Nosocomial transmission of tet(x3), bla NDM-1 and bla OXA-97-carrying Acinetobacter baumannii conferring resistance to eravacycline and omadacycline, the Netherlands, March to August 2021.

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is an important pathogen causing serious nosocomial infections. We describe an outbreak of CRAb in an intensive care unit in the Netherlands in 2021. During an outbreak of non-resistant A. baumannii, while infection control measures were in place, CRAb isolates carrying highly similar bla NDM-1 - and tet(x3)-encoding plasmids were isolated from three patients over a period of several months. The chromosomal and plasmid sequences of the CRAb and non-carbapenemase-carrying A. baumannii isolates cultured from patient materials were analysed using hybrid assemblies of short-read and long-read sequences. The CRAb isolates revealed that the CRAb outbreak consisted of two different strains, carrying similar plasmids. The plasmids contained multiple antibiotic resistance genes including the tetracycline resistance gene tet(x3), and the bla NDM-1 and bla OXA-97 carbapenemase genes. We determined minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for 13 antibiotics, including the newly registered tetracycline antibiotics eravacycline and omadacycline. The CRAb isolates showed high MICs for tetracycline antibiotics including eravacycline and omadacycline, except for minocycline which had a low MIC. In this study we show the value of sequencing multidrug-resistant A. baumannii for outbreak tracking and guiding outbreak mitigation measures.

Adaptive Content Tuning of Social Network Digital Health Interventions Using Control Systems Engineering for Precision Public Health: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Social media has emerged as an effective tool to mitigate preventable and costly health issues with social network interventions (SNIs), but a precision public health approach is still lacking to improve health equity and account for population disparities. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to (1) develop an SNI framework for precision public health using control systems engineering to improve the delivery of digital educational interventions for health behavior change and (2) validate the SNI framework to increase organ donation awareness in California, taking into account underlying population disparities. METHODS: This study developed and tested an SNI framework that uses publicly available data at the ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) level to uncover demographic environments using clustering analysis, which is then used to guide digital health interventions using the Meta business platform. The SNI delivered 5 tailored organ donation-related educational contents through Facebook to 4 distinct demographic environments uncovered in California with and without an Adaptive Content Tuning (ACT) mechanism, a novel application of the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) method, in a cluster randomized trial (CRT) over a 3-month period. The daily number of impressions (ie, exposure to educational content) and clicks (ie, engagement) were measured as a surrogate marker of awareness. A stratified analysis per demographic environment was conducted. RESULTS: Four main clusters with distinctive sociodemographic characteristics were identified for the state of California. The ACT mechanism significantly increased the overall click rate per 1000 impressions (ß=.2187; P<.001), with the highest effect on cluster 1 (ß=.3683; P<.001) and the lowest effect on cluster 4 (ß=.0936; P=.053). Cluster 1 is mainly composed of a population that is more likely to be rural, White, and have a higher rate of Medicare beneficiaries, while cluster 4 is more likely to be urban, Hispanic, and African American, with a high employment rate without high income and a higher proportion of Medicaid beneficiaries. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed SNI framework, with its ACT mechanism, learns and delivers, in real time, for each distinct subpopulation, the most tailored educational content and establishes a new standard for precision public health to design novel health interventions with the use of social media, automation, and machine learning in a form that is efficient and equitable. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NTC04850287; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04850287.

Enhanced thermal and photo-stability of a para-substituted dicumyl ketone intercalated in a layered double hydroxide.

A ketodiacid, 4,4'-dicarboxylate-dicumyl ketone (3), has been intercalated into a Zn, Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) by a coprecipitation synthesis strategy. The structure and chemical composition of the resultant hybrid material (LDH-KDA3) were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), FT-IR, FT-Raman and solid-state 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopies, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and elemental analysis (CHN). PXRD showed that the dicarboxylate guest molecules assembled into a monolayer to give a basal spacing of 18.0 Å. TGA revealed that the organic guest starts to decompose at a significantly higher temperature (ca. 330°C) than that determined for the free ketodiacid (ca. 230°C). Photochemical experiments were performed to probe the photoreactivity of the ketoacid in the crystalline state, in solution, and as a guest embedded within the photochemically-inert LDH host. Irradiation of the bulk crystalline ketoacid results in photodecarbonylation and the exclusive formation of the radical-radical combination product. Solution studies employing the standard myoglobin (Mb) assay for quantification of released CO showed that the ketoacid behaved as a photoactivatable CO-releasing molecule for transfer of CO to heme proteins, although the photoreactivity was low. No photoinduced release of CO was found for the LDH system, indicating that molecular confinement enhanced the photo-stability of the hexasubstituted ketone. To better understand the behavior of 3 under irradiation, a more comprehensive study, involving excitation of this compound in DMSO-d6 followed by 1H NMR, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, was undertaken and further rationalized with the help of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) electronic quantum calculations. The photophysical study showed the formation of a less emissive compound (or compounds). New signals in the 1H NMR spectra were attributed to photoproducts obtained via Norrish type I α-cleavage decarbonylation and Norrish type II (followed by CH3 migration) pathways. TDDFT calculations predicted that the formation of a keto-enol system (via a CH3 migration step in the type II pathway) was highly favorable and consistent with the observed spectral data.

Atividade Encarcerada: O Trabalho de Psicólogos nas Prisões / Actividad Encarnada: El Trabajo de los Psicologos en las Prisiones / Incarcerated Activity: The Work of Psychologists in Prisons

In Brazil, the presence of psychology in prisons was established by the Criminal Sentence Execution Act, in 1984, and it was intensified in the past three decades. In the paper, the results of a study are discussed to understand the activity of psychologists in the prisons in Minas Gerais, based on clinical approaches to the work. We performed a qualitative research, with content analysis of documents, observations in five pris-ons, and interviews with 14 psychologists who work at these prisons. We verified that the role of psychol-ogy in prisons has been controversial, with different institutional intersections resulting from the security and punishment logic, which seems to frequently oppose professional ethical principles. The institutional demand for classifying prisoners overlaps with the monitoring of rehabilitation programs, set forth by law. This scenario, worsened by the lack of professionals, results in obstructions in the activity, the distress of the worker, trivialization of the violation of rights, and uncritical adhesion to the repressive mechanism of the institution

No Brasil, a presença da psicologia nas prisões foi instituída pela Lei de Execução Penal, em 1984, e se intensificou nas últimas três décadas. No artigo, são discutidos os resultados de um estudo para compreender a atuação dos psicólogos nos presídios de Minas Gerais, a partir das Abordagens Clínicas do Trabalho. Realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, com análise de conteúdo de documentos, observações em cinco presídios e entrevistas com quatorze psicólogos que atuam nesses presídios. Verificamos que o papel da Psicologia nas prisões tem sido controverso, com diferentes atravessamentos institucionais decorrentes da lógica da segurança e da punição, e que parecem frequentemente contrariar os princípios éticos profissionais. A demanda institucional para a classificação dos presos se sobrepõe ao monitoramento dos programas de reabilitação, previstos em lei. Esse cenário, agravado pela escassez de profissionais, resulta em obstruções na atividade, angústia do trabalhador, naturalização da violação de direitos e adesão acrítica ao mecanismo repressivo da instituição.

Phage-Host Interaction Analysis by Flow Cytometry Allows for Rapid and Efficient Screening of Phages.

Recently, phages have become popular as an alternative to antibiotics. This increased demand for phage therapy needs rapid and efficient methods to screen phages infecting specific hosts. Existing methods are time-consuming, and for clinical purposes, novel, quick, and reliable screening methods are highly needed. Flow cytometry (FC) allows a quick differentiation and enumeration of bacterial cell populations and has been used to assess in vitro the activity of antimicrobial compounds. In this work, we propose FC as a rapid and reliable method to assess the susceptibility of a bacterial population to phage infection. For that, the interaction of phages vB_PaeM_CEB_DP1 and vB_PaeP_PE3 with Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 was characterized by FC. Synchronous infection assays were performed, and samples were collected at different time points and stained with SYTO BC and PI before analysis. Part of the collected samples was used to characterize the expression of early, middle, and late genes by qPCR. Both FC and qPCR results were correlated with phage propagation assays. Results showed that SYTO BC median fluorescence intensity (MFI) values increased in the first 25 min of PE3 and DP1 infection. The increase of fluorescence is due to the expression of phage genes observed by qPCR. Since SYTO BC MFI values increase with gene expression, it allows the determination of host susceptibility to a phage in a short period of time, avoiding false positives caused by lysis from without. In conclusion, this method may allow for a quick and high-throughput real-time screening of different phages to a specific host, which can be crucial for a quick phage selection in clinical practice.

Use of Equine Sperm Cryopreservation Techniques as a Conservation Method of Donkey Germplasm.

The aim of this study was to test equine semen cryopreservation techniques for the conservation of donkey germplasm. Ejaculates of three male donkeys were used (n = 18; six ejaculates per donkey; six repetitions), collected by the artificial vagina method. To remove the seminal plasma, the ejaculates were split and submitted to filtration or centrifugation methods. To assess the freezing method, each fraction was submitted to the automated system or the conventional system, and groups were formed: automated centrifuge, automated filtrate, conventional centrifuge and conventional filtrate. After thawing (37°C/30 seconds), were analyzed the sperm kinetic parameters, integrity and functionality of the plasma membrane and mitochondrial membrane potential. Highest sperm concentration (P < .05) was observed in the filtrate groups; the conventional filtrate group presented lower (P < .05) progressive motility and curvilinear velocity compared to the other groups; no difference was observed (P > .05) among the groups for the membrane integrity and functionality, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Thus, centrifugation is the most indicated technique to remove donkey seminal plasma and the automated and conventional freezing methods can be used in donkey semen conservation.

Exploitation of a Klebsiella Bacteriophage Receptor-Binding Protein as a Superior Biorecognition Molecule.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium that has become one of the leading causes of life-threatening healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), including pneumonia and sepsis. Moreover, due to its increasingly antibiotic resistance, K. pneumoniae has been declared a global top priority concern. The problem of K. pneumoniae infections is due, in part, to the inability to detect this pathogen rapidly and accurately and thus to treat patients within the early stages of infections. The success in bacterial detection is greatly dictated by the biorecognition molecule used, with the current diagnostic tools relying on expensive probes often lacking specificity and/or sensitivity. (Bacterio)phage receptor-binding proteins (RBPs) are responsible for the recognition and adsorption of phages to specific bacterial host receptors and thus present high potential as biorecognition molecules. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of a novel RBP from the K. pneumoniae phage KpnM6E1 that presents high specificity against the target bacteria and high sensitivity (80%) to recognize K. pneumoniae strains. Moreover, adsorption studies validated the role of gp86 in the attachment to bacterial receptors, as it highly inhibits (86%) phage adsorption to its Klebsiella host. Overall, in this study, we unravel the role and potential of a novel Klebsiella phage RBP as a powerful tool to be used coupled with analytical techniques or biosensing platforms for the diagnosis of K. pneumoniae infections.

Vulnerabilty and precariousness in a favela in Rio de Janeiro: noises, control and conventions of the Bolsa Família Program. / Vulnerabilidade e precariedade em uma favela carioca: ruídos, controles e convenções a partir do Programa Bolsa Família.

The article discusses how the Bolsa Família Program (PBF) is mobilized and gains different meanings in the practices and discourses of beneficiaries in a favela in Rio de Janeiro. The empirical material comes from fieldwork research in the Favela do Tripé (fictitious name), a precarious stretch of a larger favela which involved participant observation and interaction with the Program beneficiaries. From these women's speeches, we reflect on the relationship among the PBF and vulnerabilities, food, health, gender conventions, and the role and presence of the State in favela contexts. The issue of care, represented by the central position of mothers/women, is also one of the conducting axis of the analysis, showing how the act of care reiterates moral conventions. From the noises - ranging from shootings to the screams of mothers - there is also a discussion about the position of the woman and her role as caregiver and mother, addressing that group's expectations. These expectations reaffirm gender conventions and make evident the moralization of the female place and the maternal condition. In addition to State violence, organized crime agents and diffuse controls and surveillance in the Favela do Tripé, the other dimension of sociability of the residents addressed here concerns vulnerability and precariousness.

O artigo discute como o Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) é mobilizado e significado nas práticas e discursos de beneficiárias em uma favela no Rio de Janeiro. O material empírico do qual se parte é uma pesquisa de campo na Favela do Tripé (nome fictício), trecho precário de uma favela maior, que envolveu observação participante e a interação com beneficiárias do Programa. A partir das falas destas mulheres, refletimos sobre a relação entre o PBF, vulnerabilidades, saúde, alimentação, convenções de gênero e o papel e presença do Estado em contextos de favela. A questão do cuidado, representada pela posição central das mães/mulheres, também é um dos fios condutores da análise, mostrando como o ato de cuidar reitera convenções morais. A partir dos ruídos - que vão desde os tiroteios aos gritos de mães -, realiza-se também uma discussão sobre a posição da mulher e o seu papel enquanto cuidadora e mãe, abordando as expectativas daquele grupo. Estas expectativas reafirmam convenções de gênero e deixam evidente a moralização do lugar feminino e da condição materna. Para além da violência estatal e dos agentes do crime organizado, dos controles e vigilâncias difusos, no Tripé, a outra dimensão da sociabilidade dos moradores aqui abordada diz respeito à vulnerabilidade e à precariedade.

Vulnerabilidade e precariedade em uma favela carioca: ruídos, controles e convenções a partir do Programa Bolsa Família / Vulnerabilty and precariousness in a favela in Rio de Janeiro: noises, control and conventions of the Bolsa Família Program

Resumo O artigo discute como o Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) é mobilizado e significado nas práticas e discursos de beneficiárias em uma favela no Rio de Janeiro. O material empírico do qual se parte é uma pesquisa de campo na Favela do Tripé (nome fictício), trecho precário de uma favela maior, que envolveu observação participante e a interação com beneficiárias do Programa. A partir das falas destas mulheres, refletimos sobre a relação entre o PBF, vulnerabilidades, saúde, alimentação, convenções de gênero e o papel e presença do Estado em contextos de favela. A questão do cuidado, representada pela posição central das mães/mulheres, também é um dos fios condutores da análise, mostrando como o ato de cuidar reitera convenções morais. A partir dos ruídos - que vão desde os tiroteios aos gritos de mães -, realiza-se também uma discussão sobre a posição da mulher e o seu papel enquanto cuidadora e mãe, abordando as expectativas daquele grupo. Estas expectativas reafirmam convenções de gênero e deixam evidente a moralização do lugar feminino e da condição materna. Para além da violência estatal e dos agentes do crime organizado, dos controles e vigilâncias difusos, no Tripé, a outra dimensão da sociabilidade dos moradores aqui abordada diz respeito à vulnerabilidade e à precariedade.

Abstract The article discusses how the Bolsa Família Program (PBF) is mobilized and gains different meanings in the practices and discourses of beneficiaries in a favela in Rio de Janeiro. The empirical material comes from fieldwork research in the Favela do Tripé (fictitious name), a precarious stretch of a larger favela which involved participant observation and interaction with the Program beneficiaries. From these women's speeches, we reflect on the relationship among the PBF and vulnerabilities, food, health, gender conventions, and the role and presence of the State in favela contexts. The issue of care, represented by the central position of mothers/women, is also one of the conducting axis of the analysis, showing how the act of care reiterates moral conventions. From the noises - ranging from shootings to the screams of mothers - there is also a discussion about the position of the woman and her role as caregiver and mother, addressing that group's expectations. These expectations reaffirm gender conventions and make evident the moralization of the female place and the maternal condition. In addition to State violence, organized crime agents and diffuse controls and surveillance in the Favela do Tripé, the other dimension of sociability of the residents addressed here concerns vulnerability and precariousness.

Designing P. aeruginosa synthetic phages with reduced genomes.

In the era where antibiotic resistance is considered one of the major worldwide concerns, bacteriophages have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to deal with this problem. Genetically engineered bacteriophages can enable enhanced anti-bacterial functionalities, but require cloning additional genes into the phage genomes, which might be challenging due to the DNA encapsulation capacity of a phage. To tackle this issue, we designed and assembled for the first time synthetic phages with smaller genomes by knocking out up to 48% of the genes encoding hypothetical proteins from the genome of the newly isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage vB_PaeP_PE3. The antibacterial efficacy of the wild-type and the synthetic phages was assessed in vitro as well as in vivo using a Galleria mellonella infection model. Overall, both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that the knock-outs made in phage genome do not impair the antibacterial properties of the synthetic phages, indicating that this could be a good strategy to clear space from phage genomes in order to enable the introduction of other genes of interest that can potentiate the future treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.

A tecnologia e a atividade dos psicólogos e psicólogas em tempos da pandemia de COVID-19: desafios e apontamentos / Technology and the psychologists' role in COVID-19 times: challenges and notes / La tecnología y la actividad de los psicólogos en tiempos de COVID-19: desafíos y apuntes

Este artigo discute a relação entre o trabalho dos psicólogos e psicólogas e a tecnologia, no contexto marcado pela pandemia da covid-19. Com base na análise da dupla condição da Psicologia, como ciência e profissão, historicamente construída e reproduzida, o texto propõe uma análise crítica da intensificação do uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), com ênfase na atividade de atendimentos clínicos individuais, por se tratar de uma modalidade de serviço em flagrante expansão no atual contexto, em razão das contingências impostas pela pandemia. Como resultados preliminares, evidencia-se o crescimento, sem precedentes, do número de cadastros de psicólogos e psicólogas interessados em realizar atendimento online e observam-se ações dos órgãos reguladores da profissão que objetivam fiscalizar tais práticas e impedir o uso indevido da tecnologia. Ressaltam-se, neste cenário, os riscos da "uberização" do trabalho do psicólogo e psicóloga e de uma retração do campo da Psicologia como profissão.

This article discusses, in the context marked by the Covid-19 pandemic, the relationship between the work of psychologists and technology. Based on the analysis of the double role of Psychology as science and profession, historically constructed and reproduced, the text proposes a critical analysis of the intensified use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), especially regarding the activity of individual clinical care as a kind of service in clear expansion in the current context, due to the restrictions imposed because of the pandemic. As a preliminary result, it is observed an unprecedented growth of registration numbers of psychologists interested in providing online care, as much as the actions of the professional councils aiming to inspect such practices and prevent the misuse of technology. In this scenario, we stress the risks of the uberization of the psychologist's work, and a shrinking of the professional field.

Este artículo analiza la relación entre el trabajo de los psicólogos y la tecnología, en el contexto marcado por la pandemia Covid-19. A partir del análisis de la doble condición de la Psicología, como ciencia y profesión, históricamente construida y reproducida, el texto propone un análisis crítico de la intensificación del uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC), con énfasis en la actividad de atención clínica individual, por ser una modalidad de servicio en flagrante expansión en el contexto actual, debido a las contingencias impuestas por la pandemia. Como resultado preliminar es observado un crecimiento sin precedentes del número de registros de psicólogos interesados en realizar la asistencia en línea, al lado de las acciones de los organismos reguladores de la profesión para inspeccionar tales prácticas. En este contexto, al mismo tiempo, se señalan los riesgos de "uberización" del trabajo del psicólogo y de una retracción del campo de la psicología como profesión.

Appropriateness of Radiology Test Requests by an Emergency Department: A Retrospective Study.

INTRODUCTION: Imaging tests are essential for diagnosis in the emergency context and convey clinical information that is essential to assess the appropriateness of the tests and improve their interpretation. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the imaging tests requested by the Emergency Department in a district hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed computed tomography and ultrasound scans requested by the Emergency Department at the Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve and considered the following variables: requested test, clinical information provided (complete/incomplete), appropriateness of the test (appropriate/inappropriate), outcome (presence/absence of relevant findings) and findings related to the clinical information (yes/no). Pearson's chi-squared and odds ratio association tests were used to evaluate the statistical association between the variables. RESULTS: Out of 1427 requests, only 219 (15.3%) were considered to have complete clinical information. Nonetheless, 1075 (75.3%) requests were considered appropriate. Relevant findings were present in about one-third (n = 453; 31.7%) and most of these findings were related to the clinical context (n = 410; 90.5%). There was a significant association between test appropriateness and the presence of relevant findings in the test (p < 0.001). The odds ratio of having a relevant finding was 5.0 times higher in the tests considered appropriate when compared with those classified as inappropriate (CI = 3.4 - 7.3; p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: The fact that appropriate tests potentiate the probability of having a relevant finding emphasizes the importance of defining guidelines so that only the adequate tests are performed. CONCLUSION: Creating guidelines should improve the appropriateness of imaging tests requested in the Emergency Department, yielding their result, with the consequent rationalization of the available resources.

Introdução: Os exames de imagem são essenciais para o diagnóstico em contexto de emergência, sendo a informação clínica determinante para verificar a sua adequação e melhorar a sua interpretação. O nosso objetivo compreendeu a análise dos exames de imagem requisitados pelo Departamento de Emergência num hospital distrital. Material e Métodos: Realizámos uma análise retrospetiva das tomografias computorizadas e ecografias requeridas pelo Departamento de Emergência no Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve considerando as seguintes variáveis: exame requisitado, informação clínica fornecida (completa/incompleta), adequação do exame (adequado/não adequado), resultado (presença/ausência de achados relevantes) e relação dos achados com contexto clínico (relacionados/não relacionados). A associação entre variáveis foi avaliada utilizando as análises qui-quadrado de Pearson e razão de possibilidades. Resultados: Das 1427 requisições, apenas 219 (15,3%) foram consideradas como contendo informação clínica completa. No entanto, 1075 (75,3%) requisições foram consideradas adequadas. Cerca de um terço dos exames continha achados relevantes (n = 453; 31,7%) e a maioria destes achados estavam relacionados com o contexto clínico (n = 410; 90,5%). Encontrámos associações significativas entre a adequação do pedido e presença de achados clínicos relevantes (p < 0,001). A razão de possibilidades de ter um achado relevante é 5,0 vezes maior nos pedidos adequados relativamente aos não adequados (IC = 3,4 - 7,3; p < 0,001). Discussão: O facto de os exames adequados potenciarem a probabilidade de existir um achado relevante enfatiza a importância da definição de diretrizes para que só os exames adequados sejam realizados. Conclusão: A criação destas diretrizes deverá aumentar a adequação dos exames de imagem solicitados no Departamento de Emergência, otimizando o seu resultado, com a consequente racionalização dos recursos disponíveis.

Using a Support Vector Machine Based Decision Stage to Improve the Fault Diagnosis on Gearboxes.

Gearboxes are mechanical devices that play an essential role in several applications, e.g., the transmission of automotive vehicles. Their malfunctioning may result in economic losses and accidents, among others. The rise of powerful graphical processing units spreads the use of deep learning-based solutions to many problems, which includes the fault diagnosis on gearboxes. Those solutions usually require a significant amount of data, high computational power, and a long training process. The training of deep learning-based systems may not be feasible when GPUs are not available. This paper proposes a solution to reduce the training time of deep learning-based fault diagnosis systems without compromising their accuracy. The solution is based on the use of a decision stage to interpret all the probability outputs of a classifier whose output layer has the softmax activation function. Two classification algorithms were applied to perform the decision. We have reduced the training time by almost 80% without compromising the average accuracy of the fault diagnosis system.

Phage Therapy: Going Temperate?

Strictly lytic phages have been consensually preferred for phage therapy purposes. In contrast, temperate phages have been avoided due to an inherent capacity to mediate transfer of genes between bacteria by specialized transduction - an event that may increase bacterial virulence, for example, by promoting antibiotic resistance. Now, advances in sequencing technologies and synthetic biology are providing new opportunities to explore the use of temperate phages for therapy against bacterial infections. By doing so we can considerably expand our armamentarium against the escalating threat of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Você, dona de casa: trabalho, saúde e subjetividade no espaço doméstico / You, housewife: work, health and subjectivity in domestic space / Vós, ama de casa: trabajo, salud y subjetividad en el espacio doméstico

O trabalho doméstico, remunerado ou não, tem sido historicamente atribuído à mulher, surgindo como encargo específico do papel de gênero feminino e assumindo um caráter de invisibilidade e desvalorização social. Neste artigo, sugerimos um viés de análise que considera a atividade além de sua institucionalização econômica, como ação prática e psíquica, sede de investimentos vitais e de transformação de si e do mundo. Por meio da revisão de literatura, mostramos que o trabalho doméstico apresenta contornos de submissão e permanece vinculado à mulher. Discutimos o trabalho como instituição, passível de ser construído e desconstruído, e relacionamos os afazeres domésticos às atividades rejeitadas que permanecem nos bastidores, acarretando também sua perda de sentido, segundo as perspectivas das clínicas do trabalho.

The housework, remunerated or not, has been historically attributed to women, arising as a specific task of the feminine gender role and taking on a character of invisibility and social devaluation. In this article, we suggest an analysis bias that considers the activity beyond it's economic institutionalization, as a practical and psychic action, focus of vital investments and transformation of oneself and the world. Through the literature review, we show that domestic work presents contours of submission and remains linked to women. We discuss work as an institution, which can be constructed and deconstructed, and we relate the housework to the rejected activities that remain behind the scenes, also leading to their loss of meaning according to the perspectives of the work clinics.

El trabajo doméstico, remunerado o no, ha sido históricamente atribuido a la mujer, surgiendo como encargo específico del papel de género femenino y asumiendo un carácter de invisibilidad y devaluación social. En este artículo, sugerimos una línea de análisis que considera la actividad más allá de su institucionalización económica, como acción práctica y psíquica, sede de inversiones vitales y de transformación de sí y del mundo. Por medio de la revisión de literatura, mostramos que el trabajo doméstico presenta contornos de sumisión y permanece vinculado a la mujer. Discutimos el trabajo como institución, pasible de ser construido y deconstruido, y relacionamos los quehaceres domésticos a las actividades rechazadas que permanecen entre bastidores, acarreando también su pérdida de sentido, según las perspectivas de las clínicas del trabajo.

Manicômio Judiciário e Agentes Penitenciários: entre Reprimir e Cuidar / Judicial Asylums and Prison Guards: Between Repressing and Caring / Manicomio Judicial y Agentes Penitenciarios: entre Reprimir y Cuidar

Os manicômios judiciários são instituições destinadas a acolher pessoas que cometem crimes e que, por motivo de doença ou deficiência mental, são consideradas inimputáveis, também tratadas como "louco infrator" ou "paciente judiciário". O presente artigo, baseado em pressupostos críticos da Psicologia do Trabalho, discute resultados obtidos a partir de uma pesquisa de mestrado em um manicômio judiciário de Minas Gerais. O estudo buscou compreender a atividade dos agentes penitenciários, responsáveis por garantir a ordem e a segurança do estabelecimento e de todos os indivíduos ali presentes. Constatou-se que sua atividade não se restringe à segurança, mas que abrange o cuidado, o envolvimento afetivo e a preocupação com os indivíduos custodiados naquela instituição. Se o trabalho de agente penitenciário é socialmente marginalizado, verificou-se que ele é valorizado pelos sujeitos que o executam, mesmo que estes se deparem com a ambivalência inerente à natureza do manicômio judiciário. Entre a prescrição de reprimir e o apelo a cuidar, os agentes enfrentam uma realidade marcada pelo duplo sofrimento do paciente judiciário: o rótulo da loucura e a privação da liberdade....(AU)

The judicial asylums are institutions designed to accommodate individuals who commit crimes and who, because of illness or mental disability, are considered not imputable, also treated as "judicial patient" or "crazy offender". This article, based on critical assumptions of work psychology, discusses results obtained from a master's research carried out in a judicial asylum of Minas Gerais. The study searched to understand the activity of the prison guards, responsible for ensuring the order and safety of the establishment and of all individuals present there. It was found that their activity is not restricted to security, but that it includes care, affective involvement and concern with the individuals guarded in that institution. If the work of penitentiary agent is socially marginalized, we could verify that it is valued by the subjects who execute it, even if they are faced with the ambivalence inherent in the nature of the judiciary asylum. Between the prescription of repression and the call to care, the agents face a reality marked by the double suffering of the "judicial patient": the label of madness and the deprivation of freedom...(AU)

Los manicomios judiciales son instituciones destinadas a acoger a personas que cometen crímenes y que, por motivo de enfermedad o discapacidad mental, son consideradas inimputables, también tratadas como "loco infractor" o "paciente judicial". El presente artículo, basado en supuestos críticos de la psicología del trabajo, discute resultados obtenidos a partir de una investigación de maestría en un manicomio judicial de Minas Gerais. El estudio buscó comprender la actividad de los agentes penitenciarios, responsables de garantizar el orden y la seguridad del establecimiento y de todos los individuos allí presentes. Se constató que su actividad no se restringe a la seguridad, sino que abarca el cuidado, la implicación afectiva y la preocupación con los individuos custodiados en aquella institución. Si el trabajo de agente penitenciario es socialmente marginado, se ha comprobado que es valorado por los sujetos que lo ejecutan, aunque éstos se enfrenten a la ambivalencia inherente a la naturaleza del manicomio judicial. Entre la prescripción de reprimir y el llamamiento a cuidar, los agentes enfrentan una realidad marcada por el doble sufrimiento del "paciente judicial": el rótulo de la locura y la privación de la libertad....(AU)

The production of victims as entrepreneurs of their social redemption: young people, control and involvement. / A produção da vítima empreendedora de seu resgate social: juventudes, controles e envolvimentos.

Drawing on the results of an ethnographic study and group interviews with young people and social project coordinators from favelasin Rio de Janeiro, this article discusses the association between youth and vulnerabilities and its possible consequences for the reinforcement of negative stereotypes of poor young people through discourses that emphasize self-management. It explores the notion of production of victims as entrepreneurs of their social redemption by promoting reflection on the use of the category involved in crime, disseminated in the common sense as a new form of criminal labeling. The article addresses material and symbolic investments in poor young people, beneficiaries of so-called social projects, reflecting on the maneuvers of meanings that veil the temporality of these initiatives, characterized by moralistic overtones of merit and salvation. The fear of dying or "remaining", of not finding a job, and a series of other fears are the focus of this reflection, which seeks to broaden the debate over institutional initiatives directed at young people.

Partindo de trabalho de campo etnográfico e entrevistas grupais com jovens e gestores de projetos sociais de localidades pobres do Rio de Janeiro, o artigo problematiza a associação entre juventude e vulnerabilidades e as suas possíveis implicações no reforço de estereótipos negativos sobre os jovens pobres, por meio de discursos que privilegiam a autogestão. Explora a ideia de produção da vítima empreendora do seu regaste social tendo como pano de fundo uma reflexão sobre os usos da categoria envolvido-com-o-crime, disseminada no senso comum como uma nova forma de rotulação criminal. A análise recobre os investimentos materiais e simbólicos feitos em torno da juventude pobre, destinatários dos chamados projetos sociais, refletindo sobre as manobras de sentidos que encobrem a provisoriedade dessas iniciativas, marcadas por uma lógica do mérito e salvacionista. O medo de morrer, o medo de sobrar, de não encontrar emprego e uma série de outros medos constituem o foco da reflexão com o intuito de ampliar o debate sobre as iniciativas institucionais dirigidas aos segmentos juvenis.

Genomic analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii prophages reveals remarkable diversity and suggests profound impact on bacterial virulence and fitness.

The recent nomination by the World Health Organization of Acinetobacter baumannii as the number one priority pathogen for the development of new antibiotics is a direct consequence of its fast evolution of pathogenicity, and in particular of multidrug resistance. While the development of new antibiotics is critical, understanding the mechanisms behind the crescent bacterial antibiotic resistance is equally relevant. Often, resistance and other bacterial virulence elements are contained on highly mobile pieces of DNA that can easily spread to other bacteria. Prophages are one of the mediators of this form of gene transfer, and have been frequently found in bacterial genomes, often offering advantageous features to the host. Here we assess the contribution of prophages for the evolution of A. baumannii pathogenicity. We found prophages to be notably diverse and widely disseminated in A. baumannii genomes. Also remarkably, A. baumannii prophages encode for multiple putative virulence factors that may be implicated in the bacterium's capacity to colonize host niches, evade the host immune system, subsist in unfavorable environments, and tolerate antibiotics. Overall our results point towards a significant contribution of prophages for the dissemination and evolution of pathogenicity in A. baumannii, and highlight their clinical relevance.

A produção da vítima empreendedora de seu resgate social: juventudes, controles e envolvimentos / The production of victims as entrepreneurs of their social redemption: young people, control and involvement

Resumo Partindo de trabalho de campo etnográfico e entrevistas grupais com jovens e gestores de projetos sociais de localidades pobres do Rio de Janeiro, o artigo problematiza a associação entre juventude e vulnerabilidades e as suas possíveis implicações no reforço de estereótipos negativos sobre os jovens pobres, por meio de discursos que privilegiam a autogestão. Explora a ideia de produção da vítima empreendora do seu regaste social tendo como pano de fundo uma reflexão sobre os usos da categoria envolvido-com-o-crime, disseminada no senso comum como uma nova forma de rotulação criminal. A análise recobre os investimentos materiais e simbólicos feitos em torno da juventude pobre, destinatários dos chamados projetos sociais, refletindo sobre as manobras de sentidos que encobrem a provisoriedade dessas iniciativas, marcadas por uma lógica do mérito e salvacionista. O medo de morrer, o medo de sobrar, de não encontrar emprego e uma série de outros medos constituem o foco da reflexão com o intuito de ampliar o debate sobre as iniciativas institucionais dirigidas aos segmentos juvenis.

Abstract Drawing on the results of an ethnographic study and group interviews with young people and social project coordinators from favelasin Rio de Janeiro, this article discusses the association between youth and vulnerabilities and its possible consequences for the reinforcement of negative stereotypes of poor young people through discourses that emphasize self-management. It explores the notion of production of victims as entrepreneurs of their social redemption by promoting reflection on the use of the category involved in crime, disseminated in the common sense as a new form of criminal labeling. The article addresses material and symbolic investments in poor young people, beneficiaries of so-called social projects, reflecting on the maneuvers of meanings that veil the temporality of these initiatives, characterized by moralistic overtones of merit and salvation. The fear of dying or "remaining", of not finding a job, and a series of other fears are the focus of this reflection, which seeks to broaden the debate over institutional initiatives directed at young people.

The pubovesical complex-sparing technique on laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

INTRODUCTION: Preservation of urinary continence is a great challenge in Radical Prostatectomy. In order to improve functional results, Asimakopoulos et al. (2010) described a robot-assisted surgical technique with preservation of the pubovesical complex (PVC). We present a pure laparoscopic execution. PRESENTATION: A 61-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of prostate cancer, with PSA 6.54ng/ml, DRE: T1C and Gleason 6 (3+3) 1/12 fragments. All therapeutic possibilities were discussed, including active surveillance. The patient opted for surgical treatment. A transperitoneal technique was used. We started the dissection on the left side, in the limit between the detrusor and the base of the prostate. The left seminal vesicle was dissected and left neurovascular bundle released by a high anterior dissection. We repeated the same procedure on the right side. The urethra was then divided, prostatic apex was laterally drawn and PVC was released. The bladder neck was divided and an urethrovesical anastomosis was achieved. A pelvic drain was placed. RESULTS: The total operative time was 150 minutes. The estimated blood loss was 300mL. The drain was removed on the 1st postoperative day and the patient was discharged. The Foley catheter was removed after 7 days and the patient remained completely dry. Hystopathology revealed adenocarcinoma Gleason 6, negative margins. PSA after 30 days was <0.04ng/mL, and the patient reported partial penile erection. CONCLUSION: The Pubovesical Complex-Sparing Technique on Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy was feasible and safe. Further adequately designed studies are needed to confirm whether this technique enhances early functional outcomes.