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1.
Psiquiatr. biol. (Ed. impr.) ; 10(3): 73-80, mayo 2003. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-26049

RESUMO

FUNDAMENTO: El tratamiento antipsicótico en un primer episodio de esquizofrenia debe proporcionar con rapidez el mayor grado de remisión, aunando tolerancia para evitar el incumplimiento. Con ello se favorece el proceso rehabilitador que mejorará el funcionamiento psicosocial. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la seguridad, la tolerancia y la eficacia de la olanzapina en el tratamiento de los primeros episodios de la esquizofrenia, el trastorno esquizofreniforme o las recurrencias de la esquizofrenia sin sintomatología residual. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Un total de 35 pacientes fueron tratados con olanzapina segun la práctica clínica diaria, durante un período de 6 meses. El estado clínico fue evaluado mediante la Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), la Escala de Impresión Clínica Global de gravedad y mejoría (ICG) y la Escala de Evaluación de la Actividad Global (EEAG). RESULTADOS: Catorce pacientes (40 por ciento) no presentaron ningun acontecimiento adverso (n = 14), y fuero los más frecuentes el aumento de peso (22,9 por ciento) y la sedación (14,3 por ciento). El 74,36 por ciento de los pacientes no manifestó síntomas extrapiramidales y ningún caso precisó medicación antiparkinsoniana. Se observó una respuesta a la olanzapina (reducción en la BPRS superior al 40 por ciento o una puntuación < 18 junto con CGI de mejoría de 1 o 2) en 25 pacientes (71,4 por ciento). No se detectaron diferencias en la respuesta clínica entre los tres grupos diagnósticos del estudio. CONCLUSIONES: En este estudio naturalístico, la olanzapina resultó ser segura y efectiva en el tratamiento de los primeros episodios de la esquizofrenia, el trastorno esquizofreniforme o las reagudizaciones de la esquizofrenia, con muy baja incidencia de síntomas extrapiramidales, lo que puede favorecer el cumplimiento y, en consecuencia, el curso de la enfermedad (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Masculino , Humanos , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Antipsicóticos/administração & dosagem , Recidiva , Cooperação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Apoio Social , Farmacoepidemiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Doenças dos Gânglios da Base/epidemiologia
2.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1529750

RESUMO

Gambling dependence or pathological gambling is a psychiatric disorder, recognised as such by the North American Psychiatric Association since 1980. Since 1981 we are carrying out a treatment program for patients who suffer from pathological gambling at the Psychiatric Service of "Ramón y Cajal" Hospital. There is an individualized treatment for each patient and their inclusion in group therapy discussions. We present a descriptive study of the most representative socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic-evolutive data of 46 patients following treatment in our program. All fulfill the diagnostic criteria of DSM III-R for pathological gambling. They were 37 males and 9 females, with an average age of 39 years. More than half of the patients (58%) were consumers of alcoholic beverages; the drug consumption index found was 4% and practically they all were smokers (87%). The excessive drinking and pathological gambling incidence found among family were 35% and 20% respectively. Our therapeutic results support the idea that pathological gambling is a treatable disorder. After an average of two years following treatment 46% of our patients stopped or notably reduced its impulse to gamble. The high incidence of alcohol or drugs consumption among pathological gamblers and their families suggest a biological and psychological relationship between pathological gambling and the classical addictive disorders.


Assuntos
Jogo de Azar/psicologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Alcoolismo/epidemiologia , Alcoolismo/psicologia , Família , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ocupações , Psicoterapia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Tentativa de Suicídio
3.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2291434

RESUMO

A comparative study was made of anorexia nervosa in males and females that were hospitalized at the psychiatric unit of Ramon y Cajal Hospital during a continuous period of ten years. The total number of patients was 63: 10 males and 53 females. A special emphasis is made in the symptoms and the age of the patients at the onset of the illness. A comparison between symptomatology in both groups is made at the state of illness as well as their premorbid personality. The distinctive evolutions, prognosis and the initial pathology which comes to the psychiatrist are evaluated, this one shows a very different pattern in men and women. Our results suggest the existence of anorexia nervosa in men and not as a secondary psychiatric disorder.


Assuntos
Anorexia Nervosa/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Anorexia Nervosa/patologia , Anorexia Nervosa/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/complicações , Psicologia , Fatores Sexuais , Espanha/epidemiologia
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