Prevalencia del consumo de sustancias en progenitores y su relación con el consumo actual de sustancias legales e ilegales en adolescentes. Un estudio exploratorio con jóvenes escolarizados en la Comunidad Valenciana, España / Prevalence of substance use in parents and their relationship with the current consumption of legal and illegal substances in adolescents. An exploratory study with young people in schools of the region of Valencia, in Spain

Objetivos. Explorar la prevalencia del consumo de sustancias legales e ilegales en los progenitores reportados por una muestra representativa de jóvenes de 14 a 18 años escolarizados en la Comunidad Valenciana; y analizar su relación con el consumo de sustancias legales e ilegales en los jóvenes, considerando si el consumo es realizado por el padre o la madre. Método. Estudio de diseño transversal. Participa una muestra representativa de 10.520 jóvenes, entre 14 y 18 años: 46,5 % hombres. Se administró una encuesta escolar durante marzo y junio de 2006. Se aplica la regresión logística y se utiliza el programa estadístico SPSS 15.0. Resultados. El 43,7 % de los jóvenes respondieron que su madre consume en la actualidad alguna sustancia y 51,4 % respondieron que consume su padre. Las sustancias más consumidas por las progenitoras son el tabaco (30,9 %) y el alcohol (25 %); y por parte de los progenitores el alcohol (35,5 %), y el tabaco (33,9 %). Los jóvenes que reportan que su madre consume tabaco tienen más probabilidad de fumar (odds ratio [OR] = 1,32; p < 0,005), y si la madre consume alguna sustancia tienen más probabilidad de consumir éxtasis o pastillas (OR = 2,44; p < 0,05). Asimismo, tienen más probabilidad de consumir tabaco si el padre fuma (OR = 1,34; p < 0,005), y de tomar alcohol si el padre consume alcohol (OR = 1,53; p < 0,05). Conclusiones. El sexo del progenitor es mediador en la asociación entre el consumo actual de sustancias por parte del progenitor y el consumo actual del joven. El estudio aporta evidencia empírica sobre la etiología del consumo de sustancias legales e ilegales en jóvenes españoles (AU)

Aims. To explore the prevalence of the consumption of legal and illegal drugs in the parents reported by a representative sample of youth from 14 to 18 years enrolled in schools in the region of Valencia; and to analyze its relationship with the consumption of licit and illicit substances among youth, considering if the consumption is done by the father or the mother. Methods. A cross-sectional design. Participants are a representative sample of 10,520 young people between 14 and 18 years: 46.5% male. Was given a school survey in March and June 2006. The logistic regression is applied and the statistical program SPSS 15.0 is used. Results. A total of 43.7% of youth responded that their mother consumes at present some substance, and 51.4% answer that the father consumes. The substances most consumed by the mother are tobacco (30.9%) and alcohol (25%) and by the fathers alcohol (35.5%), and tobacco (33.9%). Youth who reported that his mother uses tobacco are more likely to smoke (OR =1.32; p < .005), and if the mother uses a substance are more likely to use designer drugs (OR =2.44; p < .05). Also, are more likely of consuming tobacco if the father smokes (OR =1.34; p < .005), and to drink alcohol if the father drinks (OR =1.53; p < .05). Conclusions. Gender of the parent is a mediator variable in the association between current use of substances by the parent and current consumption of the young. The study provides empirical evidence on the etiology of the consumption of licit and illicit substances in young population from Spain (AU)

Quality of life, needs, and interest among cocaine users: differences by cocaine use intensity and lifetime severity of addiction to cocaine.

We examined the quality of life (QoL) of 149 patients who were recruited in 2005 at outpatient treatment centers for cocaine dependence in Spain. Important life areas and life areas with potential need and interest to change in order to improve the QoL were analyzed in terms of patients? cocaine use intensity within the previous six months and lifetime severity addiction to cocaine. The Spanish versions of the Drug User Quality of Life Scale and the Lifetime Severity Index for Cocaine were used to measure QoL, needs and interest, and severity addiction to cocaine. The data analysis employed t-tests, linear regression, Mann?Whitney U tests, multivariate regression, and chi-square tests. Tailoring treatment programs to address the life areas that are considered relevant to cocaine users considering their intensity of consumption and lifetime severity addiction to cocaine may improve retention and treatment outcomes. Further research needs to consider patients of different ethnic backgrounds and cultural contexts. The study's limitations are noted.

Cross cultural adaptation of the Injection Drug User Quality Of Life Scale (IDUQOL) in Spanish drug dependent population, with or without injectable consumption: Drug User Quality of Life Scale-Spanish (DUQOL-Spanish).

The Injection Drug User Quality of life Scale (IDUQOL) measures the unique and individual circumstances that determine the quality of life of injection drug users. This paper reports the psychometric properties of the Spanish version, for drug dependent persons with or without injectable consumption using a revised instrument: Drug user Quality of Life Scale-Spanish (DUQOL-Spanish). We studied 169 outpatients in 9 Spanish drug treatment centers. Factor analysis, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and criterion-related validity were assessed. The results show the essential unidimensionality of the scale, which supports the use of a total score. Both internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.86), and test-retest reliability (r=0.79) of the total score were high. Criterion-related validity supports the interpretation of the DUQOL-Spanish total score as measuring a construct consistent with quality of life. This study suggests that the DUQOL-Spanish is a valid instrument to measure subjective quality of life in Spanish drug users, and allows the identification of life areas that are considered by the patient important to change in order to improve their quality of life.