Lipid peroxidation in diamond supported bilayers.

Lipid peroxidation is a process that occurs in cells when they are exposed to oxidative stress. During the process reactive oxygen species attack lipids within the lipid bilayers of cells. Since the products of lipid peroxidation are toxic and carcinogenic, it is important to understand where and how it occurs with nanoscale resolution. The radical intermediates of this process are particularly interesting since they are causing chain reactions damaging large parts of the lipid membranes in cells. However, they are also difficult to measure for the state of the art because they are short lived and reactive. Here, we study the lipid peroxidation of three artificial lipid bilayers on a diamonds substrate that can be used to study lipid peroxidation. In particular, we present a diamond quantum sensing method called T1-relaxometry that allows for in situ measurements and imaging of radical intermediates of lipid peroxidation in these membranes.

Anemia de células falciforme con imágenes gammagráficas de fenómenos vasooclusivos pulmonares. A propósito de un caso / Sickle cell anemia with scintigraphic images of pulmonary vasoclussive phenomena. Based on one case

La definición de síndrome torácico agudo (STA) incluye actualmente la existencia de infiltrados pulmonares nuevos en la radiografía (Rx) de tórax. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 9 años con anemia de células falciformes (ACF) y clínica compatible con STA en el que no se observan alteraciones radiologías pulmonares. La gammagrafía pulmonar (GP) reveló múltiples defectos de perfusión con ventilación normal que se resolvieron en pocos días. Los estudios isotópicos pulmonares pueden ser útiles para confirmar la sospecha clínica de fenómenos vasooclusivos pulmonares en el origen del STA en pacientes con radiografía de tórax normal (AU)

Fungal infection in Latin American countries.

Fungal infections remain a frequent health problem in Latin American countries. Although these diseases exhibit an extraordinary heterogeneity, they have certain features in common. Most patients belong to low socioeconomic groups and live in rural areas. This article presents a general view of the most prevalent subcutaneous mycoses, with emphasis on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment options in the developing countries of Latin America.

[Immunological aspects of Marek's disease in chickens with maternal antibodies]. / Immunologické aspekty Markovej choroby u kurciat s materskými protilátkami.

The dynamics of the production of immunoprecipitation antibodies to Marek's disease virus was studied in the serum of chickens with maternal antibodies in relation to the occurrence of the immunoprecipitation antigens of Marek's disease virus in feather follicles. One-day-old chickens were infected by the contact method with Marek's disease virus. The first occurrence of immunoprecipitation antigen was detected on the 14th day after infection and this occurrence persisted throughout the experiment, i. e. until the 112th day after infection. The antibodies were first detected the 28th day after infection and their titre kept rising until the 98th day after infection. Immunoprecipitation antibodies and antigens of Marek's disease virus were detected in some tumorously changed kidneys. Immunoelectrophoretic examination revealed in the same kidneys immunoglobulins of the class IgY, IgA and beta-globulin. The slowest-migrating fraction of IgY, together with IgA, beta-globulin and C-reactive protein were detected in the skin extracts from infected poultry. Indirect haemagglutination enabled the detection of the presence of haemagglutination antibodies in rabbit immunoglobulin to the skin antigen of Marek's disease virus, and in avian immunoglobulin to the same virus. Haemagglutination antigen was revealed in the extract from tumorously changed kidneys.

Pathogenesis of Marek's disease in chickens with maternal antibody.

Histopathological lesions were studied in chickens with maternal antibody against MD virus at 14-day intervals after their exposure by contact to HPRS-16 of MD virus in the first-day of life. The first lesions occured 14 days after infection in the liver, kidney, heart, brain and the sciatic nerves. Relatively, the most expressive changes were observed between 56th and 70th day after infection. Lesions were characterized as light to heavy infiltrations formed by immature and mature pleomorphic mononuclear cells. Among these cells myeloid type cells occured too. In some cases expressive tumorous lesions with intensive mitosis were observed mainly in the liver. Intranuclear inclusion bodies were also observed mainly among the proliferating epithelial cells of the proventriculus. 14-days after infection changes in the brain were classified as nonpurulenta encephalitis. Gross lesions characteristic of MD occured the most frequently in the gonads, liver and the kidney. In one case 56 days after infection herpesvirus-like particles were observed by electron microscopy in the tumorous gonads and liver. They measured about 200 to 260 nm in diameter. Degraded and/or aberrant incompleted virus-like particles occured the most often and completed (enveloped) ones with electrondense nucleoids were observed occasionally. It was concluded that MD in chickens with materanal antibody against MD virus shows monophasis progress.

[Experimental paracoccidioidomycosis in the mice induced intransally]. / Paracoccidioidomicosis experimental del raton inducida por via aerogena

A study was undertaken to determine the possibility of inducing paracoccidioidomycosis in mice exposed to the mycelial phase of P. brasiliensis. Two strains of the fungus, designated FG and LA, were grown separately in media favoring the production of spores by the mycelial phase. These were collected and used for nasal instillation of 328 cortisone treated-mice. Animals were observed for a period of 16 weeks and sacrificed periodically. Pulmonary infection was obtained in 38.1% of the animals, with dissemination to spleen and liver occurring in 14.3% of the cases. The infection was not lethal. One of the strains (LA) proved to be move virulent than the other inducing a more severe type of pulmonary infection. The result of the study indicate that the mycelial phase of P. brasiliensis can give rise, by the inhalatory route, to active murine infections.

Histo-biochemical correlation in the oviduct of Bufo arenarum (Hensel).

A histo-biochemical correlation was carried out in oviducts of Bufo arenarum (Hensel), in trophic animals in the preovulatory period. Histochemical techniques were used to detect acidic mucoproteins, whereas complex mucopolysaccharides were biochemically assayed, thus simplifying the histologic methodology. The existence of acetylhexosamines, hexoses, phosphate and sialic acid in the oviduct was put in evidence through histochemical and biochemical methods. Results show a high content in sialic aicd, total phosphate and acetylhexosamines in the middle and terminal portions of the preconvoluted zone. Sialomucins, acetylhexosamines and hexosamines show a maximum in the last loops of the convoluted zone, coincident with clearly determined histologic areas. All components detected exhibit minimal values in the proximal and distal intermediate zones. Results found for phosphate show it is combined, and determines the reactivity to the stains used. This type of mucin has not been found in other species.

Histo-biochemical correlation in the oviduct of Bufo arenarum (Hensel).

A histo-biochemical correlation was carried out in oviducts of Bufo arenarum (Hensel), in trophic animals in the preovulatory period. Histochemical techniques were used to detect acidic mucoproteins, whereas complex mucopolysaccharides were biochemically assayed, thus simplifying the histologic methodology. The existence of acetylhexosamines, hexoses, phosphate and sialic acid in the oviduct was put in evidence through histochemical and biochemical methods. Results show a high content in sialic aicd, total phosphate and acetylhexosamines in the middle and terminal portions of the preconvoluted zone. Sialomucins, acetylhexosamines and hexosamines show a maximum in the last loops of the convoluted zone, coincident with clearly determined histologic areas. All components detected exhibit minimal values in the proximal and distal intermediate zones. Results found for phosphate show it is combined, and determines the reactivity to the stains used. This type of mucin has not been found in other species.

Histo-biochemical correlation in the oviduct of Bufo arenarum (Hensel)

A histo-biochemical correlation was carried out in oviducts of Bufo arenarum (Hensel), in trophic animals in the preovulatory period. Histochemical techniques were used to detect acidic mucoproteins, whereas complex mucopolysaccharides were biochemically assayed, thus simplifying the histologic methodology. The existence of acetylhexosamines, hexoses, phosphate and sialic acid in the oviduct was put in evidence through histochemical and biochemical methods. Results show a high content in sialic aicd, total phosphate and acetylhexosamines in the middle and terminal portions of the preconvoluted zone. Sialomucins, acetylhexosamines and hexosamines show a maximum in the last loops of the convoluted zone, coincident with clearly determined histologic areas. All components detected exhibit minimal values in the proximal and distal intermediate zones. Results found for phosphate show it is combined, and determines the reactivity to the stains used. This type of mucin has not been found in other species.