Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 13 de 13
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Int. j. psychol. psychol. ther. (Ed. impr.) ; 19(3): 291-310, oct. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-190965

RESUMO

No disponible


Unfiltered coffee consumption has been associated to the increase in serum cholesterol levels. The aim of this population study was to verify if the change in the type of coffee consumed from unfiltered to filtered produces effects on the serum cholesterol levels of the participants. The sample was formed of 30 volunteers (9 men) with no health problems (age range= 18-47; average= 28.2; SD= 8.8). The study was structured according to an A-B-A reversible design with simultaneous replications between subjects. During the Baseline and Reversion phases (A), participants consumed unfiltered coffee in their usual way, while in the Intervention Phase (B) they consumed only filtered coffee. Participants were divided into two subgroups according to their serum level of cholesterol LDL at Baseline Phase (resulting in a subgroup formed by 16 participants with LDL <115 mg/dL, and a subgroup formed by 14 participants with LDL ≥115 mg/dL). Results indicated that 90% of participants showed decrease in their serum cholesterol LDL level at the end of the Intervention Phase contingent to coffee change with an increase in their serum cholesterol LDL level at the end of the Reversion Phase when they returned to consuming unfiltered coffee. Also a change in serum cholesterol HDL level was shown by 93% of participants, with an increase in serum cholesterol HDL level contingent on the change to filtered coffee and a decrease when they return to consume unfiltered coffee. The implications of these findings and the limitations of the study are discussed


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Atividade Motora , Culinária/métodos , Café , Entrevistas como Assunto , Fatores de Risco
2.
Adicciones ; 29(3): 210-212, 2017 Jun 28.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28492962

RESUMO

Letter to the editor.


Se pretende realizar con el presente estudio, un análisis exploratorio de variables que puedan ayudar a explicar el éxito o fracaso en cesación tabáquica mediante autoabandono. El presente estudio obtuvo el informe favorable de la Comisión de Bioética de la Universidad de Almería, cuyo número de referencia es UALBIO2011/025. Los participantes del estudio se consiguieron mediante anuncios en prensa y radio y centros de salud, se les realizó una entrevista dirigida al registro de distintas variables relacionadas con el consumo de tabaco, edad de inicio, edad de abandono, años de uso del tabaco, número de cigarrillos al día y dependencia nicotínica.


Assuntos
Autocuidado , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar , Adulto , Humanos , Espanha
3.
Int. j. psychol. psychol. ther. (Ed. impr.) ; 17(1): 87-95, mar. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-159975

RESUMO

No disponible


Smoking Self-quitting is the most commonly used tool for smokers who wish to quit smoking. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between habits related to smoking and some personal regulation variables and succesful self-quitting from smoking. 137 participants who had attempted to quit smoking on their own (99 remained abstinent and 38 still smoking) provided information on their smoking history, quit attempts, nicotine dependence, self-control and psychological flexibility. Differences between succesful quiters and smokers who failed in cessation found that age at wich cessation begins (p= .01), and psychological flexibility (p= .001) were related with succesful quiting. In addittion, a logistic regresion model to estimate the influence of all variables on success in quitting showed that flexibility was related to successful self-quiting (p <.05). These results show evidence that psychological flexibility is associated to successful self-quitting, and suggest that this variable could facilitate success in attempts to stop smoking without professional help. Limitations and implications of this study for smoking treatment are discussed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/métodos , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/psicologia , Abandono do Uso de Tabaco/psicologia , Autocontrole/psicologia , Anamnese/métodos , Análise de Dados/métodos , Intervalos de Confiança , Modelos Logísticos
5.
Int. j. psychol. psychol. ther. (Ed. impr.) ; 16(2): 111-130, jun. 2016. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-153181

RESUMO

No disponible


The prevalence of smoking in the general population remains high in spite of the extended acknowledgement of the well-documented health consequences of smoking and potential benefits of quitting. Only a minority of smokers who attempt to quit seeks professional treatment, yet most of the research on smoking cessation focuses on such form of quitting. Research on self-quitting is scarce, although most smokers who successfully quit, do so on their own. Recently, research has evidenced that psychological flexibility, a core concept in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, is an important variable in predicting successful behavioral change in many clinically relevant areas. The goal of this study was to analyze the relationship between psychological flexibility and successful self-quitting from smoking. 277 participants who had attempted to quit on their own (217 successfully abstinent and 60 still smoking) provided information on their smoking history, quit attempts, nicotine dependence, and demographics, and were assessed with the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II. Abstinence status was measured through self-reports of continuous abstinence and confirmed by concentrations of expired carbon monoxide below 8 ppm. Results show a statistically significant difference (t= -8,775; p <.01) for the AAQ-II scores of successful (M= 18.39, SD= 7.76) and unsuccessful self-quitters (M= 27.17; SD= 6.88). Only 26% participants with high level of psychological inflexibility quitted successfully, compared to 94% participants with low levels of psychological inflexibility. These results show clear evidence that psychological flexibility is associated to successful self-quitting, and suggest that this variable could facilitate success in attempts to stop smoking without professional help. Implications and limitations of this study are discussed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Abandono do Uso de Tabaco/psicologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco/legislação & jurisprudência , Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco/prevenção & controle , Fumar/epidemiologia , Tratamento Farmacológico/métodos , Abandono do Uso de Tabaco/métodos , Abandono do Uso de Tabaco/estatística & dados numéricos , Dispositivos para o Abandono do Uso de Tabaco , Falha de Tratamento , Psicopatologia/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários
6.
Int. j. clin. health psychol. (Internet) ; 15(3): 200-207, sept.-dic. 2015. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-141766

RESUMO

A longitudinal study was conducted to assess the presence of beliefs about symptoms related to hypertension and the time since diagnosis in which they appear. A randomly selected sample of hypertensive patients (67% women, mean age 53.27 years and range 20-65) was divided into four groups according to the time from diagnosis. All patients (N = 171) were interviewed at the beginning (initial assessment) and 12 months later (final assessment) and the patients (n = 75) who did not report beliefs about symptoms at the initial assessment were interviewed in a follow-up schedule. The results showed that 56% of patients reported beliefs about symptoms at the initial assessment, and this percentage increased to 77% at the final assessment (p < .001) finding significant differences between the two groups with a more recent diagnosis and the two groups of long-standing patients. Longitudinal analysis of the group with the recent diagnosis showed that the critical period for the emergence of beliefs was the first year from diagnosis. This period could be decisive in order to prevent them. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the emergence of these beliefs, as they could negatively affect treatment adherence (AU)


Se realizó un estudio para evaluar creencias sobre síntomas relacionados con la hipertensión y el tiempo transcurrido desde el diagnóstico. Una muestra elegida al azar de pacientes con hipertensión (media de edad 53,27 años, rango 20-65; 67% mujeres) se dividió en cuatro grupos de acuerdo al tiempo transcurrido desde el diagnóstico. Se entrevistó a todos los pacientes (N = 171) al comienzo del estudio (evaluación inicial) y 12 meses después (evaluación final). A los pacientes que no informaron creencias en síntomas (n = 75) se les entrevistó cada tres meses de acuerdo a un programa de seguimiento. Los resultados indicaron que en la evaluación inicial el 56% de los pacientes informó creencias en síntomas, elevándose al 77% en la evaluación final (p < .001), y diferencias significativas entre los grupos con menor y mayor tiempo desde el diagnóstico. El análisis longitudinal del grupo de pacientes de reciente diagnóstico mostró que el primer año es el período crítico para la emergencia de creencias en síntomas, información que resulta clave para planear la prevención. Los profesionales de la salud deberían prestar atención a la emergencia de creencias en síntomas dado que pueden afectar negativamente a la adherencia al tratamiento (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hipertensão/psicologia , Avaliação de Sintomas/psicologia , Estudos Longitudinais , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Cooperação do Paciente/psicologia , Adesão à Medicação/psicologia
7.
Int J Clin Health Psychol ; 15(3): 200-207, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30487837

RESUMO

A longitudinal study was conducted to assess the presence of beliefs about symptoms related to hypertension and the time since diagnosis in which they appear. A randomly selected sample of hypertensive patients (67% women, mean age 53.27 years and range 20-65) was divided into four groups according to the time from diagnosis. All patients (N = 171) were interviewed at the beginning (initial assessment) and 12 months later (final assessment) and the patients (n = 75) who did not report beliefs about symptoms at the initial assessment were interviewed in a follow-up schedule. The results showed that 56% of patients reported beliefs about symptoms at the initial assessment, and this percentage increased to 77% at the final assessment (p < .001) finding significant differences between the two groups with a more recent diagnosis and the two groups of long-standing patients. Longitudinal analysis of the group with the recent diagnosis showed that the critical period for the emergence of beliefs was the first year from diagnosis. This period could be decisive in order to prevent them. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the emergence of these beliefs, as they could negatively affect treatment adherence.


Se realizó un estudio para evaluar creencias sobre síntomas relacionados con la hipertensión y el tiempo transcurrido desde el diagnóstico. Una muestra elegida al azar de pacientes con hipertensión (media de edad 53,27 años, rango 20-65; 67% mujeres) se dividió en cuatro grupos de acuerdo al tiempo transcurrido desde el diagnóstico. Se entrevistó a todos los pacientes (N = 171) al comienzo del estudio (evaluación inicial) y 12 meses después (evaluación final). A los pacientes que no informaron creencias en síntomas (n = 75) se les entrevistó cada tres meses de acuerdo a un programa de seguimiento. Los resultados indicaron que en la evaluación inicial el 56% de los pacientes informó creencias en síntomas, elevándose al 77% en la evaluación final (p < .001), y diferencias significativas entre los grupos con menor y mayor tiempo desde el diagnóstico. El análisis longitudinal del grupo de pacientes de reciente diagnóstico mostró que el primer año es el período crítico para la emergencia de creencias en síntomas, información que resulta clave para planear la prevención. Los profesionales de la salud deberían prestar atención a la emergencia de creencias en síntomas dado que pueden afectar negativamente a la adherencia al tratamiento.

8.
Int. j. psychol. psychol. ther. (Ed. impr.) ; 12(3): 415-426, oct. 2012. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-119233

RESUMO

This study explores the personal values reported by Nursing, Physiotherapy and Social Work students and analyzes to what extent they fit the predictions made by the theory of intergenerational value change regarding the predominance of post-materialist values in younger generations. The participants stated their values in order of priority in an open-ended questionnaire. The sample was divided into three groups: A Nursing Students Group (NSG), made up of 150 participants; a Physiotherapy Students Group (PSG) represented by 150 participants, and a Social Work Students Group (SWSG) comprised of 150 participants. The results showed differences between the groups in the prioritized value categories and in each group’s resultant value profiles. The Physiotherapy and Social Work students’ values fitted the theory of value change predictions better, consequently giving post-materialist group profiles whilst the nursing students did not show results in line with the predictions, displaying an obviously materialist profile. Here, we discuss the results and their importance for the assessment of social change (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Estudantes de Ciências da Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Valores Sociais , Relação entre Gerações , Atitude Frente a Saúde
9.
Int. j. psychol. psychol. ther. (Ed. impr.) ; 11(1): 139-147, ene. 2011. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-119662

RESUMO

The present study has as main goal the exploration of risk behaviors in a sample of 85 university undergraduated students from the Universidad del Salvador, Buenos Aires, Argentina. All participants responded to a annonymous questionnaire with items related to health habits in food, sleep, exercise, substance use, and beliefs about health status. The results indicated that incoming students differ in their risk profiles from the students of last course. In addition, 42% of the students of last course reports not to have received information about health in university. A high percentage of students report positive beliefs on his/her health status regardless to the report of several risk behaviors. We discuss if the university education context need to pay more attention to health education (AU)


Se comparan las conductas de riesgo y de salud en 85 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos del primer y último año de la Universidad del Salvador, Buenos Aires, Argentina, mediante un cuestionario sobre hábitos de salud y riesgo. Los resultados indicaron que los estudiantes de primero y último año difieren en sus perfiles de riesgo siendo el grupo de último año el que presenta un perfil de riesgo peor que sus compañeros de primer curso. Además, el 42% de los estudiantes de último curso informa no haber recibido información sobre salud a lo largo de su formación, ni ha mejorado sus hábitos de vida. En ambos grupos un elevado porcentaje de estudiantes mantienen creencias positivas sobre su estado de salud, aunque presenten numerosas conductas de riesgo. Se discute el papel del período de formación universitaria en la educación para la salud y el cambio en las conductas de riesgo de los estudiantes a lo largo de su estancia en la universidad (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Assunção de Riscos , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Comportamento Perigoso , Estudantes/psicologia , Argentina
10.
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 13(4): 264-270, oct.-dic. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-636743

RESUMO

Objetivo: examinar la calidad de vida en una muestra de pacientes colombianos con artritis reumatoide (AR) usando la Quality of Life in Rheumatoid Arthritis Scale (QOL- RA). Se planteó la hipótesis de que una medida específica de la AR proporcionaría información sobre la calidad de vida, adicional a la obtenida con mediciones generales del estado funcional o de depresión. Muestra: 82 pacientes con AR (65 mujeres, 17 hombres). Instrumentos: versión española de la QOL-RA, la Short Form-36 Scale (SF-36) y la Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Resultados: los pacientes colombianos con AR informaron de una mejor calidad de vida en todas las dimensiones de la QOL-RA, comparados con pacientes de AR de sexo femenino y origen hispano-latino, provenientes de California, las cuales, si bien más jóvenes, presentaban niveles similares de severidad en su artritis, se encontraban confinadas en casa, sin compañía y con un nivel educativo más bajo. Las correlaciones encontradas entre la puntuación total y los ítemes de la QOL-RA con las subescalas de la SF-36 (r que oscilaba de 0,31 a 0,48) y la puntuación total en la CES-D (r de 0,28 a 0,46) muestran que la QOL-RA aporta información acerca de la calidad de vida que es única, no recogida por las otras dos escalas. Conclusión: la versión española de la escala QOL-RA parece ser una medida válida y confiable de la calidad de vida propia de los sujetos con AR.


Goal: this study investigated the quality of life of Colombian patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), using a RA-specific questionnaire, the Quality of Life in Rheumatoid Arthritis scale (QOL-RA). Investigators hypothesized that an RA-specific measure would provide additional, valid information about QOL to that revealed by generic measures of function or depression. Sample: 82 patients (65 women, 17 men) with RA. Instruments: QOL was measured with the Spanish version of the QOL-RA, the Short-Form - 36 (SF-36) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression (CES-D) scales. Results: as expected, Colombian patients with RA reported a better QOL in all QOL-RA dimensions, compared with female RA patients of Hispanic/Latin background from California, who were younger but had similar levels of arthritis severity, were homebound, unpartnered, and less educated. Correlations between the QOL-RA items and total score with the SF-36 subscales (r = 0.31 to 0.48) and CES-D total score (r = 0.28 to 0.46) show that the QOL-RA contributes with unique information about QOL not measured by the other two scales. Conclusion: the Spanish version of the QOL-RA scale is a reliable and valid measure of RA-specific QOL.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pacientes , Artrite Reumatoide , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e Questionários , Pesos e Medidas , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Hispânico ou Latino , Estudos Epidemiológicos , Colômbia
11.
Int. j. psychol. psychol. ther. (Ed. impr.) ; 6(1): 99-110, ene. 2006. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049572

RESUMO

Los datos sobre hábitos y creencias de salud de la población médica española son escasos.Este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar, en una muestra de médicos y estudiantesde Medicina, los hábitos de salud (consumo de tabaco y alcohol) y los conocimientos ycreencias sobre los mismos. La muestra se compuso por 147 participantes de distintoshospitales de España. Se utilizó un cuestionario diseñado para recabar información sobrelas variables estudiadas. Los resultados indicaron que el 47,6% eran fumadores y el71,7% consumidores de alcohol, encontrándose una relación positiva entre edad y frecuenciade consumo en ambos casos. Los participantes mostgraron un adecuado nivel deconocimientos y creencias respecto a los riesgos para la salud del consumo de tabaco yalcohol, que contrasta claramente con sus hábitos de consumo. Los hábitos de salud enla muestra no difieren de los encontrados en la población general, si bien el nivel deconocimientos y creencias es más preciso. Destaca la falta de correspondencia entrecreencias y conocimientos en salud y los hábitos de salud


Data availableon health habits and health beliefs in Spanish medical population is scarce. The objectiveof this study was to explore some health habits (i.e., tobacco and alcohol consume) aswell as the knowledge and beliefs regarding those habits among physicians and medicalstudents. The sample was 147 participants from various hospitals in Spain. A questionnairespecifically designed for this study was used to obtain data about the target variables.Results show that 47,6% of participants are smokers, and 71,7% inform to be alcoholconsumers. A positive relation between age and frequency of consumption was found inboth habits. Participants demonstrate to have an adequate level of knowledge and beliefsin relation to the risks for health that the use of tobacco and alcohol entails, contrastingclearly with their consumption patterns. The health habits of this sample do not differfrom those founded in the general population, even though participants show a correctlevel of knowledge and beliefs on these habits, thus emphasizing the lack of correspondencebetween health knowledge, beliefs and health habits


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Médicos/psicologia , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Tabagismo , Inquéritos e Questionários , Hábitos
12.
Ter. psicol ; 23(1): 15-24, Jun. 2005. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-428638

RESUMO

El propósito de esta investigación fue describir, relacionar y evaluar la capacidad predictiva de las variables de personalidad resistente y autoeficacia sobre percepción de dolor, depresión y limitaciones funcionales en una muestra disponible de 66 pacientes con diagnóstico de artritis reumatoide. De acuerdo con los resultados, los pacientes evidencian una personalidad resistente consolidada en cuanto las tres subescalas del constructo (compromiso, control y reto) son elevadas y correlacionan entre sí. Así mismo, se observan altos niveles de autoeficacia, poca incapacidad funcional, escasos síntomas depresivos y baja interferencia e intensidad de dolor. La capacidad funcional correlacionó positiva y significativamente con intensidad de dolor, y la interferencia del dolor pudo predecirse a partir de la autoeficacia, lo que hace que esta última constituya una variable fundamental de intervención sobre la percepción del dolor, y demás variables estrechamente relacionadas con él (depresión, discapacidad funcional, estrategias de afrontamiento). Se pone de manifiesto la necesidad de continuar evaluando la capacidad predictiva de las variables involucradas en experiencia de las enfermedades crónicas.


Assuntos
Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Artrite Reumatoide/psicologia , Autoeficácia , Depressão/psicologia , Dor/psicologia , Papel do Doente , Análise Multivariada , Colômbia , Determinação da Personalidade , Avaliação da Deficiência , Fatores Socioeconômicos
13.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 16(4): 531-547, oct.-dic. 2004. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-130712

RESUMO

Se revisan y analizan las relaciones entre consumo de café y riesgo para la salud en los tres grupos de trastornos primeras causas de muerte prematura: trastornos cardiovasculares, diabetes y cáncer. Se revisan los estudios epidemiológicos y experimentales existentes, y aquellos que han explorado los agentes o mecanismos responsables del efecto de riesgo o protector para la salud del consumo de café. Los resultados indican que existen evidencias de aumento del riesgo de trastornos cardiovasculares por consumo de café, mientras que los datos no son concluyentes respecto a las relaciones entre riesgo de diabetes y consumo. Las relaciones entre consumo de café y riesgo de cáncer parecen probables en el caso de los cánceres de páncreas y de ovario, mientras que el consumo de café se muestra como un factor protector del cáncer de colon y recto y los datos no son concluyentes para el cáncer de vejiga. En todos los casos se indican las hipótesis disponibles sobre mecanismos responsables del efecto y se señalan posibles formas de consumo saludable que reduzcan los riesgos (AU)


This paper presents a revision of the relationships between coffee consumption and health across the three groups of diseases that are the first causes of premature death: cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. Epidemiological and experimental studies show relative evidences of increasing cardiovascular risk correlated to coffee consumption while no clear relationship is found concerning diabetes. Relationships between coffee consumption and cancer risk are likely in the case of pancreas and ovarian cancers while coffee consumption appears as a protector factor in colorectal cancer with no concluding data in the case of bladder cancer. This paper also presents the available hypotheses concerning the mechanisms that might be responsible of coffee consumption as a risk or protector factor for the diseases revised, and healthy forms of coffee consumption that minimize risk are indicated (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Café/efeitos adversos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...