RESUMO
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the radiopacity of 6 modern resin cements with that of human enamel and dentine using the Digora digital radiography system, to verify whether they meet the requirements of ANSI/ADA specification no. 27/1993 and the ISO 4049/2000 standard and assess whether their radiopacity is influenced by the thickness of the cement employed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three 3-thickness samples (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mm) were fabricated for each material. The individual cement samples were radiographed on the CCD sensor next to the aluminium wedge and the tooth samples. Five radiographs were made of each sample and therefore five readings of radiographic density were taken for each thickness of the materials. The radiopacity was measured in pixels using Digora 2.6 software. The calibration curve obtained from the mean values of each step of the wedge made it possible to obtain the equivalent in mm of aluminium for each mm of the luting material. RESULTS: With the exception of Variolink Veneer Medium Value 0, all the cements studied were more radiopaque than enamel and dentin (P<.05) and complied with the ISO and ANSI/ADA requirements (P<.001). The radiopacity of all the cements examined depended on their thickness: the thicker the material, the greater its radiopacity. CONCLUSION: All materials except Variolink Veneer Medium Value 0 yielded radiopacity values that complied with the recommendations of the ISO and ANSI/ADA. Variolink Veneer Medium Value 0 showed less radiopacity than enamel and dentin.
RESUMO
Objetivo: Evaluar la morfología de las raíces y sistema de conductos de los segundos molares mandibulares permanentes en un grupo de pacientes a los que se les ha realizado una CBCT. Material y métodos: Se analizaron 169 segundos molares mandibulares mediante el aparato CBCT Galileos Sirona. Los criterios de exclusión son: molar endodonciado, diente joven con ápice abierto, imagen borrosa y gran calcificación de conductos. Los aspectos evaluados son: edad, sexo, morfología y número de raíces; morfología y número de conductos; presencia y clasificación de conductos tipo C. Se han utilizado medidas estadísticas test de Kappa, test chi-cuadrado, test t de Student, prueba de tendencia lineal y coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: La anatomía más frecuente es de dos raíces paralelas o convergentes con tres conductos: dos en mesial redondos , y uno en distal redondo. El conducto en C aparece en un 8,8%, de los cuales los más frecuentes son los tipos I y III y con la convexidad hacia lingual en un 71,4%. La variabilidad anatómica es del 23,7%, mayor en mujeres, y existe un alto grado de concordancia entre ambos molares contralaterales. La prevalencia del conducto de forma redondeada aumenta con la edad. Conclusiones: La morfología más común de segundos molares mandibulares es de dos raíces con tres conductos, pero existe una gran variabilidad Anatómica
Objective: Evaluate the root and canal morphology of the mandibular second molars in a group of patients who have been subjected to a CBCT. Material and methods: In this study,169 samples were examined by Sirona Galileos CBCT. Exclusion criteria were: molar endodontic, young tooth with open apex, blur and large calcification root canals. The details evaluated are: age, sex, morphology and number of roots; morphology and number of root canals; presence and classification of C-shaped canal Statistical analysis: Kappa test, chi-square test, Students t test, linear trend test and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: The most common anatomy is two parallel or converging roots with three canals: two rounds in mesial and one round in distal. The C-shaped canal was observed in 8.8%.The most common are Type I and III and the grooves were directed lingual in 71.4%. The anatomical variability is 23.7% higher in women, and appears in both contralateral molars in 85.9%. The prevalence of rounded root canal increases with age. Conclusions: The most common morphology of mandibular second
