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1.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 52(4): 200-7, 2005 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15901025

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To analyze factors related to the development of infection soon after a liver transplant. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective study of 1000 liver transplants in adults between 1991 and 2004. Pre-, intra- and postoperative variables of recipients were analyzed in 2 groups according to whether infection did or did not develop. RESULTS: Infection developed in 151 patients. Bacterial infections were the most common type. Significant risk factors for infection in the multivariate analysis were sex (odds ratio [OR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.90); Child-Pugh stage (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.29-2,77); hepatitis C virus cirrhosis (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.34-0.99); post-reperfusion syndrome (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.03-3.21); vena cava preservation technique (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22-0.84); history of diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.34-4.22); respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 6.60; 95% CI, 1.16-37.45); pulmonary edema (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.44-3.86); renal dysfunction (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.89-5.60); acute renal insufficiency (OR, 20.24; 95% CI, 9.88-41.46); neurological alterations (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.94-5.821); postoperative bleeding (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.32-5.97); graft dysfunction (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.21-3.53); primary graft failure (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01-0.33). CONCLUSION: Infection is a serious complication that continues to be difficult to control. Certain risk factors can be improved with careful management (kidney failure, pulmonary edema) or appropriate donor-recipient matching (initial dysfunction). Others, however, are inherent to the procedure (post-reperfusion syndrome, sex) or to immunosuppression, which acts as a true mediator of infection with regard to both its appearance and its clinical manifestation.


Assuntos
Infecções/epidemiologia , Infecções/etiologia , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo
2.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 52(4): 200-207, abr. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-036966

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Analizar los factores relacionados con la aparición de la infección en el postoperatorio precoz del trasplante hepático. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo sobre 1000 trasplantes hepáticos en pacientes adultos, entre 1991- 2004. Se analizaron las variables pre, intra y postoperatorias de los receptores formando dos grupos al tomar como criterio la presencia o ausencia de infección. RESULTADOS: En 151 pacientes se produjo algún episodio infeccioso. Las infecciones bacterianas fueron las más frecuentes. Los factores que muestran significación estadística en el análisis multivariante son sexo (OR=0,54 [IC95%:0,33-0,90]), estadio de Child- Pugh (OR= 1,89 [IC95%:1,29-2,77]), cirrosis por virus C (OR=0,58 [IC95%:0,34-0,99]), síndrome postreperfusión (SPR) (OR= 1,82 [IC95%:1,03-3,21]), técnica de preservación de cava (OR= 0,43 [IC95%:0,22-0,84]), diabetes mellitus previa (OR= 2,38 [IC95%:1,34-4,22]), síndrome de distrés respiratorio (OR= 6,60 [IC95%:1,16-37,45]), edema pulmonar (OR= 2,36 [IC95%:1,44-3,86]), disfunción renal (OR= 3,25 [IC95%:1,89-5,60]) e insuficiencia renal aguda (OR= 20,24 [IC95%:9,88-41,46]), alteraciones neurológicas (OR= 3,36 [IC95%:1,94-5,82]), hemorragia postoperatoria (OR= 2,80 [IC95%:1,32-5,97]), disfunción del injerto (OR= 2,07 [IC95%:1,21-3,53]) y fallo primario (OR= 0,07 [IC95%:0,01-0,33]). CONCLUSIÓN: La infección es una complicación importante y su control continúa siendo difícil. Hay algunos factores que pueden ser mejorables con un manejo cuidadoso (fallo renal, edema pulmonar) o con una adecuada selección donante-receptor (disfunción inicial), otros en cambio son inherentes al procedimiento (SPR, sexo del paciente) y además se añade la inmunosupresión que actúa como auténtico modulador de la infección tanto en su aparición como en su propia expresividad clínica


OBJECTIVES: To analyze factors related to the development of infection soon after a liver transplant. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective study of 1000 liver transplants in adults between 1991 and 2004. Pre-, intra- and postoperative variables of recipients were analyzed in 2 groups according to whether infection did or did not develop. RESULTS: Infection developed in 151 patients. Bacterial infections were the most common type. Significant risk factors for infection in the multivariate analysis were sex (odds ratio [OR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.90); Child-Pugh stage (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.29-2,77); hepatitis C virus cirrhosis (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.34-0.99); post-reperfusion syndrome (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.03-3.21); vena cava preservation technique (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22-0.84); history of diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.34-4.22); respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 6.60; 95% CI, 1.16-37.45); pulmonary edema (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.44-3.86); renal dysfunction (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.89-5.60); acute renal insufficiency (OR, 20.24; 95%CI, 9.88-41.46); neurological alterations (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.94-5.82]); postoperative bleeding (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.32-5.97); graft dysfunction (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.21-3.53); primary graft failure (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01-0.33). CONCLUSION: Infection is a serious complication that continues to be difficult to control. Certain risk factors can be improved with careful management (kidney failure, pulmonary edema) or appropriate donor-recipient matching (initial dysfunction). Others, however, are inherent to the procedure (post-reperfusion syndrome, sex) or to immunosuppression, which acts as a true mediator of infection with regard to both its appearance and its clinical manifestation


Assuntos
Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Complicações Intraoperatórias , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Infecções/epidemiologia , Infecções Bacterianas , Prevalência , Incidência , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Retrospectivos , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Readmissão do Paciente , Inflamação , Pneumonia Bacteriana , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória , Anticorpos
4.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 11(5): 282-286, jun. 2004. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-36387

RESUMO

Objetivo: Valorar la evolución de los pacientes, de nuestro hospital, diagnosticados de angina refractaria y tratada con estimulación eléctrica medular (EEM) cervical desde 19942002, además de valorar los costes asociados a dicho tratamiento y su relación coste/beneficio. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 12 pacientes observando su evolución a lo largo de 8 años con controles clínicos periódicos, objetivándose tanto en la historia previa como posterior al implante, las siguientes variables: fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI), estadio funcional NYHA, frecuencia de ingresos hospitalarios, frecuencia de episodios anginosos e ingesta de cafinitrinas, sensación subjetiva de mejora del dolor anginoso, exitus, costes hospitalarios previos y posteriores a la colocación del EEM. Resultados: El electrodo de EEM fue implantado a nivel cervical siendo más frecuente la localización C2-C3 (58,3 por ciento). No se presentó ninguna complicación intraoperatoria. En el postoperatorio inmediato tuvimos como única complicación un desplazamiento del electrodo. No hubo ninguna complicación a largo plazo. Comprobamos que existió una disminución del número de anginas por semana (14 vs 4 p = 0,005) asociada a una disminución del número de tomas de nitroglicerina de acción rápida (15,7 vs 3,8 p = 0,002) y a una disminución en el número de ingresos hospitalarios/año (2,62 vs 0,84 p = 0,003). La mejoría subjetiva por parte del paciente tras la colocación del neuroestimulador fue del 70 por ciento. En cuanto al coste hospitalario quinquenal (conformado sólo por el coste del ingreso sin pruebas complementarias) fue de 37.921,85 en los pacientes con angina refractaria que no portaban EEM, frente a los 15.150,25 de los pacientes portadores EEM (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Angina Instável/terapia , Estimulação Elétrica Nervosa Transcutânea/métodos , Estimulação Elétrica Nervosa Transcutânea/economia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Análise Custo-Benefício
5.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 51(2): 100-3, 2004 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15072403

RESUMO

An 18-year-old male with a history of surgery to correct partial drainage of the pulmonary veins had been experiencing symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) for 2 years. Severe obstruction of the superior vena cava where it joined the right atrium became evident upon cardiac catheterization. Because the catheter could not be inserted into the atrium, angioplasty was ruled out and surgery was scheduled. Surgery was performed with the patient in Fowler's position. Electrocardiographic signals, oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry), temperature, bispectral index, diuresis, and invasive arterial pressure were monitored. A large vein was catheterized in the left foot, and a central venous catheter was inserted through the right femoral vein. Balanced anesthesia without nitrous oxide was provided, and a right axillary artery-inferior vena cava cardiopulmonary bypass was established. Once the defect was repaired, central venous pressure became normal and edema in the upper thoracic region decreased. Anesthesia for surgical correction of SVCS carries considerable risk related to such events as difficult intubation and ventilation, bleeding, and vessel collapse. Extreme precautions must be taken and certain procedures followed in order to avoid life-threatening complications.


Assuntos
Anestesia , Síndrome da Veia Cava Superior/cirurgia , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco
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