[Ecological-hygienic aspects of the prevalence of respiratory diseases in adolescents and children of the Primorsky Krai].

There was executed the ecologic-hygienic assessment of the distribution of respiratory diseases prevalence in bioclimatic zones of the Primorsky Krai. The aim of the study was a systematic assessment of the impact of ecological-hygienic factors of environment on the distribution of respiratory diseases in adolescents and children of the Primorsky region. As an information database there were used indices of the prevalence of diseases of the respiratory system of the ICD-10 class of the official statistical report forms for the period of2000-2013 and the parameters of the environment offactor modules (6 - socio-sanitary, 5 - environmental). The numerical values of modules offactors were determined according to a specially developed scoring scale. The study of the prevalence was carried out with the use of a classical method of data analysis - descriptive statistics, Chi-square criteria. By means of the method of regression analysis from the SPSS package software there was established the relationship of environmental factors and the level of the prevalence of diseases, and were calculated values of the factor loadings influencing on the morbidity rate of children and adolescents. The study revealed that in the structure of morbidity diseases of the respiratory system account of 39% in adolescents, 61% - in children. Constructed predictive models describe the trend of the increasing in the prevalence in adolescents and children. Over the past 15 years, the level of respiratory diseases morbidity rate increased by 46.1%. It is established that the prevalence of respiratory diseases in children and adolescents from various districts of the Primorsky territory depends on the features of the bioclimatic zones and the degree of sanitary-hygienic situation, as well as combinations of parameters that form these zones; the highest cumulative level of the prevalence is observed in the bioclimatic zone of the coast, that is caused by the various degree of the impact of biotropic factors of environment; The prevalence of diseases of respiratory system is mainly affected by bioclimatic factors: residence in an area of high humidity, temperature swings, movements of air masses in combination with air pollution.

[Hygienic aspects of the occurrence of ecology-dependent diseases in children and adolescents of the Primorsky Krai].

With the use of the methodology of the system approach there were obtained results of the evaluation of the occurrence of ecology-dependent diseases in children and adolescents in bioclimatic zones of the Primorsky Krai. Analysis of the prevalence of the main classes of ecologically dependent diseases according to the appealability (diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of digestive organs, diseases of blood and blood-forming organs, diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, diseases of the genitourinary system, neoplasms, congenital anomalies, infectious diseases) was performed with the use of official statistical report forms No. 12 (ICD-10) over the period of2000-2014. Informational Database of parameters of the environment was represented by the factor modules: 6 - sanitary, and 5-environmental ones). By means of the method of the regression analysis there was established the relationship between environmental factors and the prevalence of ecological-dependent diseases, there were calculated values of the factor loads influencing on the indices of the morbidity rate in children and adolescents. The analysis of morbidity according to classes showed that during the study period, in the total there was a gain in the indicator ecologically dependent morbidity rate in children by 33.3%, in adolescents - by 35.3%. In the children and adolescent population there are prevalent diseases of the respiratory system - 67.3% and 52.45%, respectively; further in children and adolescent groups diseases of the digestive system - 9.45% and 17.08% take place; then in the children cohort are infectious diseases, and in adolescents - diseases of the genitourinary system. The level of ecologically dependent morbidity rate is determined by the complex impact of environmental and hygienic factors, with a predominance of sanitary-hygienic component and related with it parameters of the environment of habitation, such as chemical pollution of urban areas (soil, air, water sources), nevertheless biotropic factors (temperature, humidity, fog, number of days with biologically active solar radiation) make a significant contribution. The revealed various degree of the response of children and adolescents through the prevalence rate level to the exposure of ecological and hygienic factors of environment should be taken into account in the development and carrying out medical-preventive measures.