui-Quadrado a fim de comparar e delinear as proporções dos grupos de amostras de interesse. Resultados: Em 5,41% (18) das parturientes, realizou-se episiotomia; 66,67% (12) tinham histórico de síndrome hipertensiva na gestação; 55,56% (10) encontravam-se na faixa etária de 20-29 anos; das parturientes, 94,44% (17) pariram em posição litotômica; 94,44% (17) eram primíparas, sem acompanhante na hora do parto, 88,89% (16); e 66,11% (11) tiveram assistência prestada por profissional médico. Conclusão: Muitas são as barreiras a serem enfrentadas para promover e ressaltar o protagonismo da mulher durante o processo de parir, as informações trazidas por este estudo permitiram concluir a continuidade da prática da episiotomia. Com isso, espera-seque o estudo contribua para mudança, readequação e sensibilização das práticas obstétricas profissionais para que ocorra uma transformação desse cenário. Descritores: Episiotomia; Enfermagem Obstétrica; Parto Normal.

Objective: To analyze the practice of episiotomy in a high-risk maternity hospital and its associated factorsMethods: This is a cross-sectional study, which analyzed a total of 333 obstetric records attached to the medical records of puerperal women in a high-risk maternity hospital from January to December 2021. Data were collected from August to December 2022. The analysis was performed descriptively, using the Chi-Square test in order to compare and delineate the proportions of the groups of samples of interest.Results: In 5.41% (18) of the parturients, an episiotomy was performed, 66.67% (12) had a history of hypertensive syndrome during pregnancy, 55.56% (10) were in the age group of 20-29 years, of the parturients 94.44% (17) gave birth in a lithotomic position; 94.44% (17) were primiparous, unaccompanied at the time of delivery 88.89% (16) and had assistance provided by a medical professional 66.11% (11). Conclusion: There are many barriers to be faced to promote and emphasize the role of women during the process of delivery. The information brought by this study allowed us to conclude the continuity of episiotomy practice. Thus, it is expected that the study will contribute to change, readjustment and sensitization of professional obstetric practices, so that a transformation of this scenario occurs. Descriptors: Episiotomy; Obstetric Nursing; Normal delivery.

Riesgo de depresión durante el embarazo en la atención prenatal de riesgo habitual / Risk of depression during pregnancy in usual risk antenatal care / Risco de depressão na gravidez na assistência pré-natal de risco habitual

Objetivo: identificar el riesgo de depresión durante el embarazo en gestantes de riesgo habitual incluidas en el control prenatal y los factores asociados. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 201 gestantes, en el consultorio de prenatal de riesgo habitual de una maternidad universitaria. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó un formulario electrónico que contenía un instrumento de caracterización y la Escala de Riesgo de Depresión del Embarazo. La variable dependiente fue el riesgo de depresión en el embarazo. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante el cálculo de la razón de posibilidades (Odds Ratio) y utilizando las pruebas de Chi-cuadrado y exacta de Fischer. Resultados: entre las participantes, 68,2% tenían mayor riesgo de depresión durante el embarazo. Hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa entre mayor riesgo de depresión durante el embarazo y la variable ocupación (p=0,04), o sea, la ausencia del trabajo (OR = 2,00) duplicó la probabilidad de ocurrencia. Conclusión: la alta prevalencia de riesgo de depresión durante el embarazo destaca la necesidad de planificación, priorización e integración de la salud mental en los servicios de salud prenatal, especialmente en el ámbito de la Atención Primaria de Salud, por parte de los gestores de salud y de los formuladores de políticas.

Objective: to identify the risk of depression during pregnancy among pregnant women receiving routine prenatal care and the associated factors. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out with 201 pregnant women, in a routine prenatal clinic of a university maternity hospital. Data were collected using an electronic form containing a characterization instrument and the Escala de Risco de Depressão na Gravidez (Depression during Pregnancy Scale). The dependent variable was the risk of depression during pregnancy. Statistical analysis was performed by calculating the Odds Ratio and using the Chi-square and Fischer's Exact tests. Results: among the participants, 68.2% had a higher risk of depression during pregnancy. There was a statistically significant association between a higher risk of depression during pregnancy and occupation (p=0.04), that is, unemployment (OR=2.00) doubled the risk of depression. Conclusion: the high prevalence of the risk of depression during pregnancy indicates the necessity of planning, prioritizing, and integrating mental health into prenatal health services, especially in the primary healthcare environment, by health managers and policymakers.

Objetivo: identificar o risco de depressão na gravidez entre gestantes inseridas na assistência pré-natal de risco habitual e os fatores associados. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 201 gestantes, no ambulatório de pré-natal de risco habitual de uma maternidade universitária. A coleta de dados utilizou um formulário eletrônico contendo um instrumento de caracterização e a Escala de Risco de Depressão na Gravidez. A variável dependente foi o risco de depressão na gravidez. A análise estatística deu-se pelo cálculo da razão de chances (Odds Ratio) e pelos testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fischer. Resultados: entre as participantes, 68,2% apresentaram maior risco de depressão na gravidez. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre o maior risco de depressão na gravidez e a variável ocupação (p=0,04), ou seja, a ausência de emprego (OR = 2,00) aumentou em duas vezes a chance de ocorrência. Conclusão: a alta prevalência de risco de depressão na gravidez evidencia a necessidade de planejamento, priorização e integração da saúde mental nos serviços de saúde pré-natal, principalmente no ambiente da Atenção Primária à Saúde, por parte de gestores de saúde e formuladores de políticas.

Evaluation of Proinflammatory Chemokines in HIV Patients with Asymptomatic Leishmania Infantum Infection.

Asymptomatic Leishmania infantum, when associated with HIV, can become severe and potentially fatal. In this co-infection, the worst prognosis may be influenced by the host's immunological aspects, which are crucial in determining susceptibility. Chemokines play an important role in this process by influencing the cellular composition at affected sites and impacting the disease's outcome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate proinflammatory chemokines in HIV patients with the asymptomatic L. infantum infection. In this cross-sectional study, the levels of CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, MIG, and IP-10 were measured in 160 serum samples from co-infected patients (n = 53), patients with HIV (n = 90), and negative controls (n = 17). Quantification was determined by flow cytometry. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Dunn's post-test and the Spearman's correlation coefficient. Significance was set at p < 0.05. The chemokines CCL2, CCL5, MIG, and IP-10 exhibited higher levels in the HIV group compared to co-infection. However, the elevated levels of all these chemokines and their increased connectivity in co-infected patients appear to be important in identifying proinflammatory immune responses associated with the asymptomatic condition. Furthermore, a weak negative correlation was observed between higher levels of CXCL8 and lower viral loads in co-infected patients.

Risk of depression during pregnancy in usual risk antenatal care. / Riesgo de depresión durante el embarazo en la atención prenatal de riesgo habitual.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the risk of depression during pregnancy among pregnant women receiving routine prenatal care and the associated factors. METHOD: a cross-sectional study, carried out with 201 pregnant women, in a routine prenatal clinic of a university maternity hospital. Data were collected using an electronic form containing a characterization instrument and the Escala de Risco de Depressão na Gravidez (Depression during Pregnancy Scale). The dependent variable was the risk of depression during pregnancy. Statistical analysis was performed by calculating the Odds Ratio and using the Chi-square and Fischer's Exact tests. RESULTS: among the participants, 68.2% had a higher risk of depression during pregnancy. There was a statistically significant association between a higher risk of depression during pregnancy and occupation (p=0.04), that is, unemployment (OR=2.00) doubled the risk of depression. CONCLUSION: the high prevalence of the risk of depression during pregnancy indicates the necessity of planning, prioritizing, and integrating mental health into prenatal health services, especially in the primary healthcare environment, by health managers and policymakers.

Assessing the risks of capecitabine and its active metabolite 5-fluorouracil to freshwater biota.

Capecitabine (CAP, prodrug) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, its active metabolite) are two of the most prominent cytostatics, for which no clear picture can be drawn regarding potential concentrations of effect for freshwater biota, with CAP being grouped in the least studied cytostatic, whereas 5-FU has been classified as of no and of high environmental risk. Accordingly, the present work aimed to assess the ecotoxicity of CAP and 5-FU in three freshwater species, which included a 72-h assay with the producer Raphidocelis subcapitata; a 96-h assay with the invertebrate secondary consumer Hydra viridissima; and a 96-h assay with embryos of the vertebrate secondary consumer Danio rerio. The following endpoints were monitored: yield and population growth rate for the algae; mortality, morphological alterations, and post-exposure feeding rates for the cnidarian; and mortality, hatching, and malformations for the fish. Overall, organisms' sensitivity to CAP decreased in the following order: R. subcapitata > H. viridissima > D. rerio, whereas for 5-FU, it decreased in the following order: H. viridissima > D. rerio > R. subcapitata. For CAP, no median lethal effective concentrations (LC/EC50) were possible to compute for D. rerio, with no significant mortality or malformations registered in embryos exposed at concentrations up to 800 mg L-1. For R. subcapitata, the EC50s were 0.077 and 0.63 mg L-1 for yield and growth rate, respectively, and for H. viridissima, the EC50,30 min for feeding was 22.0 mg L-1. For 5-FU, no EC50s could be computed for R. subcapitata, whilst the EC50s for H. viridissima mortality and feeding were 55.4 and 67.9 mg L-1, respectively, and for D. rerio, the LC50,96 h and EC50,96 h (hatching and abnormalities) were 4546, 4100, and 2459 mg L-1, respectively. Assuming similar modes of action for both compounds and their co-occurrence, the combined risk quotient of the two chemicals was determined to be 7.97, which represents a risk for freshwater biota. Anticipating the increased consumption of these compounds and cancer development trends worldwide, these impacts may be further aggravated.

Contributions towards the hazard evaluation of two widely used cytostatic drugs.

Cytostatic drugs are one of the most important therapeutic options for cancer, a disease that is expected to affect 29 million individuals by 2040. After being excreted, cytostatics reach wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), which are unable to efficiently remove them, and consequently, they will be released into the aquatic environment. Due to the highly toxic properties of cytostatics, it is particularly relevant to evaluate their potential ecological risk. Yet, cytostatics toxicity data is still not available for various species. In this work, the ecotoxicity of two widely consumed cytostatics, cyclophosphamide (CYP-as a model cytostatic) and mycophenolic acid (MPA-as a priority cytostatic), was evaluated on three freshwater species-Raphidocelis subcapitata, Brachionus calyciflorus, and Danio rerio, and the risk quotient (RQ) was assessed. Both drugs significantly affected the yield and growth inhibition of the microalgae, while for rotifers, the least sensitive species, only significant effects were registered for CYP. These drugs also caused significant effects on the mortality and morphological abnormalities on zebrafish. The estimation of the RQ discloses that CYP seems to pose a low risk to aquatic biota while MPA poses a very high risk. Altogether, these results emphasize the need for more complete environmental risk assessments, to properly prioritize and rank cytostatics according to their potentially toxic effects on the environment and aquatic biota.

Contato imediato entre mãe e recém-nascido na primeira hora de vida: um estudo transversal / Immediate contact between mother and newborn in the first hour of life: a cross-sectional study

RESUMO Objetivo comparar as características populacionais e assistenciais de adesão ao contato imediato entre mãe e recém-nascido na primeira hora de vida em duas maternidades públicas de risco habitual. Métodos trata-se de um estudo transversal, do qual participaram 105 mães que tiveram parto normal e seus respectivos recém-nascidos na primeira hora de vida em duas maternidades com unidades de Pré-parto, Parto e Puerpério. Para a pesquisa, utilizou-se um instrumento com 36 questões baseadas nas Diretrizes Nacionais de Assistência ao Parto Normal. A análise foi baseada no teste Qui-quadrado de homogeneidade e teste Exato de Fisher, para comparar a assistência prestada nas maternidades. Resultados ambas as maternidades atenderam aos binômios de risco habitual. Quanto à assistência prestada, apenas a maternidade federal promoveu o incentivo ao contato imediato entre mãe e recém-nascido na primeira hora de vida, além de favorecer 7,1% (n=3) dos binômios com a hora dourada de forma correta e significativa (p=0,037). Conclusão apesar da similaridade do perfil da assistência, apenas uma maternidade realizou a hora dourada, sendo necessária a inserção das boas práticas nas maternidades. Contribuições para a prática por meio da observação direta da assistência prestada ao binômio, identificaram-se lacunas no formato e durabilidade do contato imediato nas maternidades.

ABSTRACT Objective to compare population and care characteristics of adherence to immediate contact between mother and newborn in the first hour of life in two public maternity hospitals at usual risk. Methods cross-sectional study with 105 mothers after normal delivery and their respective newborns in the first hour of life in two maternity hospitals with Prepartum, Labor, and Puerperium units. We used an instrument with 36 questions based on the National Guidelines of Assistance to Normal Birth. Analysis was based on the chi-square test for homogeneity and Fisher's exact test to compare the assistance provided in maternity hospitals. Results both maternity hospitals attended the usual risk binomials. Regarding the assistance provided, only the federal maternity promoted encouragement of immediate contact between mother and newborn in the first hour of life, besides favoring 7.1% (n=3) of the binomials with the golden hour in a correct and significant way (p=0.037). Conclusion despite the similarity of the assistance profile, only one maternity hospital performed the golden hour, being necessary the insertion of good practices in maternity hospitals. Contributions to practice direct observation of the assistance provided to binomial identified gaps in the format and durability of the immediate contact in maternity hospitals.

Ortodontia minimamente invasiva auxiliando a reabilitação estética dos incisivos superiores ­ relato de caso / Minimally invasive orthodontics can help aesthetic rehabilitation of the upper anterior teeth ­ a case report

Resumo Esse artigo descreve o tratamento de um diastema na região anterior da maxila utilizando uma abordagem multidisciplinar. Paciente do gênero feminino, 38 anos, procurou atendimento odontológico na Clínica Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Nove de Julho, com queixa estética devido ao diastema da linha média maxilar. Após exame clínico e tratamento periodontal, verificou-se a necessidade de alinhamento e nivelamento dos dentes anteriores. O excesso de papila gengival entre 11 e 21 foi submetido à exérese, e um aparelho ortodôntico fixo foi instalado em 12, 11, 21 e 22. Após três semanas, quando os dentes estavam posicionados em condições mais favoráveis, uma contenção Hawley foi adaptada para pequenas correções no sentido vestíbulo-lingual. Para a restauração dos dentes, foi feito um molde diagnóstico e enceramento para permitir a construção de uma matriz de silicone. Um compósito nano-híbrido e um micro-híbrido foram escolhidos e colocados seguindo a matriz de silicone ajustada ao lado palatino dos dentes. Após os procedimentos de acabamento e polimento, o resultado estético foi muito satisfatório tanto para o paciente quanto para a equipe odontológica. A relevância clínica desse caso indica que é possível treinar alunos de Graduação para alcançar o sucesso no tratamento de diastemas adversos da linha média em um curto período de tempo, com planejamento e interação entre diferentes especialidades odontológicas. (AU)

Abstract This manuscript described the treatment of anterior maxillary diastema using a multidisciplinary approach. A female patient, 38 years old, looked for dental treatment at the University Nove de Julho Dental School Clinic with an esthetic complaint due to maxillary midline diastema. After clinical examination and periodontal treatment, the necessity of alignment and leveling of the anterior teeth was verified. Excess of gingival papilla between 11 and 21 underwent exeresis and an orthodontic fixed appliance was installed in 12, 11, 21, and 22. After three weeks, when the teeth were positioned in a more favorable condition, a Hawley retainer was adapted for small corrections in buccolingual direction. For teeth restoration, a diagnostic cast and wax-up was made to allow the construction of a silicone matrix. A nanohybrid and a microhybrid composite were chosen and placed following the silicone matrix adjusted to the palatal side of the teeth. After finishing and polishing procedures, the esthetic result was very satisfactory for both the patient and the dental staff. The clinical relevance of this case indicates that it is possible to train undergraduate students to achieve success treating adverse midline diastema in a short period of time throw planning and interaction among different dental specialties (AU)

Elements that influenced immediate mother-neonate contact during the golden hour.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the elements that influenced the immediate mother-neonate contact during the golden hour. METHOD: A cross-sectional observational study with a quantitative approach. A total of 105 parturient women hospitalized in two maternity hospitals with usual risk were observed. The instrument was based on Brazilian National Normal Childbirth Care Guidelines and World Health Organization good obstetric practices, totaling 36 questions. The analysis took place in a descriptive way using the Chi-Square Test for proportion comparison. RESULTS: Of the parturient women, 2.8% (n = 3) experienced the golden hour, and 82.9% (n = 87), immediate contact between 1 and 5 minutes. In 85.7% (n = 90) of the group, there were no causes that contraindicated immediate contact. For 48.0% (n = 49) of participants, contact was re-established by the nursing staff within 31-60 minutes. CONCLUSION: Immediate contact during the golden hour had low hospital care compliance. Neonatal procedures that can be postponed predominated as influencing elements of the golden hour. The assistance observed in the birth rooms investigated reflects the need to reduce interventions in labor and birth.

Clinical and parasitological impact of short-term treatment using miltefosine and allopurinol monotherapy or combination therapy in canine visceral leishmaniasis.

Canine visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic zoonosis in Brazil. Dogs are the main hosts in urban environments. The treatment has gained popularity since the Brazilian government authorized miltefosine for canine treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and parasitological impact of short-term treatment with miltefosine and allopurinol, alone and in combination. We evaluated the ability of pharmacotherapy to reduce clinical signs of disease, antibody levels using the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and skin parasite load via qPCR after 28 days of treatment. The therapeutic protocols promoted a significant decline in clinical signs and in the skin parasite load in dogs (p < 0.01). We observed a moderate correlation between the skin parasite load and the clinical score in all three treatment groups (r > 0.5) Antibody levels did not decrease in this short period. It was concluded that the treatment with allopurinol reduced the number of parasites in the skin of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis in the short term. However, its efficiency is potentiated when associated with miltefosine.

Elements that influenced immediate mother-neonate contact during the golden hour / Elementos que influyeron en el contacto inmediato entre madre y bebé en la hora dorada / Elementos Que Influenciaram No Contato Imediato Entre Mãe E Bebê Na hora dourada

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the elements that influenced the immediate mother-neonate contact during the golden hour. Method: A cross-sectional observational study with a quantitative approach. A total of 105 parturient women hospitalized in two maternity hospitals with usual risk were observed. The instrument was based on Brazilian National Normal Childbirth Care Guidelines and World Health Organization good obstetric practices, totaling 36 questions. The analysis took place in a descriptive way using the Chi-Square Test for proportion comparison. Results: Of the parturient women, 2.8% (n = 3) experienced the golden hour, and 82.9% (n = 87), immediate contact between 1 and 5 minutes. In 85.7% (n = 90) of the group, there were no causes that contraindicated immediate contact. For 48.0% (n = 49) of participants, contact was re-established by the nursing staff within 31-60 minutes. Conclusion: Immediate contact during the golden hour had low hospital care compliance. Neonatal procedures that can be postponed predominated as influencing elements of the golden hour. The assistance observed in the birth rooms investigated reflects the need to reduce interventions in labor and birth.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Caracterizar los elementos que influyeron en el contacto inmediato entre madre y bebé en la hora dorada. Método: Estudio observacional transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. Se observaron un total de 105 parturientas hospitalizadas en dos maternidades de riesgo habitual. El instrumento se basó en la guía para la atención del parto normal en Brasil y las buenas prácticas obstétricas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, totalizando 36 preguntas. El análisis se realizó de forma descriptiva utilizando la Prueba Chi-Cuadrado para comparación de proporciones. Resultados: De las parturientas, 2,8% (n = 3) experimentó la hora dorada y 82,9% (n = 87), el contacto inmediato entre 1 y 5 minutos. En el 85,7% (n = 90) del grupo no hubo causas que contraindicaran el contacto inmediato. Para el 48,0% (n = 49) de los participantes, el contacto fue restablecido por el personal de enfermería dentro de los 31-60 minutos. Conclusión: El contacto inmediato en la hora dorada tuvo baja adherencia en la atención hospitalaria. Los procedimientos neonatales que pueden posponerse predominaron como elementos influyentes de la hora dorada. La asistencia observada en las salas de parto investigadas refleja la necesidad de reducir las intervenciones en el trabajo de parto y nacimiento.

RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar os elementos que influenciaram no contato imediato entre mãe e bebê na hora dourada. Método: Estudo observacional transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram observadas 105 parturientes internadas em duas maternidades de risco habitual. O instrumento teve como base as Diretrizes Nacionais de Assistência ao Parto Normal e as boas práticas obstétricas da Organização Mundial da Saúde, totalizando 36 questões. A análise ocorreu de forma descritiva mediante o Teste do Qui-Quadrado para comparação de proporção. Resultados: Das parturientes, 2,8% (n = 3) vivenciaram a hora dourada, e 82,9% (n = 87), o contato imediato entre 1 e 5 minutos. Em 85,7% (n = 90) do grupo, não houve causas que contraindicassem o contato imediato. Para 48,0% (n = 49) das participantes, o contato foi restabelecido pela enfermagem entre 31-60 minutos. Conclusão O contato imediato na hora dourada teve baixa adesão na assistência hospitalar. Os procedimentos neonatais passíveis de serem adiados predominaram como elementos influenciadores da hora dourada. A assistência observada nas salas de parto investigadas reflete a necessidade de reduzir as intervenções no parto e nascimento.

Monitoring of serum and urinary biomarkers during treatment of canine visceral leishmaniasis.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CanL) has a broad spectrum of changes, with kidney disease being considered the main cause of mortality. Thus, this study aimed to monitor serum and urinary biomarkers in response to two short-term treatments for CanL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty dogs with CanL were equally divided into two treatment groups and treated with either miltefosine (Group M) or miltefosine plus allopurinol (Group MA); the groups were evaluated before treatment and after 28 days of treatment. Physical exams were performed and hematimetric, biochemical, and urinary parameters, including urinary biomarkers cystatin C (CisC), lipocalin-2 (NGAL), and microalbuminuria, were measured. RESULTS: Both treatments significantly reduced clinical scores (p<0.05), but only the MA group saw a reduction in the clinical-pathological score. The serum albumin and calcium levels increased significantly in the MA and M groups (p<0.05). Proteinuria and urinary density did not decrease significantly after the treatments. With regard to the biomarkers, CisC and microalbuminuria did not have any significant changes; however, NGAL was significantly reduced in the MA group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Both pharmacotherapeutic protocols promoted clinical and clinical-pathological improvements. In addition, miltefosine plus allopurinol proved to be a safe treatment due to the lack of changes detected in the monitored renal biomarkers. The treatment with miltefosine plus allopurinol proved to be the most effective, with more pronounced beneficial effects for canines with visceral leishmaniasis.

Health care in the prenatal and childbirth context from puerperal women's perspective.

OBJECTIVES: to investigate puerperal women who received guidance on childbirth during prenatal care and the behaviors experienced in the labor process within the context of good obstetric practices from the perspective of puerperal women. METHODS: a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study conducted with 203 puerperal women admitted to the shared rooms of a teaching hospital between May and July 2017 during the immediate postpartum period. For data collection, was used an instrument adapted from the hospital questionnaire for puerperal women that was developed by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. RESULTS: only 48.3% of puerperal women received the eight orientations regarding good obstetric practices during prenatal care, which were not experienced in the labor process, especially regarding referral and behaviors of the hospital team. Unfavorable socioeconomic conditions were significant in relation to guidelines provided during prenatal care. CONCLUSIONS: prenatal care was negatively evaluated and there was lack of compliance with good obstetric practices and non-recommended behaviors in the labor process in the maternity ward.

Crianças em acolhimento institucional: dificuldades e possibilidades para a reinserção familiar / Institutionalized children: difficulties and possibilities for family reintegration

Este artigo investigou as dificuldades e possibilidades no processo de reinserção familiar de crianças de zero a sete anos que estiveram acolhidas em uma instituição no período de junho de 2015 a julho de 2016, em Belém/PA. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se o formulário de caracterização da criança e a ficha de reintegração familiar, por meio da pesquisa documental. Os dados foram analisados quantitativamente por meio da estatística descritiva. Os resultados apontam que é urgente a necessidade da produção de estudos que abordem a reinserção a fim de contribuir na reflexão da prática das instituições de acolhimento e o aprimoramento das políticas públicas.

This article investigated the difficulties and possibilities in the family reintegration process of children from zero to seven years old who were admitted to an institution from June 2015 to July 2016, in Belém / PA. For the data collection, the child's characterization form and the family reintegration form were used, through documentary research. Data were quantitatively analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results indicate that there is an urgent need to produce studies that address reinsertion in order to contribute to the reflection of the practice of the host institutions and the improvement of public policies.

Antimicrobial and antileukemic effects: in vitro activity of Calyptranthes grandifolia aqueous leaf extract.

Natural products are still a promising source of bioactive molecules. Food and Drug Administration data showed that approximately 49% of the approved molecules originate naturally or chemically-resemble these substances, of which more than 70% are being used in anticancer therapy. It is noteworthy that at present there are no scientific studies to prove the effectiveness and safety of a number of plants used in folk medicine such as in the case of Calyptranthes grandifolia O. Berg (Myrtaceae) originally from South America. The aim of the present study was to determine the biological potential and toxicological effects of the aqueous leaf extract of C. grandifolia. The main detected phytoconstituents were condensed tannins and flavonoids and a high quantity of polyphenols. Regarding the antimicrobial potential, the extract exerted inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results also revealed the extract induced DNA damage in a concentration-dependent manner in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, C. grandifolia produced cytotoxicity in leukemia cell lines (HL60 and Kasumi-1) without affecting isolated human lymphocytes but significantly inhibited JAK3 and p38α enzyme activity. Taken together, these findings add important information on the biological and toxicological effects of C. grandifolia, indicating that aqueous extract may be a source of natural antimicrobial and antileukemic constituents.

Health care in the prenatal and childbirth context from puerperal women's perspective / Atención de salúd en contexto de prénatal y parto desde la perspectiva de las madres / Atenção à saúde no contexto do pré-natal e parto sob a perspectiva de puérperas

ABSTRACT Objectives: to investigate puerperal women who received guidance on childbirth during prenatal care and the behaviors experienced in the labor process within the context of good obstetric practices from the perspective of puerperal women. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study conducted with 203 puerperal women admitted to the shared rooms of a teaching hospital between May and July 2017 during the immediate postpartum period. For data collection, was used an instrument adapted from the hospital questionnaire for puerperal women that was developed by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Results: only 48.3% of puerperal women received the eight orientations regarding good obstetric practices during prenatal care, which were not experienced in the labor process, especially regarding referral and behaviors of the hospital team. Unfavorable socioeconomic conditions were significant in relation to guidelines provided during prenatal care. Conclusions: prenatal care was negatively evaluated and there was lack of compliance with good obstetric practices and non-recommended behaviors in the labor process in the maternity ward.

RESUMEN Objetivos: investigar a las madres que recibieron orientación sobre el parto durante la atención prenatal y los comportamientos experimentados en el proceso de parto, en el contexto de buenas prácticas obstétricas, desde la perspectiva de las madres. Métodos: una investigación descriptiva, transversal y cuantitativa, realizada con 203 mujeres en el posparto inmediato ingresadas en un alojamiento conjunto de un hospital escuela entre mayo y julio de 2017. Para la recopilación de datos, se utilizó un instrumento adaptado del cuestionario del hospital para madres preparado por la Fundación Oswaldo Cruz. Resultados: solo el 48,3% de las madres recibió las ocho orientaciones sobre buenas prácticas obstétricas durante la atención prenatal, que no fueron vividas en el proceso de parto, especialmente en relación con la referencia al hospital y la conducta del equipo del hospital. Las condiciones socioeconómicas desfavorables fueron significativas en relación con las orientaciones en la atención prenatal. Conclusiones: la atención prenatal se evaluó negativamente, con la presencia de conductas no recomendadas en el proceso de parto en la sala de maternidad y la falta de cumplimiento de las buenas prácticas obstétricas.

RESUMO Objetivos: investigar as puérperas que receberam orientações acerca do parto no pré-natal e as condutas vivenciadas no processo parturitivo, no contexto das boas práticas obstétricas, a partir da visão das puérperas. Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 203 puérperas no pós-parto imediato admitidas no alojamento conjunto de um hospital-escola entre maio e julho de 2017. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um instrumento adaptado do questionário hospitalar-puérpera elaborado pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Resultados: apenas 48,3% das puérperas receberam as oitos orientações referentes às boas práticas obstétricas no pré-natal, que não foram vivenciadas no processo parturitivo, sobretudo no aspecto do referenciamento e na conduta da equipe hospitalar. As condições socioeconômicas desfavoráveis apresentaram significância em relação às orientações do pré-natal. Conclusões: a assistência do pré-natal apresentou avaliação negativa, com presença de condutas não recomendadas no processo parturitivo na maternidade e falta de cumprimento das boas práticas obstétricas.

Outbreak of neonatal diarrhea caused by multiple genotypes of rotavirus A in a beef calves herd / Surto de diarreia neonatal por múltiplos genótipos de rotavírus A em um rebanho de bovinos de corte

Calf diarrhea causes substantial economic losses to beef cattle production worldwide. It is a complex multifactorial pathological condition influenced by infectious, nutritional and environmental factors. The present study focused on analyzing the pathological and molecular characterization of bovine rotavirus A (BoRVA) during a diarrhea outbreak in a beef cattle herd located in the state of Mato Grosso, central-western region, Brazil. The outbreak caused high morbidity (80%) and mortality (12%) among 1,100 calves up to 30 days of age. The BoRVA was identified in 53.3% (16/30) of the diarrheic fecal samples analyzed using the silver-stained polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (ss-PAGE) technique. The nucleotide sequence analysis of VP7 (G genotype) and VP4 (P genotype) via RT-PCR from eight BoRVA-positive fecal samples showed the genotypes G6P[5] (n = 6), G6P[11] (n = 1) and G6P[X] (n = 1). Three calves were necropsied and the gross findings included edema and thickened, wrinkled bowel mucosa in the small intestine. Microscopic lesions were confined to the villi of the small intestine, characterized mainly by villus fusion and moderate multifocal lymphoplasmacytic enteritis. Immunohistochemical examination of three cases was positive for BoRVA. The 53.3% of the diarrheic fecal samples that were positive for BoRVA in this study suggested that RV was the etiological agent involved in this neonatal calf diarrhea outbreak.(AU)

A diarreia neonatal provoca perdas econômicas substanciais na produção de bovinos em todo o mundo. É uma condição patológica multifatorial complexa influenciada por fatores infecciosos, nutricionais e ambientais. O presente estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o rotavírus tipo A (BoRVA) através da análise patológica e molecular durante um surto de diarreia em um rebanho bovino localizado no estado de Mato Grosso, região centro-oeste, no Brasil. O surto causou alta morbidade (80%) e letalidade (12%) em um rebanho composto 1.100 bezerros até 30 dias de idade. O BoRVA foi identificado em 53,3% (16/30) das amostras fecais diarreicas analisadas usando a técnica de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida corada com prata (ss-PAGE). A análise da sequência nucleotídica de VP7 (genótipo G) e VP4 (genótipo P) via RT-PCR a partir de oito amostras fecais BoRVA-positivas mostrou os genótipos G6P [5] (n = 6), G6P [11] (n = 1) e G6P [X] (n = 1). Três bezerros foram submetidos à necropsia e os achados macroscópicos incluíram edema e espessamento da mucosa do intestino delgado. As lesões microscópicas foram observadas nas vilosidades do intestino delgado, sendo caracterizadas principalmente por fusiosamento de vilosidades e enterite linfoplasmocitária multifocal moderada. O exame imunohistoquímico dos três casos foram positivos para o BoRVA. As 53,3% das amostras fecais diarreicas positivas para o BoRVA sugeriram que o rotavírus é o agente etiológico envolvido neste surto de diarreia neonatal em bezerros.(AU)

Analysis of database about vaccination against Human Papillomavirus in Sergipe in 2014 / Análise do banco de dados referente à vacinação contra papilomavírus humano no estado de Sergipe no ano de 2014

Introduction: The development of the Human papillomavirus vaccine has created the possibility of action at the primary level for the prevention of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Objective: To analyze the data obtained by the introduction of the vaccine against papillomavirus in the state of Sergipe, quantifying the sampling population of girls met in 2014 and quantify the hit target by each micro-region of the state. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis, descriptive with retrospective component, using only secondary data from the Health State Department - Sergipe, concerning the vaccination coverage of vaccine against human papillomavirus from March 2014 to December 2014 in 11 to 13-year-old girls. Wilcoxon test was used for mean differences in the paired regions, ages and both. Results: In the analysis of the study period, a total population of 11 to 13-year-old girls, 61785 received the first dose of the vaccine (D1), reaching a 103.25% coverage and, 30,561 of these received the second dose of vaccine, resulting in a 56.26% coverage. In all analyzed regions decreasing doses applied between the first (D1) and the second dose (D2) were found. In this analysis, the confidence interval to 95% were all small and all data were analyzed statistically significant at p<0.001. Conclusion: All micro-regions reached the vaccination goal of the State Departament of Health in the application of the first doses and two of them were above the national average. However, none reached the target in the second dose, four micro-regions were below the national average and tree above. The age group of 12 years was the only one to not reach the goal neither in the first nor in the second dose.

Introdução: O desenvolvimento da vacina contra o Papilomavírus humano criou a possibilidade de agir a nível primário na prevenção de câncer cervical e lesões pré-cancerosas. Objetivo: Analisar os dados obtidos através da instituição da vacina contra o Papilomavirus no estado de Sergipe, quantificando amostralmente a população de meninas atendidas no ano de 2014 e quantificar a meta atingida por cada microrregião do estado. Métodos: Análise de corte transversal, descritiva, com componente retrospectivo, utilizando-se exclusivamente dados secundários provenientes da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde - Sergipe, referentes à cobertura vacinal contra o papilomavirus humano no ano de 2014 em meninas de 11 a 13 anos de idade. Foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon para diferenças de médias pareadas nas regiões, nas idades e em ambos. Resultados: No período de análise do estudo, de uma população total de meninas na faixa etária de 11 a 13 anos, 61.785 receberam a primeira dose da vacina (D1), atingindo uma cobertura de 103,25% e destas, 30.561 receberam a segunda dose da vacina gerando uma cobertura de 56,26%. Em todas as regiões analisadas foram encontradas diminuição de doses aplicada entre a primeira (D1) e a segunda dose (D2). Nesta análise, o intervalo de confiança para 95% foram todos pequenos e todos os dados analisados foram estatisticamente significantes com p<0,001. Conclusão: Todas as microrregiões atingiram a meta de vacinação da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde na aplicação das primeiras doses, duas delas ficaram acima da média nacional. No entanto, nenhuma atingiu a meta na segunda dose, quatro microrregiões ficaram abaixo da média nacional e três acima. A faixa etária de de 12 anos foi a única que não alcançou a meta vacinal nem na primeira, nem na segunda dose.