[Topical treatment with eberconazole of the experimental guinea pig cutaneous candidosis.]. / Tratamiento tópico de la candidosis cutánea experimental del cobayo con eberconazol.

Eberconazole is a new azole antifungal drug for topical treatment of superficial mycoses. The usefulness of this drug was evaluated in an experimental model of cutaneous candidosis in guinea pigs comparing with the classical clotrimazole in a single blind trial. Twenty-five animals were inoculated in two symmetrical areas of the back with Candida albicans developing skin infection. One group of 10 animals were treated once per day with clotrimazole 1% cream in one side and with excipient in the other. Other group of 10 guinea pigs received eberconazole 1% cream and excipient. Five animals did not receive any treatment and were used as controls. After five days of treatment most lesions cured or improved and cultures were negative when clotrimazole or eberconazole were applied. Seventy per cent of lesions treated with excipient were clinically improved and 10% cured, but 85% of cultures remained positive for C. albicans. The therapeutic efficacy of eberconazole 1% cream was similar to clotrimazole 1% cream in the guinea ping model of cutaneous candidosis. Tolerance of both drugs was excellent. These results suggest the usefulness of eberconazole in human cutaneous infections due to C. albicans.

[In vitro resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole in clinical isolates of Candida spp and Cryptococcus neoformans]. / Resistencia in vitro al fluconazol e itraconazol en aislamientos clínicos de Candida spp y Cryptococcus neoformans.

An in vitro susceptibility testing of 181 strains of six species of Candida and 21 strains of Cryptococcus neoformans was carried out in order to investigate the resistance to new antifungal drugs. We have studied clinical isolates from 200 different patients of Hospital del Mar (Barcelona) and Hospital La Inmaculada (Almería). An agar diffusion method (NeoSensitabs, Rosco, Taastrup, Denmark), was employed with fluconazole, itraconazole, and reference drugs amphotericin B, flucytosine, tioconazole and ketoconazole. A high level of susceptibility was found for amphotericin B in C. neoformans strains while 19% of them were resistant to flucytosine. All the strains of C. neoformans and Candida guilliermondii were susceptible to the new azoles derivatives and also Candida parapsilosis and Candida albicans had a great susceptibility to this antifungals. A greater level of resistance was found for Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata to fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole, but resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole is not always linked because ten resistant strains for fluconazole were susceptible to itraconazole, and two other resistant to itraconazole were susceptible to fluconazole.