Effect of at-home and in-office bleaching on microleakage of class V composite resin restorations using different types of universal adhesives: An in vitro study.

Background: When bleaching agents contact dental structures, they act on restorative materials and adhesive interfaces. This study investigated the effect of "at-home" and "in-office" bleaching on the microleakage of composite resin restorations performed with different universal adhesives in self-etch and etch-and-rinse modes. Methods: Class V cavities were prepared in 132 premolars. The samples were divided into four groups (n=33). All Bond Universal adhesive was used in the first and second groups, and G-Premio Bond adhesive was used in the third and fourth groups. The total-etch mode was used in the first and third groups, and the self-etch mode was used in the second and fourth groups. The samples were divided into three subgroups (n=11). In the first subgroup, home bleaching was used, and in the second subgroup, office bleaching was used. In the third subgroup, bleaching was not performed. The specimens were examined under a stereomicroscope for microleakage. Ordinal regression analysis was applied (P<0.05). Results: The adhesive type, application method, and margin type significantly affected microleakage (P<0.05). The amount of microleakage in All Bond Universal adhesive was significantly higher than in G-Premio Bond adhesive. The chance of microleakage in the self-etch mode was almost twice as high as in the etch-and-rinse mode. The bleaching method did not significantly affect microleakage (P>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the microleakage test, bleaching after composite resin restorations did not significantly affect the microleakage of Class V restorations.

Health status and quality of life in patients with psoriasis: an Iranian cross-sectional survey.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis has a significant negative impact on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aims to evaluate HRQOL of adult patients with psoriasis in Iran, and explore the relationship between general and disease-specific outcome measures in psoriasis. METHODS: Between May and August 2013, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of consecutive outpatients was conducted at a single clinic in Shiraz, Iran. HRQOL was assessed by the general measure EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D), visual analogue scale (EQ VAS), and the disease-specific Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Disease severity was measured by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). RESULTS: Sixty-two patients (76% males) completed the questionnaire with a mean age (SD) of 40.4 (17.5) years. Overall, 39% of the patients used only topical and 48% received systemic non-biological therapy in the past 12 months. Median EQ-5D, EQ VAS, DLQI and PASI scores were 0.73, 60, 8 and 11.75, respectively. Out of the 62 patients, 18%, 26%, 28%, 63%, and 63% reported some or severe problem in mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression, respectively. EQ-5D and EQ VAS correlated moderately with DLQI (rs = -0.44 for both, p < 0.001), but only EQ VAS correlated significantly with PASI (rs = -0.31, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This is the first study from Iran that assesses HRQOL in adult patients with psoriasis by EQ-5D and EQ VAS. Reduction in general HRQOL measured with EQ-5D and EQ-VAS is considerable, mostly in anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort dimensions. EQ-5D scores evaluated in this study provide country-specific data for economic evaluations.