Idealistic, realistic, and unrealistic expectations of pharmacological treatment in persons with type 2 diabetes in primary care.

Introduction: Information on treatment expectations in diabetes is scarce for Mexican and Latino populations. We determined idealistic, realistic, and unrealistic expectations for metformin, insulin, and glyburide in primary care. We also explored the association between sociodemographic attributes, time since diagnosis, and expectations. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted during 2020-2022 in governmental primary care centers. We consecutively included persons with type 2 diabetes aged 30-70 years under pharmacological medication (n = 907). Questions were developed using information relevant to expectation constructs. Data were collected by interview. We used descriptive statistics, a test of the difference between two proportions, and multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Results: A high percentage of participants would like to have fewer daily pills/injections or the option of temporarily stopping their medication. Realistic expectations ranged from 47% to 70%, and unrealistic expectations from 31 to 65%. More insulin users wished they could take a temporary break (p < 0.05) or would like to be able to change the route of administration (p < 0.001) than metformin users. More persons with diabetes on insulin expected realistic expectations compared to those on metformin or glyburide (p ≤ 0.01). Being able to interrupt medication upon reaching the glucose goal was higher in combined therapy users (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Time since diagnosis, place of residence, sex, and diabetes education were factors associated to expectations. Management of expectations must be reinforced in primary care persons with type 2 diabetes undergoing pharmacological medication.

Reliability and minimal detectable change in foot pressure measurements in typically developing children.

BACKGROUND: In pedobarography, clinically meaningful comparison of measurements within or between subjects is limited by data variability and measurement error. This study aims to determine the components of the minimal detectable change (MDC) in impulse across all foot regions and the reliability of these measures. METHODS: A convenience sample of foot pressures from 108 visits by normal, healthy subjects aged 2-17 years was studied. Each subject had three pedobarograph measurements taken per foot, with six subjects returning for a second visit for assessment of day-to-day variability. Using a five-region mask, segmental impulses were determined, and from these we obtained the coronal plane pressure index (CPPI). Inter-rater, intra-rater, and day-to-day data were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) to quantify reliability. Variability of the data was analyzed to quantify the MDC. RESULTS: Inter- and intra-rater reliability was high for all measurements while variability was low, indicating small direct measurement error. Generally, the largest contributing factor to the MDC was day-to-day variability. Step-to-step variability was more dependent on foot segment than age although minor age-related changes were noted. Finally, the high relative variability in the CPPI and the medial mid foot impulse resulted in very high MDCs for these measures.

Assessing the delivery of patient critical laboratory results to primary care providers.

Approximately 60% to 70% of all health care decisions are based on laboratory test results; therefore, it is important to ensure that patient laboratory results are communicated to the physician in a timely fashion. The objective of this study was to assess the delivery of critical laboratory results in outpatient physician offices in Delaware. Contact information for physician offices was obtained using the Highmark. Blue Cross Blue Shield. physician provider directory. A survey was created using a series of questions regarding the procurement and timely communication of critical laboratory results. Of the offices surveyed, 61.4% indicated that they did not utilize a standard operating procedure specifying who is able to receive the critical laboratory test results and how they should be delivered to the physician. These findings indicate that a change may be necessary to improve the way that critical test results are managed by physician offices.

La consulta de enfermería, propuesta de mejora en los programas de diálisis peritoneal / The nursing interview, apropossal for improving the peritoneal dialisis program

Resumen

La consultoría de enfermería (CE) en los programas de diálisis peritoneal (DP) es una herramienta indispensable en la práctica diaria, el papel de la enfermera en diálisis juega un papel determinante en el éxito de los programas y en la permanencia de los pacientes que requieren de estas terapias. La actuación del profesional de enfermería con un enfoque holístico es fundamental en coordinación y coparticipación con el equipo multidisciplinario. La CE basa sus acciones en procesos sistematizados y planificados, sustentados en el conocimiento científico y legal en donde el objetivo principal es promover la cultura del autocuidado con la participación del paciente de manera efectiva, segura y eficaz. Los procedimientos específicos se auxilian de estrategias de docencia, educación en salud, investigación comunitaria y pública, servicio asistencial y administrativo, simultáneamente establece vínculos de apoyo y confianza del binomio enfermera-paciente; todas ellas reflejan su eficacia en la mejora de los indicadores de satisfacción del usuario, en la disminución de frecuencia de infecciones, mejora de la calidad de vida de los pacientes y probablemente repercutan en una mejora de la supervivencia. La propuesta de la implementación de la CE eficienta el proceso enfermero dirigido al paciente en terapia sustitutiva, fortaleciendo objetivos y metas de los programas.

Summary

The participation of nursing in the programs of peritoneal dialysis is actually daily an indispensable tool, the paper of the nurse in dialysis plays a determining role in the success of the programs and the permanence of the patients who require of these therapies. The action of the professional on nursing with a holistic approach is fundamental in coordination and co-participation with the multidisciplinary equipment. The participation nursing bases its actions on systematized and planned processes, sustained in the scientific and legal knowledge where the primary target is to the culture of the self care with the participation of the patient of effective, safe and effective way. The specific procedures are helped strategies for health, education, communitarian investigation and public, welfare and administrative service, simultaneously establishes bonds of support and confidence of the binomial nursepatient; all of them reflect their effectiveness in the improvement of the indicators of satisfaction of the patient, in the diminution of frequency of infections, improve of the quality of life and probably in an improvement of the survival. The propose of the implementation of the consulting nursing unit improves the nurse process directed to the patient in substitute therapy, fortifying objectives and goals of the programs.