Potential of the Compounds from Bixa orellana Purified Annatto Oil and Its Granules (Chronic®) against Dyslipidemia and Inflammatory Diseases: In Silico Studies with Geranylgeraniol and Tocotrienols.

Some significant compounds present in annatto are geranylgeraniol and tocotrienols. These compounds have beneficial effects against hyperlipidemia and chronic diseases, where oxidative stress and inflammation are present, but the exact mechanism of action of such activities is still a subject of research. This study aimed to evaluate possible mechanisms of action that could be underlying the activities of these molecules. For this, in silico approaches such as ligand topology (PASS and SEA servers) and molecular docking with the software GOLD were used. Additionally, we screened some pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters using the servers PreADMET, SwissADME, and ProTox-II. The results corroborate the antidyslipidemia and anti-inflammatory activities of geranylgeraniol and tocotrienols. Notably, some new mechanisms of action were predicted to be potentially underlying the activities of these compounds, including inhibition of squalene monooxygenase, lanosterol synthase, and phospholipase A2. These results give new insight into new mechanisms of action involved in these molecules from annatto and Chronic®.

Brazilian consensus in gastric cancer: guidelines for gastric cancer in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: In Brazil, gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy among men and sixth among women. The cause is multivariate and the risks are well known. It has prognosis and treatment defined by the location and staging of the tumor and number of lymph nodes resected and involved. AIM: The Brazilian Consensus on Gastric Cancer promoted by ABCG was designed with the intention to issue guidelines that can guide medical professionals to care for patients with this disease. METHODS: Were summarized and answered 43 questions reflecting consensus or not on diagnosis and treatment that may be used as guidance for its multidisciplinary approach. The method involved three steps. Initially, 56 digestive surgeons and related medical specialties met to formulate the questions that were sent to participants for answers on scientific evidence and personal experience. Summaries were presented, discussed and voted in plenary in two other meetings. They covered 53 questions involving: diagnosis and staging (six questions); surgical treatment (35 questions); chemotherapy and radiotherapy (seven questions) and anatomopathology, immunohistochemistry and perspective (five questions). It was considered consensus agreement on more than 70% of the votes in each item. RESULTS: All the answers were presented and voted upon, and in 42 there was consensus. CONCLUSION: It could be developed consensus on most issues that come with the care of patients with gastric cancer and they can be transformed in guidelines.

Selective UV-filter detection with sensors based on stainless steel electrodes modified with polyaniline doped with metal tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine films.

This work describes the construction and application of two amperometric sensors for sensitive UV-filter determination. The sensors were prepared using stainless steel electrodes in which polyaniline (PANI) was electrochemically polymerized in the presence of nickel (NiPcTS) or iron (FePcTS) tetrasulfonated phthalocyanines. The sensor surface characterizations were carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The PANI/NiPcTS sensor was selective for the chemical UV-filter p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and the PANI/FePcTS sensor was selective for octyldimethyl-PABA (ODP), both in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 0.1 mol L(-1) H2SO4 at a volume ratio of 30 : 70, and with an applied potential of 0.0 mV vs. Ag|AgCl. A detailed investigation of the selectivity was carried out for both sensors, in order to determine their responses for ten different UV filters. Finally, each sensor was successfully applied to PABA or ODP quantification in sunscreen formulations and water from swimming pools.

Tumores sincrônicos e metacrônicos de cólon e reto / Synchronous and metachronous tumors of the colon and rectum

Trezentos e setenta e dois pacientes com tumores colo-retais tratados com intençäo curativa, entre janeiro de 1982 e janeiro de 1992, foram revistos para determinar-se o papel da colonoscopia e os resultados cirúrgicos em 30(8,1 por cento) pacientes com tumores múltiplos, comparando estes resultados com o grupo de lesöes únicas. A idade média dos pacientes era de 57(35-79) anos, sendo 20 homens e 10 mulheres. Dezenove pacientes tinham lesöes sincrônicas e os 11 restantes metacrônicas, sendo o reto e o cólon signóide os locais de apresentaçäo mais freqüentes (73 por cento). O diagnóstico pré-operatório correto foi realizado em 14 dos 19 pacientes com lesöes sincrönicas, e nos cinco pacientes restantes a näo realizaçäo de colonoscopia intra-operatória foi a causa de falha diagnóstica; três deles tinham lesöes previamente despercebidas ao enema baritado. Lesöes sincrônicas tendem a ser menos invasivas que as metacrônicas e a sobrevida de 5 anos (Kaplan-Meier) acha-se reduzida em pacientes com tumores múltiplos, 45 por cento versus 58 por cento, respectivamente (näo significante). Em pacientes com tumores colo-retais o exame do cólon deve ser completado através de colonoscopia intra-operatória, com o objetivo de excluir lesöes colônicas associadas e diminuir a incidência de lesöes metacrônicas "precoces"

Hemorragia digestiva na gravidez / Digestive hemorrhage in pregnancy

The authors refer to a rare case of digestive hemorrhage in pregnancy which was later diagnosticated as having been caused by a duodenal peptic ulcer. After this fact, a series of complications arose. Therefore, the doctors have opted for the interruption of pregnancy through a cesarean

Câncer facial: tratamento radioterápico / Facial cancer: radiation therapy

Cento e seis cânceres de pele da face tratados por radioterapia em 97 pacientes foram revistos. A recorrência foi de 9,4% para todos os tumores; 1,2% para aos basocelulares e 30% para os epidermóides. Excluindo-se quatro casos graves de tumores epidermóides, os resultados cosméticos e de cura foram muito bons. Doses diárias baixas e maior número de aplicaçöes permitem resultados cosméticos melhores. Complicaçöes do tratamento em cinco casos (4,7%) näo foram significantes. A radioterapia deve ser considerada para o tratamento de locais especiais da face, como pálpebras, nariz e orelha (pelos melhores resultados apresentados)